1. '7[ts4sh9 'at the beginning'. 7[ts4 'the first, the beginning, first' [part.],-sh9 'from' [pp.]

     2. Bik'ehgo'iiⁿd1] 'the Creator'. A compound of bik'ehgo 'being by reason of him', 'iiⁿd1 'there is life', and -] relative enclitic referring to persons [see Grammatical Sketch, 20]. bik'eh 'his spiritual power, in his charge, by reason of him', a noun with third person possessive pronoun; -go subordinating enclitic. 'iiⁿd1 'there is life, life'a verb [apparently imp. neut. and with prefix 'i-] found only in the third person.

     3. g0l9n1'a 'he lived, it is said'. g0l9, third person of: go-ni-...-l9 'to live, to exist' [imp. neut. intr.]. The prefix go- is often found as a derivational prefix but it is difficult to isolate its meaning. Cf. nl9 'he is' and ⁿd4nl9' he is a man' [ⁿd4 'man']. ni- is a prefix found with verbs defining adjectival notions. In the third person, it disappears leaving a high tone on the vowel of the preceding prefix.

      -n1'a is the narrative enclitic which is generally suffixed to every principal (i. e., non-subordinated) verb in myths or stories which recount events that the narrator has not personally witnessed. In order to save space and to avoid repetition, I have not translated -n1'a in the translations to the texts.

     4. d1j7k'eh 'all of them' [part.]. Cf. d1-nah7-k'eh all of us, all of you' and d1gok'eh 'all of them'. From these can be isolated the proclitic d1- 'just, only', the pronouns ji- 3a subject, nahi- first or second person object, and go- 3a object. The stem appears to be -k'eh and, since it is always preceded by a high tone, an element ni- may be assumed. The inflection, however, is irregular and it is impossible to class this as either verb or noun.

     5. b4daagoj7s8 'they knew about him'. 3a person distributive of : 04-go-ni-...-[-z8 'to know about, to possess knowledge of' [imp. neut. intr.]. -4 'about' [pp.]; go- derivational prefix, meaning uncertain; ni- adjectival prefix. ni- disappears in the 3a person leaving a high tone on ji-. The classifier -[- and the initial stem consonant combine to form s-. The indirect object bi- combines with the postposition -4 to form b4-.

     6. '1koo 'then, and' [part.]

     7. Isdz1n1dleesh4 'White Painted Woman ', the mother of the culture hero [see Ethnological Notes to Chiricahua text 1, note 2]. Apparently a compound of isdz1] 'woman', n1dleesh 'she is being painted white again', and -4 an archaic relative enclitic.

     This word, which is used to refer to the mother of the culture hero and to the adolescent girl at the time of the girls' puberty ceremony [see Ethnological Notes to Chiricahua text 40, note 1], probably owes its etymology to the fact that the girl is painted with white at the time of the ceremony. Except for the the word is cognate to Nav. 'Asdz33n1dleeh4 'Changing Woman' which may be analyzed as 'asdz33 'woman', n1dleeh 'she is born again and again', and the relative -4. It is quite possible that the Chiricahua form is a borrowing from Navaho which has been altered to adapt it to Chiricahua religious beliefs.

     8. 'i[d= 'also' [part.]. Cf. -d0 'also' [encl.].

     1. bik'4sh9go 'afterwards'. -k4 'next to, after, behind' [indep. pp.]. bi- third person pronoun, -sh8 'from' [pp. encl.], -go subord. encl. Literally: 'being from after it' -- 'it' referring to the preceding events.

     2. T0b1jiishchin4] 'Child of the Water'. T0b1jiishchin4, 'Child of Water' is a compound of t0- 'water', -b1jiishchin- , and the archaic relative -4. -b1jiishchin- is evidently a bound 3a person si- perfective form of the verb O1-...-ch7 'to be born for, to be born by reason of' [act. intr.]. -1 'for, by reason of' [pp.]. Therefore, the literal meaning of the compound is 'he who is born by reason of the water', an etymology which is confirmed by the text.

     3. The relative enclitic -], when suffixed to a noun, serves essentially the same function as the definite article in English. Generally this enclitic is added only when the individual is mentioned a second time in the text, presumably to indicate that the same person is being referred to.

