Delegates to Congress . Letters of delegates to Congress, 1774-1789, Volume 6, January 1 1777-April 30 1777
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Robert Morris to To: Nicholas Cooke


Sir.
Philadelphia January 9th 1777.

   I have the honor to transmit you herewith a letter from the Honb Mr Ellery who desires me to give you an account of the battle of the 3 inst. which he supposes to have been fought at Trenton.(1) Common fame had been too busy and magnified the transactions of that day by private intelligence



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to Baltimore far beyond the reality. I take it for granted Mr Ellery has given you the situation of the 2 armies on Thursday evening the 2d instant as I transmitted to Congress an exact account thereof. That night Genl Washington (not choosing to risk a general action the next morning) decamped with his whole army except a guard of 500 men so privately that even that guard did not miss him, and by a forced march in the night he got between Trenton and Princeton leaving the main body of the ennemis army waiting at the former place, in the expectation of attacking him there, for they had taken post within cannon shot and placed their out guards at each end of Trenton Bridge within 100 yards of each other. In the morning our guard were astonished to find their commanders gone. The comr of the Guard cannonaded the enemy awhile to amuse them and then followed the baggage of our army which he brought to Burlington. When the ennemie found the Americans gone and heard a firing between them and Princeton they were in the utmost consternation, got under arms, took possession of the heights expecting to be attacked and waited untill they were undecieved, when they marched fast as they could for Princeton. The firing they heard was an engagement between three regiments of British, some broken Hessians and Highlanders and our advance party within a mile and a half of Princeton in which this small body of the enemy behaved very well but were soon routed with the loss of about 50 or 60 killed and abt 100 taken prisoners. Our people pushed on to Princeton where they killed and took a number more with some field pieces, blankets, baggage, cattle, sheep and stores.

   The Genls original design was to have surprized Brunswick also but his troops were quite exhausted with hunger, thirst and fatigue; many of them had not slept, eat or drank for 36 hours, numbers of them were almost naked and in short they were not in a condition to undertake any new exploit or to wait an attack from an enemy superior in number. Less fatigued and better provided the Genl therefore quitted Princeton, took up some bridges to impede the enemy and went aside to Somerset Court house where they rested that night. He is since got to Morris town where I hope he is greatly reinforced by Genls Heath and McDougal. Genl Howe is collecting his forces together and their armies are again become very interesting. The enemies loss at Princeton was not less than 600. At Trenton on the 26th 918, and at various times consequent of the action of the 26 inst-300. Since the action of Princeton several more parties and stragglers have been brought in by Militia so that upon the whole their loss in killed, wounded and prisoners must be considerably more than 2000 In N Jersey and I hope to hear soon of further success. My time being much taken up in public business you will excuse me for not being more particular and I have the honor to be, Sir, Your honor's most obedient servant, Robert Morris.


Note: Tr (MH-H).

1 See William Ellery to Nicholas Cooke, January 7, 1777, note 3.




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