Linguistic Notes

17. Coyote Dances with the Prairie Dogs

(17.1)

     1. sil11do 'soldiers' > Spanish soldado.

     2. bi'4de 'their coats'. -'4de, possessed form of '44' 'coats'.

     3. nt==y47 'that were old and wornout'. 3rd person of ni-...-t==y4 'to be worthless' [imp. neut. intr.]. Cf. ni-...-t- 'to be no good' [see note 13.4, 2].

     4. Note that dits8 here means 'stick, club'. Cf. note 11.1, 2.

     5. yaadaayeestsoozn1'a he hung them onto it'. 3rd person perf. with 3rd person obj.of 0aa- dah-yi-...[si- perf.]-[-ts00s 'to hang a fabric-like object onto something' [act. tr.]. aa- 'to'; dah- 'upon'; yi- ?. dahyees- > dah- plus yi- 3rd person obj. plus yi- prefix plus si- perf. and the -[- classifier.

     6. y4'a[tsin1'a 'he was carrying it like a flag'. y4- 'against it' plus the 3rd person prop. with indef. obj. of the theme -[-ts4 'to cause a pointed object to move' [act. tr.]. Literally: 'he went along causing a pointed object to move against it'.

(17.2)

     1. 'i'00'3go 'being sunset'. The perf. of 'i-i-...[hi- perf.]-aa 'a round object [i. e., the sun] moves away' [act. intr.]. i- away'; i- indef. subject. Literally: 'the sun having moved away'.

     2. hich'88daagond4n1'a he shouted to them'. hich'88- 'to them'; daa- distrib., here modifying the indirect obj. hi-. gond4, 3rd person imperf. of go-. ..[si- perf.]-nd4 'to shout' [act. intr.]. the theme appears with no other prefix.

     3. yoshch'9sh9 'over here' [part.].

     4. bich'88daah7keen1'a they ran to him'. bich'88- 'to him' plus the 3rd person distrib. imp. of ni-...[ni- perf.]-kee 'several run' [act. intr.; ni- completive].

(17.3)

     1. dooh1] koogh2y1 sid1dago no one is to stay at home'. h1- 'anyone'; koogh2 'home' [also heard [googh2] sid1 he sits' [3rd person si- perf. neut. intr.]. Note that the negative doo-...-da encircles the whole phrase.

     2. '8'daanahk1 'all of you come here'. '8'- a prefixed form of '8- 'here' [see Grammatical Sketch, 3] plus the 2nd person distrib. of ni-...[ni- perf.]-k1 'several come' [act. intr.; ni- completive].

(17.5)

     1. d1naagondzoogo 'there was a big battle until sunset'. Literally: 'there being hard fighting, the sun had gone away'. d1- very' plus the imp. of naa-go-ni-...[si- perf.]- dzoo 'a battle goes on, there is fighting' [act. intr.].

     2. n1n7[tsooz 'I brought them back'. 1st person perf. of n1-ni-. ..[ni- perf.]- [- ts00z 'to bring back a fabric-like object' [act. tr.].

     3. dahy4'a[tsin1'a 'he held them up'. dah- 'up'. [See note 17.1, 6].

(17.6)

     1. k -- dasakaa 'build your fires'. 2nd person dual imp. of k -- -dah-yi-...['si- perf.]-kaa 'to build a fire' [act. tr.]. k -- fire'; dah-yi- 'on, upon' [dah- plus yi- plus ah- 2nd person dual pronoun gives dasah-]. The theme: 'to handle something in a container'. Cf. linguistic note to Chiricahua text 1.11, 1.

     2. bik'4d4 'in honor of it'.

     3. got1l si'3go hi[kaa 'the ceremony will last all night'. Literally; 'the ceremony', it lying, day will come'.

     4. d1goneedl9go 'the celebration going on'. d1- very' plus goneedl9 'there is a celebration, a good time'. Probably an imp. neut. with place subject and a prefix nee-. Cf. go-nee-...[hi- perf.]-dl88 'a celebration takes place' [act. intr.].

(17.7)

      got1l nt'aa 'there is to be a ceremony'. got1l 'ceremony' plus the imp. of ni-ni- ...[ni- perf.]-d-aa a round object is put down' [pass.; ni- 'down, to a stop'; ni- completive]. See notes 10.2, 1 and 17.6, 3.