     4. goosl9n1'a 'he was born, it is said'. Third person si- perfective of go-...[si- perf.]-laa 'to be born, become alive' [act. intr.]. The theme by itself means 'to become'; the meaning of go-, however, is not clear. Cf. note 1.1 3.

     5. Naagh44'neesgh1n4 'Killer of Enemies'. This noun is unanalyzable in Chiricahua. From comparative data, however, it appears that it is a compound of naagh44' 'monsters'; -neesgh1n-, a bound third person perfective form with a prefix ni- of the theme -gh3 'to kill several' [act. tr.]; and the relative -4. Naagh44' may also be a compound of n11- 'enemy' and -gh44'-, a compounded form of the theme -gh4 'to be dangerous' [imp. neut. intr.]. This analysis results in the literal meaning 'he who kills monsters'. This meaning is, however, rejected by the Apaches whose conception of this culture hero is not in accord with it [see Ethnological Notes to Chiricahua text 1, note 3].

     1. d99' ji[t'4go 'they, being four in number'. D99' 'four'; ji[t'4go 3a person of -[-t'4 'to be a certain number' [imp. neut. intr.]; -go subordinating enclitic.

     2. goj7l9n1'a 'they were living, it is said'. 3a person of the verb go-ni-...-l9 'to live, to exist' [imp. neut. intr.]. Cf. note 1.1, 3. Note that the 3a subject has here a plural referent.

     3. d1'7[ts4godeey1sh9 'from the very beginning'. d1- 'just, only' [procl.]; '7[ts4 'first' [part.; cf. note 1.1, 1]; godeey1 'time has begun to move'; -sh9 'from' [pp.]. godeey1 is a third person si- perfective with place pronoun of di-...[si- perf.]-y1 'one begins to move' [act. intr.; di- inceptive prefix]. From this form, it is clear that the place pronoun may refer to time as well as space. dee- is a combination of the inceptive prefix di- and the perfective prefix si- which, in most cases, results in dees-. Before a stem consonant y-, however, the final -s is lost.

     1. bizhaan1'a '[was] her child, it is said'. -zhaa 'child, little one', bi- third person possessive. Note that this sentence requires no verb.This type of sentence is quite common in Chiricahua.

     2. ⁿd4 doonzh=dash4go 'being evil people'. ⁿd4' 'people'. nzh=, third person of ni-...-zh= 'to be good' [imp. neut. intr.; ni- adjectival prefix]. doo-...-da negative; -sh4 'side, group' [pp.]; -go subordinating enclitic.

     3. ⁿd4 '1t'9n1'a 'he is such a person, it is said'. Note that ⁿd4 has a singular referent here [cf. 2 above]. '1t'9, third person of '1-ni-...-t'9 'to be so, thus' [imp. neut. intr.]. '1- 'so, thus'; ni- adjectival prefix. The latter prefix has disappeared in the third person; cf. '1nsht'9' I am so' and '1]t'9 'you are so'.

     1. Gh44'ye 'giant'. An unanalyzable noun. The first syllable [i. e., gh44'-] may be cognate with the -gh44'- of Naagh44'neesgh1n4] 'Killer of Enemies' [see note 1.2 5]. The element -ye cannot be explained.

     2. hoogh4] 'he who is called. hoogh4 'he is called, named', third person of ho-ni-...-gh4 'to be called, named' [imp. neut. intr.]. ho- cannot be defined but ni- is probably the adjectival prefix. The conjugation is somewhat irregular, however, since ni- drops out in the third person and causes the vowel of ho- to lengthen compensatively. -] is the relative enclitic.

     3. ⁿd47 'people'. ⁿd4 'person, people' plus the relative enclitic -7. Note that -7 functions here as a definite article [see note 1.2, 3] and is used instead of -] because the reference is to a collectivity.

     4. doob1]g0laadan1'a 'he did not permit them to live, it is said'. doo-...-da negative. b1]golaa, third person optative of O1]-go-...[si-perf.]-laa 'to permit to live' [act. intr.]. The prefixes are indefinable but cf. notes 1.1, 3 and 1.2, 4.

