Jefferson, Thomas, 1743-1826
. A MANUAL OF PARLIAMENTARY PRACTICE /
From The Writings of Thomas Jefferson: Volume 2
Electronic Text Center, University of Virginia Library
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SECTION V.
QUALIFICATIONS.
The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each
State, chosen by the Legislature thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall
have one vote.
Immediately after they shall be assembled, in consequence of the first
election, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The
seats of the Senators of the first class shall be vacated at the end of the
second year; of the second class, at the expiration of the fourth year; and of
the third class, at the expiration of the sixth year; so that one-third may be
chosen every second year; and if vacancies happen, by resignation or otherwise,
during the recess of the Legislature of any State, the Executive thereof may
make temporary appointments, until the next meeting of the Legislature, which
shall then fill such vacancies.
No person shall be a Senator, who shall not have attained to the age of thirty
years, and been nine years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not,
when elected, be an inhabitant of that State for which He shall be chosen.-Co
nst. U. S., Art. I. Sec. 3.
The House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every second
year by the people of the several States; and the electors in each State
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shall have the qualifications requisite for electors of the most numerous
branch of the State Legislature .
No person shall be a Representative who shall not have attained to the age of
twenty-five years, and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and
who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that State in which He shall
be chosen.
Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several
States which may be included within this Union, according to their respective
numbers, which shall be determined by adding to the whole number of free
persons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding
Indians not taxed, three-fifths of all other persons. The actual enumeration
shall be made within three years after the first meeting of Congress of the
United States, and within every subsequent term of ten years, in such manner as
they: shall by law direct. The number of Representatives. shall not exceed one
for every thirty thousand;. but. each State shall have at least one Representative. -- Const. U. S.
Art. I. Sec. 2.
The provisional apportionments of Representatives made in the
Constitution in 1787, and afterwards by Congress, were as follows:-
1787 1793 1801 1813
New Hampshire, . . . . . . . . . 3 4 5 6
Massachusetts,. ., . ., ,, 8 14 17 20
Rhode Island,...., . ,,,, 1 2 2 2
Connecticut,.., ,,,, 5 7 7 7
Vermont, . . ... ... ,.. . .. 2 6 6
New York,.. ,.., " . ... 6 10 17 27
New Jersey,. . ... . . . . 4 5 6 6
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1787 1793 1801 1813
Pennsylvania,........, 8 13 18 23
Delaware,... . ......,, . 1 1 1 2
Maryland,.. ,,.., ,, ,, . 6 8 9 9
Virginia,.... ........... 10 19 22 23
Kentucky, . 2 3 10
Tennessee, .... ...... . . 1 6
North Carolina,.. .... 5 10 12 13
South Carolina,. 5 6 8 9
Georgia,..... ......... 3 2 4 6
When vacancies happen in the representation from any State, the executive
authority thereof shall issue writs of election to fill such vacancies.-Const.
U. S. Art. I. Sec. 2.
No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which He was elected
be appointed to any civil office under the authority of the United States,
which shall have been created, or. the emoluments whereof shall have been
increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the United
States shall be a member of either house during his continuance in office.-Con
st. U. S. Art. I. Sec. 6.