(17.9)

     sh4daa'da['a 'sing about me'. 2nd person distrib. imp. of 04-i-di-...[hi- perf.]- [-a 'to sing about someone' [act. intr.]. 4- 'about'; 'i'- ?; di- referring to noise. The theme is not used with any other prefix complex.

(17.11)

     t['44'00s'ahn1'a 'it was late at night'. t['44' 'night' plus '00s'ah 'late, later' [part.].

(17.12)

     1. daa['ahk'aa7 'those of you who are fat'. 2nd person distrib. of [i-ni-...-k'aa 'to be fat' [imp. neut. intr.]. [i-ni- adj; ni- is lost in the 3rd and 3a persons singular and dual and sometimes in the 2nd person dual. [inahk'aa also occurs however.

     2. d1[esh4go naht'igo 'you line up on one side'. d1[e- 'one'; - sh4 'side'. naht'i is the 2nd person dual cont. imp. of ni-...[ni- perf.]-t'4 'to line up, to get in line' [act. intr.; ni- [completive].

     3. dant==y47 'those that are thin'. Literally: 'those that are poor, worthless' [see note 17.1, 3].

     4. goneedl9go 1gonas9 'have a good time'. goneedl9 'there is a good time' [see note 17.6, 4]. '1gonas9, 2nd person dual with place object of '1-ni-...-[-z8 'to have so' [imp. neut. tr.].

(17.14)

     1. t'4doodago 'very, exceedingly' [part.].

     2. 'iishx11sh 'I'm going to sleep'. 1st person imp. of 'i-|...[ni- perf.]-[-gh11sh 'to go to sleep' [act. intr.; 'i-| ?].

(17.15)

     1. kaitah7[ghon1'a 'he went into it'. kaa- 'to it' plus the 3rd person perf. of 0-t'a-ni- ...[ni- perf.]-l-ghee 'to go away' [act. intr.; see linguistic note to Chiricahua text 5.8, 2].

     2. 'idaagoi'1] 'their holes'; cf. 'igoi'1] 'hole' and 'ii'1] 'hole'.

     3. kaadaan1daagodeezin1'a 'he filled them all up'. kaa- 'to them' plus 3rd person perf.with distrib. place object of daa-n1-di-ni-...[ni- perf.]-z7 'to fill up [e. g., a hole with dirt]' [act. tr.]. In the text form, the distributive daa- causes the si- perf. The prefix complex is not clearly definable; the theme alone means; 'to work, to meddle with, to handle'.

(17.16)

     1. ts4[kanee 'mulberry tree'. No analysis.

     2. k'4y7]tin1'a 'he broke it off'. 3rd person perf. with 3rd person obj. of k'4-ni- ...[ni- perf.]-t7 to break off' [act. tr.; k'4- off'; ni- completive].

     3. goch'88n1yag44[n1'a 'he carried it back to them'. goch'88 'to them' plus the 3rd person prog. with 3rd person obj. of n1-ni-...[ni- perf.]-d-ghee 'to carry a burden back' [act. tr.].

(17.17)

     1. goneedl9goy4 'to have a good time'. -y4 ?; goneedl9go, see note 17.6, 4.

     2. [7n1daago[ch7n1'a 'he pretended to hit them again and again'. 3rd person iter. with distrib. 3a obj. of [7-|...[si- perf.]-[- ch7 'to threaten to hit' [act. tr.; [7-| ?].

     3. gish 'club, cane stick'; bee 'with it'.

(17.18)

     k'as3 hagoj00[haal 'he nearly hit him'. k'as3 'nearly, almost'. 3a person perf. with 3a obj. of ha-|...[hi- perf.]-[-ghaa[ 'to whip, to beat' [act. tr.; ha-| ?].

(17.22)

     'gotaajiist['izhn1'a 'he struck at them'. 3a person perf. of 0-taa-|...[si- perf.]-[- t['izh 'to beat, strike' [act. intr.; taa- among']. Cf. hi-|...[si- perf.]-[-t['ish 'to hit, strike' [act. tr.]. See also note 18:9, 1.