     5. goyalee[n1'a 'they were being born'. Third person progressive mode of go-yi-...[si- perf.]-laa 'to be born, to come into existence' [act. intr.]. Cf. note 1.2, 4.

     6. 'it'a [also heard 'it'ah] 'still, before' [part.].

     7. biz33y4go 'they, being small'. biz33y4 may be classed as a noun with constant possessor and it may occasionally be used as such and translated 'his little one'. More often, however, it is used as in this context, defining an attribute of the preceding noun. Cf. note 1.4, 1.

     8. kaayin[ⁿd4n1'a 'he ate them from her, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode of Oaa-ni-...[si- perf.]-[-ⁿd4 'to eat something of someone's' [act. tr.]. aa- 'from' [pp.]; ni- terminative [?].

     1. chaa[naagh1n1'a 'she went about weeping'. chaa[ is a form of the theme -cha 'to weep' [act. intr.] plus a suffix -[ 'while -- ing'. naagh1 is the third person imperfective mode of naa-...[si- perf.]-y1 'one person moves about' [act. intr.]. naa- 'about'. The imperfective stem of this verb varies with the person [naash1 'I go about ', nanⁿd1 'you go about', naajigh1 'he goes about'] presumably because the pronoun has combined in various ways with the initial stem consonant.

     2. ha'y1gon1h4 'how, in what way'. ha' the interrogative pronoun stem [see Grammatical sketch 4] plus -y1, postposition, and -go subordinating enclitic give the interrogative or indefinite pronoun ha'y1go 'how, somehow'. -n1 is an enclitic denoting emphasis and -h4 [also heard -hee], is an interrogative enclitic.

     3. g0zh=go 'it, being good'. Third person with place pronoun of ni-...-zh= 'to be good' [imp. neut. intr.]. ni- disappears in the third person leaving a high tone on go-. In this context, g0zh=go loses its literal meaning and simply adds emphasis to the preceding interrogative pronoun.

     4. niigosdz1n7 'the earth'. A compound of ⁿdii- 'earth' [compounded form nii-] and gosdz1] meaning unknown. This compound refers to the earth or to the universe in general whereas ⁿdii is used when the reference is merely to the surrounding country.

     5. bik1zh8 'on its surface'. -k1 'surface, top' [indep. pp.]; -zh8 'to' [pp.]; bi- third person possessive; referent, earth.

     6. g0laan1 'would they be created!' g0la third person optative mode of go-...[si- perf.]-laa 'to be born, created' (act. intr.). -n1 emphatic enclitic.

     7. ⁿd7n1'a 'she said, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode of di-...[hi- perf.]-ⁿd7 'to say' [act. intr.]. di- is a prefix employed with verbs of saying, speaking, making a noise, etc. The third person form is irregular, the prefix having been lost.

     8. The part of this sentence within the quotation marks is meant to be an intensified exclamatory interrogative. The use of the enclitics -n1 and -h4, the use of g0zh=go, and the selection of the optative mode for the principal verb all serve to give this meaning. White Painted Woman is in despair; her children are all being destroyed by the giant; she is seeking to circumvent him and populate the earth.

     1. da'ook22n1'a 'she prayed, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode of daa-'i-ho-|...[si- perf.]-k22 'to pray' [act. intr.]. The prefixes are indefinable; cf. ho-|...[si- perf.] with the same theme 'to beg, to plead' [act. tr.]. It is likely that the prefix 'i- of the text form is the indefinite object pronoun.

     2. N1go 'and then' [part.].

     3. naago[t8n1'a 'it rained, it is said'. Third person with place subject of naa-...-[-t8 to rain' [imp. neut. intr.].

     4. t07 'the water'. to 'water'; -7 relative enclitic. See notes 1.2, 3 and 1.5, 3 for a discussion of the relative enclitic with nouns.

     5. y1da'neest9n1'a 'she lay face upward for it'. Third person perfective mode of O1-da'-ni-...[si- perf.]-tee 'to lie face upward for' [act. tr.]. The theme alone means 'an animate being moves'; the prefixes 1- 'for' [pp.], da'- 'face up', ni- terminative. y- is yi- (vowel lost before a vocalic prefix) third person object pronoun referring to the water.

