Linguistic Notes

Coyote Marries his Own Daughter

(18.1)

     1. hi[naaheest3n1'a 'he lived with them'. Literally: 'he sat about with them'. 3rd person of naa-hi-...-t3 'several sit about' [si- perf. neut. intr.]. A plural verb.is used here because the total number is more than one.

     2. bijeek5' 'his daughter'.

     3. '7[ts4naagh1] 'she who was oldest': '7[ts4 'first'; naagh1 'she lives, she goes about' [see linguistic note to Chiricahua text 4.9 4].

     4. yaab00ndiin1'a 'he wanted to marry her'. yaa- 'to her'; b00ndii 'he has sexual desire, he wants, desires'. Bi- 3rd person pronoun plus hoo- and a stem -ndii.

(18.2)

     1. kaa'7godeest9n1'a 'he pretended to be sick'. 3rd person perf. of kaa-'7-go-di- ...[si- perf.]-[-tee 'to pretend to be sick' [act. intr.]. kaa- 'sickness, disease' [a noun]. The prefix complex 7-go-di- apparently means 'to pretend to be'. This theme is obviously neither -tee 'one person lies' nor -[-tee 'to handle an animate being'. It may be a mediopassive in which the signs of the -l- class have entirely disappeared.

     2. -gha'isdz1] 'wife'. Apparently a compound of -gha-, a unique morpheme, and 'isdz1] 'woman'.

     3. kaas7t9 'I am sick'. kaa 'sickness' plus the 1st person of -t9 'one animate being lies' [si- perf. neut. intr.]. Cf. 1 above.

     4. t4esk'eh 'bed, sleeping place'.

(18.4)

     'izi h00[dzi'7 'a liver that was rotten'. -zi liver'. h00[dzi', perf. of ...[hi- perf.]-[-dzi 'to become rotten' [act. intr.].

(18.5)

     1. d1'a[tsoj9da 'every day'. d1- just'; 'a[tso [or 'i[tso] 'all, every'; j9 'day' ; -da 'only, even'.

     2. g0sh0 'you sweep it'. 2nd person imp. with place object of ...[hi- perf.]-[- zho 'to sweep, brush' [act. tr.].

     3. doonsh0]l7dadaa[ 'you will know I am gone'. Negative with future enclitic -daa[ of the 2nd person with 1st person object of ni-00-...-l7 'to expect someone, to hope for someone'. Literally: 'you will not hope for me'; a euphemistic way of saying 'you will know I am dead'.

     4. baagodaa[t44[ 'you will give her to him'. 2nd person dual future with 3a object of 0aa-ni-...[ni- perf.]-[-tee 'to give someone an animate being' [act. tr.] aa- 'to'; ni- completive. The latter prefix appears only in the imp. mode.

     Why Coyote should use the 2nd person dual when addressing his wife is not clear. The 2nd person dual is a polite form of address generally applied only to those relatives with which one maintains a respect relationship.

(18.6)

     hich'88nab00ndii 'he had sexual desires toward her'. hich'88 'toward her'; na- ? b00ndii see note 18:1, 4.

(18.9)

      biche'shk4ne 'her children'; -ne 'people of such and such a group.

(18.12)

     '7y4h4 a particle denoting certainty: 'surely, positively'.

(18.15)

     bich'aaghag0ch8n1'a 'she stopped him. 3rd person imp. of 0-ch'aa-gha-go-ni-...[hi- perf.]-ch8 'to forbid someone, to stop someone [from doing]'. The prefix complex cannot be defined.

(18.16)

     gogh2'n] 'her husband'. -gh2' 'husband'; -n past tense.

(18.19)

      goj7y3[ee 'he was wise'. 3a person of go-ni-...-y3 'to be wise, sensible' [imp. Neut. Intr.; go- ?; ni- adj.]. -[ee 'it used to be.

(18.22)

     1. yi[sik4n1'a 'she sat with him' yi[- with him' plus 3rd person of k4 'two persons sit' [si- perf. neut. intr.]. Note the dual verb with a singular subject [cf. note 18.1; §1].

     2. sh3' 'sunshine, rays of the sun'.

(18.23)

     yaa sh1h1]ghaa[ 'search or lice on me'. yaa 'lice'. sh1- 'for me' plus 2nd person imp. Of h1-di-...[si- perf.]-ghaa[ 'to search for' [act. intr.]. In this verb the prefix h1- 'for' is evidently an archaic combination of a pronoun object plus a postposition. When any other than the 3rd person pronoun is expressed, the postposition becomes -k1 'for'; thus, sh7k1]ghaa[ 'look for me'. In other verbs, however, h1- is treated as a non- postpositional prefix and the verb is transitive [see linguistic note to Chiricahua text 1.19, 4].

(18.24)

     1. gotsaask'idey1 'in her lap'. -tsaask'ide 'lap'; no analysis.

     2. nneet'3go 'putting his head'. 3rd person perf. of ni-ne-ni-...[ni- perf.]-d- aa 'to move one's head to a stop' [mediopas.]. ni- to a stop'; ne-ni- ?. The theme is probably 'to handle a round object'; thus, the mediopassive -d-aa 'to handle one's own round object [i. e., one's head]'. ne-ni-[the ni- is probably the perf. prefix] combine to nee- in the 3rd person perf. [cf. nnenst'3 'I have put my head down'].

     3. nanneest9go 'he lay on his side'. 3rd person perf. of nan-ni-...[si- perf.]-tee 'one person lies on his side' [act. intr.; nan- 'on [his] side'; ni- terminative].

     4. 'in11shdiya[ndi 'she put her hand [there] every now and then'. 'i- 'away'; n11- 'again and again'; di-yi- ? plus the prog. mode of -[-ndi 'to make a movement of the hands' [act. intr.]. This prefix complex appears only in the prog.

(18.25)

     1. sh4goja 'several are on me'. Analysis uncertain. sh4- is probably shi- 'me' plus 4- 'against, on' [pp.]. goja, however, is not clear. It may be a form of the theme - jaa 'several lie' [act. Intr.] but the mode cannot be identified.

     2. doodashdi[ndikaah1t'9dan1'a 'he did not permit her to put her hand [there]'. doodashdi[ndi, 3a person imp. of dah-di-...[si- perf.]-l- [ndi 'to move one's hands about' [mediopas.; dah- 'on'; di- ?]. kaah1t'9 is probably a mishearing of k11h1t'9; 'he permits, allows her' [see linguistic note to Chiricahua text 2.6, 1].

(18.27)

     haja[tsan1'a 'she slipped out'. 3a person perf. of 0-k'ee-hi|...[hi- perf.]-l-ts11 'to slip out, to move while sitting' [mediopas.; ha- 'out'].

(18.29)

     k'eejii[kaan1'a, 'she threw it on it'. 3a person imp. of 0-k'ee-hi-|...[ni- perf.]-[- kaa 'to throw a large flat object on someone' [act. tr.; kee- on'; hi- ?]. In the text, bitsi- 'his head' apparently makes the pronoun object before k'ee- unnecessary.