(17.23)

     1. nn1daagoigeen1'a 'he carried them back there'. 3rd person imp. with 3a distrib. obj. of ni-n1-hi-...[si- perf.]-d-ghee 'to carry a burden back there' [act. tr.]. ni- 'to a stop'; n1- 'back'; hi- ?. hi- is reduced to -i- in the text form. The theme: 'to carry a burden'.

     2. 'i[y4n1goyeesg9n1'a 'he piled them in a heap'. 3rd person perf. with 3a obj. of 'i[-y44-n1-hi-...[si- perf.]-d-ghee 'to carry a burden back together' [act. tr.]. 'i[y4- 'together' may be 'i[- reciprocal plus the pp. 44- 'against'. n1- 'back'; hi- ?.

     3. 'i[ch'3y7]ziin1'a 'he spread it apart'. 3rd person perf. with 3rd person obj. of 'i[- ch'3-ni-...[ni- perf.]-z7 'to spread apart' [act. tr.; 'i[- reciprocal; ch'3- 'from'; ni- completive]. The theme: 'to handle'.

     4. 'igoyeesndiln1'a 'he put them in'. 3rd person perf. with 3a obj, of 'i-hi-...[si- perf.]-nd77[ 'to put several objects in' [act. tr.; 'i- 'away'; hi- ?].

     5. gok'een1yiiziin1'a 'he covered it up a-gain'. 3rd person perf. with 3rd person obj. of 0-k'ee-n1-... [ni- perf. ?]-z7 'to cover up again' [act. tr.]. k'ee- 'on, over'; n1- 'again'. See 3 above.

(17.25)

     1. ]d07 'puma, mountain lion'. No analysis.

     2. baahan1'00zin1'a 'he dug them out from him'. baa- 'from him' plus 3rd person perf. with indef. obj. of ha-n1-...[hi- perf.]-z7 'to dig out' [act. tr.]. ha- 'out', - n1- ? See note 17:23, 3 and 5.

     3. d1naaki4 'just two'. naaki 'two'; d1- 'just'; -4 relative [?].

     4. b1nn1y7]l1n1'a 'he put them back for him'. b11- 'for him' plus 3rd person perf.with 3rd person obj. of ni-n1-ni-...[ni- perf.]-l4 'to put two beings back there' [act. tr.]. ni- 'to a stop'; -n1- 'back'; ni- completive. -n1- 'back' ordinarily requires the -d- class; this verb is exceptional. the theme: to handle a rope-like object, to handle two beings, to handle several objects o a mass'.

(17.26)

     1. ch'7n1dzin1'a 'he woke up'. 3rd person perf. of ch'7-n1-ni-...[ni- perf.]-d- dz7 'to wake up' [mediopas. ?]. The stem initial is probably z- since this is a -d- form. The theme, however, is found with no other prefixes.

     2. 'i'y00sht'ood 'they are tender'. This verb is not conjugated; cf. dit'ood4 'it is tender, well cooked, fragile'.

(17.27)

     1. ts7ghe'naa'itsin1'a. 'he poked about in the fire'. ts7- fire'; -ghe' 'in' plus the 3rd person imp. with indef. obj. of naa-|...[si- perf.]-tsi 'to move a pointed object' [act.tr.; naa-| 'about']. Cf. note 17.1. 8.

     2. hay4'00[tsin1'a. 'he poked them out'. 3rd person perf. of ha-04-i-...[hi- perf.]-[-ts4 to cause a pointed object to move something out'. ha- out'; 4- 'against'; 'i- indef. obj. referring to a pointed object. Cf. 1 above and note 17:1, 6.

(17.28)

     1. 'ii[k0 'they are no good'. 3rd person of 'i-ni-...-[-k0 'to be ugly, bad, no good' [imp. neut. intr.].

     2. yee'deesd44[n1'a. 'he threw them away'. 3rd person perf. of 0ee-i-di-...[si- perf.]-[-dee[ 'to throw several objects away' [act. intr.]. Prefixes indefinable. The theme: 'to cause several to move'.

     3. ch'4h1nineest3n1'a. 'he searched in vain for them'. . ch'4- 'in vain' plus 3rd person perf. with 3rd person obj. of h1-ni-...[si- perf.]-t1 'to look for, search for' [act. tr.]. See linguistic note to Chiricahua text 1:10, 4.