     6. y1bizhaagoosl9n1'a 'her child was born of it. y1- > yi- third person object plus the post position 1- 'for, of'. bizhaa 'her child' is here incorporated into the verb [see note 1.4, 1]. goosl9 'he was born [see note 1.2, 4].

     1. '1d7] 'this one' . Demonstrative stem d7- plus the proclitic '1- and the relative enclitic -]. See Grammatical Sketch, 3.

     2. bizh33y4] 'little one'. Note that here this word is to be translated as a noun without possessive prefix. See note 1.5, 7.

     3. hoogh4daa[ 'he will be called'. hoogh4 'he is called' is a third person imperfective neuter verb [see note 1.5, 2]. -daa[ is the future tense enclitic. Since neuter verbs are not conjugated for mode and tense, these variations are expressed by means of enclitics.

     4. bizhaa gosl9 'the birth of her child'. literally 'her child has been born'. This phrase functions as a noun and the indirect object of the following verb.

     5. yaa'i[4]z8n1'a 'she was happy over it'. Third person of Oaa-'i[4-ni-...-z8 'to be happy about something' [imp. neut. intr.]. aa- 'from, to, about' [pp.]; -'i[4 'happy, thankful, grateful'; cf. ni-...-z8 'to feel, to think' [imp. neut. intr.]. I do not know why the ni- prefix has a high tone in the third person nor can that prefix be defined.

     1. d7] 'this'. Demonstrative stem d7- plus the relative enclitic -]. Cf. note 1.8,1.

     2. shishk4'] 'my child'. -shk4' 'child', shi- first person possessive pronoun, -] relative encliti c .

     3. ha'y1goh4 'what, in what way'. See note 1.6, 2.

     4. 1sh[1go 'I, doing so'. First person imperfective mode of '1-...[? perf.]-l1 'to do so' [act. tr.]. '1- 'thus, so'. Note that the initial stem consonant assimilates in voice to the subject pronoun sh- preceding it.

     5. ns1n1 'I rear it'. ns1, first person imperfective mode of ni-...[si- perf.]-[-y1 'to raise, rear; to cause to grow' [act. tr.]. ni- terminative prefix. In this form, the first person pronoun sh-, the classifier -[ and the initial stem consonant y- assimilate to s-; cf. nshy1 'I grow' [imp. mode, act, intr.]. -n1 is the emphatic enclitic.

     6. jiⁿd7n1n1'a 'she said, it is said'. 3a person imperfective mode of di-...[hi- perf]-ⁿd7'to say' [act. intr.]. In the 3a person, the prefix disappears. See note 1.6, 7.

     1. D1'a[tso j9da 'every day'. d1-...-d1 'absolutely, even'; 'a[tso 'all, every' [part.]; j9 'day'.

     2. kaan1d1n1'a 'he customarily came to her,it is said'. Third person iterative mode of Oaa-ni-...[ni- perf.]-y1 'one person goes to someone' [act. intr.] aa- 'to' [pp.]; ni- completive prefix. The ni- completive occurs only in the imperfective mode. The stem in the text form is -d1 because ofthe fact that the iterative prefix requires the -d- class [see Grammatical Sketch, 7] and -d- plus -d- plus y- gives d-. Notice how the two third persons are distinguished; the subject is indicated by the third person pronoun, the indirect object by the 3a person pronoun [see Grammatical Sketch, 2].

     3. '1[chin4 'baby'. Unanalyzable noun.

     4. k1h1yint1go 'he, looking for it of her'. Third person imperfective mode of 01-h1-ni-...[si- perf.]-t1 'to look for something [belonging to] someone' [act. tr.]. 1- 'for, of' [pp.]; h1- 'for'; n- terminative.

     5. dooha'iy1ada7 'that there was no one'. do-...da negative; ha'iy1a 'someone', a combination of the two pronoun stems ha'- and 'iy1a; -7 relative enclitic.

     6. g0zh=go bi[k4goyaaz99[g0 'having learned about it for certain'. g0zh=go has been analyzed in note 1.6, 3. Here it means 'certainly, for certain'. bi[k4goyaaz99[ [third person progressive mode of O-[-O4-go-...-z88 'knowledge about something comes to someone' [act. intr.]. -[- 'with, to' [pp.]; -4 'about' [pp.]; go- deictic prefix referring to knowledge(?).

     7. '1]deeda 'then, now' [part.].

     8. goch'3'in1had11[n1'a 'he was going away from her again, it is said'. goch'3 'away from her'; ch3 independent postposition, go- 3a object pronoun. 'in1had11[ 'he is going off again' (third person, prog. mode). Prefixes: 'i- off; away'; n1- [sometimes heard n11-] 'again'. Stem d11[, -d- form of -y11[, progressive stem of -y1 'one moves' [act. intr.]. n1 'again' requires the -d- form.

     1. k-dasik37 'the fire that lay there'. k -- 'fire'. dasik3, third person of dah-.-k3 something in a container lies upon' [si- perf. neut. intr.]. dah- 'on, upon' unites with the si- perfective prefix to form dasi-. -7 relative enclitic.

     2. bit['1hy1 under it'. -t['1h 'under' [indep. pp.]; bi- third person possessive; -y1 indicating the relation between the verb following and k -- sik37 bit['1h-

     3. b1'goj00ch'iin1'a 'she had dug a hole for him, it is said'. Third person continuative hi- perfective of 01-'i-go-.[hi- perf.]-ch'ii 'to dig a hole for someone' [act. intr.]. 1- 'for' [pp.]; 'I- and go-, meanings unknown.

     4. 1kaa 'there'. An invariable demonstrative.

     5. 'in1ji[teen1'a 'she customarily put him away, it is said'. 3a person iterative mode of 'i|.[hi- per.]-[-tee 'to put an animate object away' [act. tr.]. The theme alone means 'to handle an animate object'; 'i-| 'away, off'.

     6. jins1n1'a 'she reared him, it is said'. 3a person imperfective mode of ni-...-[-y1 'to rear, cause to grow' [act. tr.]. See note 1.9, 5.

     1. d1haaee 'just when'. haa- indefinite pronoun stem;-ee 'at' [pp.]; d11- 'just, only'. haa- here refers to time rather than place or thing.

     2. taan1jigisgon1 'only as she washed him'. taan1jigis, 3a person imperfective mode of taa-n1-...[si- perf.]-gis 'to wash' [act. tr.]. The prefixes may be taa-, an incorporated form of t0 'water'; and n1- 'around'. -gis is probably a continuative imperfective form of the stem -giz 'to twist' [cf. 'i[-k'4-n1-...[si- per.]-giz to twist about one another'; act. tr.; 'i[- reciprocal pronoun, k'4 'on' , pp.]. -go subordinating enclitic; -n1 'only' [emphatic encl.].

     3. han1ji[teen1'a 'she took him out again and again, it is said'. 3a person iterative mode of ha-|...[hi- perf.]-[-tee. 'to take an animate object out [act. tr.]. Theme: 'to handle an animate object'; haa-| 'out'. Cf. note 1.11, 5.

     4. '1sh9' 'then, at that point, from then on' [part.]. This particle may be the demonstrative stem -'1- 'there' plus the postposition -sh9 'from' which has become generalized in meaning.

     5. taan1jiyagisgo 'she having been washing him'. 3a person progressive mode of taa-n1-...[si- perf.]-gis 'to wash' [act. tr.]. See 1 of this note.

     6. bi'jiyas99[go 'she, having been feeding him'. 3a person progressive mode of 0-'i-|...[hi- perf.]-[-y3 'to feed' [act. tr.]. Theme -y3 'to eat' [act. intr.], -[-y3 'to feed' [act. tr.]; prefix 'i-| meaning unknown. The -[- classifier unites with the initial stem consonant y- [gh- in the progressive stem -gh99[] to give s-.

     7. d1s7 'just, exactly, just then' [part. and procl.].

     8. 'in11jiya[t44[go 'she, having been putting him in again'. 3a person progressive mode of' 'i-n11-...[hi- perf.]-l-tee 'to put an animate object in again' [act. tr.]. With the exception of the prefix n11- 'again' [which requires the -1- class] this is the same as the verb analyzed in note 1.11, 5.

     9. kaan1had11[n1'a 'he was coming to her again'. kaa- > go- 3a object pronoun plus aa- 'to' [pp.]; n11- 'again' [requires the -d- class]; ha- progressive prefix, third person; -daa[, -d- form of -y11l, progressive stem of -y1 'one person moves' [act. intr.]. See note 1.10, 2 and 8.

     1. kadi 'now, soon' [part.].

     2. naagh1 sil9n1'a 'he became able to walk, it is said'. naagh1 'he walks about here and there' [see note 1.6, 1]: sil9, thirdperson perfective mode of -laa 'to become' [act. intr.].

     1. han11j00[t9n1'a 'she had taken him out again, it is said'. 3a person perfective mode of ha-n11-...[hi- perf.]-l-tee 'to take an animate object out again' [act. tr.]. Theme: 'to handle an animate object'; prefixes: ha- 'out'; n11- 'again' [requires the -1- class]. Cf. note 1.12, 3.

     2. '1] biz33y4] 'that little one'. '1], demonstrative stem '1- plus the relative enclitic -] [see Grammatical Sketch, 3]. Note that biz33y4] is here translated without the possessive [see note 1.5, 7].

     3. bi[g0zh=go 'he, being happy'. g0zh= 'there is good, happiness', third person place subject of ni- -zh= 'to be good, happy' [imp. neut. intr.; ni- adjectival prefix]. Cf. note 1.6, 3. g0zh= is prefixed by the object pronoun bi- 'him' and the postposition [- 'with, accompanying'.

     4. ts7b33ee 'at the side of the fire'. ts7 [also heard ts7d7] 'fire, glowing coals', followed by the independent postposition -b22 'border, edge, and the postpositional enclitic -ee 'at'.

     5. '1kaa hik4k'en1'a 'there [were] his tracks, it is said'. This is the same type of verb-less sentence remarked in note 1.4, 1. '1kaa 'there' [demonstr.]; -k4k'e 'trail, tracks', a compound of -k4- 'foot' [non-possessed form] and -k'e occurring only in this compound. The prefix hi- is a variant third person possessive which is apparently of commoner occurrence in the speech of the older people.

     1. d1s7 '1kaa 'in11zh00[t9go means, literally, 'just as she had put him away again there'. 'There' refers to the hole under the fire. d1s7 'just, exactly' [part.]; 1kaa 'there' [demonst.]; 'in11zh00[t9, 3a person perfective mode of 'i-n11-...[hi- perf.]-l-tee 'to put an animate object away again' [act. tr.]. See notes 1.11, 5 and 1.12, 8.

     2. kaan11n1dz1n1'a he had come to her again'. Third person perfective mode of Oaa-n11n1-,,,[ni- perf.]-d1 'one person comes again to someone' [act. intr.]. -d1 is the -d- form of the theme -y1 'one moves'. The prefix n11n1- 'again' requires the -d- form of the theme -y1. Since this theme 'one moves' is so irregular in stem form, it may be useful to list the stems.

Mode	Zero classifier			-d-class
	Sg. 1	Sg. 2	Sg. 3
Imperf.	-sh1	-nd1	-gh1	-d1
Perf.	-y1	-y1	-y1	-dz1
Prog.	-sh11[	-nd11[	-g11[	-d11[
Iter.	-d1	-d1	-d1	-d1
Opt.	-sha'	-nda'	-ya'	-dza'

     3. '1i[ⁿd7n1'a 'he spoke thus to her, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode of '1-0[-di-...[hi- perf.]-ⁿd7 'to speak thus to someone' [act. intr.]. '1- 'thus, so'; [- 'with, to'; di- a prefix used with verbs of speaking etc. di- drops out in the third person sometimes causing the pronoun yi- [in this form, reduced to -i-] to lengthen its vowel ['1yii[ⁿd7]. See note 1.16, 7.

     4. ''1d77d77 'these'. This is apparently the demonstrative stem di- plus the relative enclitic -7 reduplicated and with the proclitic '1-. Reduplication is very rare in Chiricahua, this form and d7d7] 'these [referring to persons]' being the only examples.

     5. 'iy1d7' 'what'. Interrogative stem 'iy1d7 plus the relative enclitic -7.

     6. bich''iyoo[k22ni 'something good to eat'.An unanalyzable noun used, according to the informant, only in myths having to do with the Giant.

     7. koy1 'here'. ko-, demonstrative stem, plus the postposition -y1. ko- refers to places within the neighborhood of the speaker and listener and is probably best translated by the English 'hereabout, thereabout'.

     8. bik4k'e 'his tracks'. The compound -k4k'e 'trail, tracks' with the third person possessive pronoun. See note 1.14, 5. Note that this sentence also lacks a verb -- see note 1.14, 1.

     9. goo[ⁿd7n1'a 'he said to her, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode ⁿd7 'he says' [see note 1.6, 7] prefixed by the 3a object pronoun go- referring to White Painted Woman and the postposition [- 'with, to'. go- is lengthened to compensate for the loss of the prefix di-; cf. go[dishⁿd7 'I said to her'. See also 3, this note.

     The verb 'to say' requires the prefix '1- 'thus, so' [see 3] except when it is preceded by a quotation.

     1. The significance of word order in Chiricahua is well illustrated by comparing the first line of this passage, i. e., '!koo 'Isdz1n1dleesh4] Ghee'ye] '1i[ⁿd7n1'a: 'then White Painted Woman spoke thus to the Giant', with the first part of the second line of passage 15: '!koo Gh44ye] 'Isdz1n1dleesh4] '1i[ⁿd7n1'a: 'then the Giant spoke thus to White Painted Woman. This order -- subject, object, verb -- is rarely violated.

     2. d77d77'? 'these?' See note 1.15, 4. Here the proclitic is lacking. The interrogative connotation is given by the sentence tone.

     3. b4]daashtsaago 'I, longing for it'. First person imperfective mode of 04]-daa-|...[si- perf.]-tsaa 'to long for, yearn after' [act. intr.]. I cannot define theprefixes. Cf., however, daa-|...[si- perf.]-tsaa 'to die' [act. intr.].

     4. 1n1gosh'88 'I customarily make them so'. First person iterative mode of '1-...[? perf.]-l1 'to make, to do' [act. tr.]. Prefix '1- 'thus,so'. go- is the 3a object pronoun referring to the tracks. The iterative theme of this verb is irregular not only in stem form but also in the fact that it requires the -[- classifier whereas the other paradigms have the zero classifier.

     1. hansh2 'well then; very well'. An interjection indicating doubt.

     2. shiⁿd1a[ '1gh1l1 'do so before my eyes'. shiⁿd1a my eyes 'plus the postposition -[- 'before,with'. '1gh1l1, second person imperfective mode of '1gh1-...[? perf.]-l1 'to do so, tomake so' [act.tr.]. The prefix '1gh1 'thus, so'. Cf. note l.16, 4. There is no specifically imperative form in Chiricahua; the second person imperfective is always used to express the imperative.

     3. 1koon1 'only then'. The particle 1koo followed by the enclitic -n1 'only'.

     4. n00shdl3 'I'll believe you'. First person imperfective mode of ho-|...[si- perf.]-dl3 'to believe' [act.tr.]. noo- > ni- second person object plus the prefix ho-. The latter cannot be defined.

     1. goⁿd1a[. 'before his eyes'. See note l.17, 2; go- 3a person possessive.

     2. k1'ag0laan1'a. 'she had made them so for him, it is said'. Third person perfective mode of the verb '1...[? perf.]-l1 'to make, do' [act. tr.]. k1- > go- 3a object pronoun plus the post position 1- 'for'.

     3. '1ⁿdee 'now'. Also heard '7ⁿdee. Here this word functions adverbially. In structure, however, it is the third person of 'i-ni...-ⁿdee 'to be new, recent, young' [imp. neut. intr.]. 'i- is possibly the indefinite deictic prefix; ni-, the adjectival prefix, disappears in the third person, leaving a high tone.

     4. 'oodl22 'he believes it'. Third person imperfective mode of ho-|...[si- perf.]-dl22 'to believe' [act. tr.]. See note 1.17, 4; here the indefinite object ?i- is used.

     1. bich'iden1h7 'those blankets of his'. ch'ide 'blanket'; bi- third person possessive; -n1h7 apparently a demonstrative enclitic. It is possible, however, that I misheard -n1h7 for -n17, the emphatic enclitic -n1 plus the relative -7.

     2. ch33n1'1t'4go 'they, being so [with] excrement'. ch33 'excrement'; -n1 emphatic enclitic; '1t'4, third person of 'to be so' [imp. neut. intr.]. Prefixes: '1- 'thus, so; ni- adjectival.

     3. kaan11yii[ts3n1'a 'he saw them from her also, it is said'. kaa- > go- 3a object plus aa- 'from, to, about' [pp.]. n11yii[ts3, third person perfective of n11-hi-|...[ni- perf.]-[-ts4 'to see again, to see also' [act. tr.]. Prefixes: n11- again, also'; hi-| ?. n11- should require the -l- class but it does not in this verb. The perfective is irregular.

     4. iy1ahee 'what'. Should read: iy1ahee. iy1a, interrogative pronoun plus the interrogative enclitic hee [also heard h4].

     5. ch'iyoo[k22 'something good to eat'. Cf. note 1.15, 6.

     6. bich33ne 'his excrement'. -ch33ne is the possessed form of ch33 'excrement'. See Grammatical Sketch, 5. This sentence is another without a verb. See note 1.4, 1.

     1. d77d77'33 'these?' d77d77 'these' [see note15, 4] plus the interrogative enclitic -'33.

     1. '1n11go[dihⁿd7n1'a 'he spoke thus to her again, it is said'. Third person imperfective mode of '1-n11-O[-di-...[hi- perf.]-d-ⁿd7 'to speak thus to someone again' [act. intr.]. Prefixes. '1- 'thus'; n11- 'again'; [- 'with, to' [pp.]; di- noise. The -d- class, signified by the -h- before the stem [see Grammatical Sketch, 7] is required by the prefix n11- 'again'.

     2. '1gh1l1sh2 'do so, make it so'. '1gh1l1 is analyzed in note 1.17, 2; -sh2 exclamatory enclitic

     1. n1in[tsoozn1'a 'she had picked up a faric-like object, it is said'. Third person perfective mode of n1-di-|...[ni- perf.]-[-ts00s 'to pick up a fabric-like object' [act. tr.]. The theme alone 'to handle a fabric-like object' [act. tr.]. n1-di-| 'upward'. n1in[- > n1-yi-di-ni-[-. yi- third person object loses its vowel and becomes -i-; di- becomes -n and combines with the -n- and combines with the -n- of the ni- perfective prefix. The low tone in the third person of the ni- perfective is irregular.

     2. 'in1sht['izhe7 .'wild honey' plus the relative -7. The noun cannot be analyzed.

     3. y4isjooln1'a 'she smeared it on it, it is said'. Third person perfective mode of 04-...[si- perf.]-[-jo[ 'to rub, smear on' (act. tr.). -4 onto, against' [pp.]. y4is- > y4-yi-si-[-. yi- third person object becomes -i-; si- becomes -s-; and -[- assimilates to the preceding -s-.

     4. d1s7 'gh1t'4n1'a 'it was just exactly so, it is said'. That is, the blanket she smeared with honey looked just like the one smeared with excrement. d1s7 'just, exactly'. 'gh1t'4, third person of '1gh1-ni-...-t'4 'to be so' [imp. neut. intr.]. 1gh1- 'thus, so', ni- adjectival.

     5. 'oosdl22n1'a 'he had believed it, it is said'. Third person perfective mode of ho-|...[si- perf.]-dl22 'to believe' [act. tr.]. 'i- indefinite pronoun plus ho- plus si- perfective gives 'oos-. See note 1.17, 4.