[Carter] describes Henry Rose Carter's attachment to the University of Virginia.

In this pamphlet published for the American Museum of Natural History, Peabody discusses the history of yellow fever, the yellow fever experiments in Cuba, and the later history of the yellow fever heroes of 1900. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

This manuscript details stories of the young Henry Rose Carter including his mathematic ability, his reaction to the Civil War, and his education.

Reed informs Lawrence that he is studying for the Medical Corps exam. He describes the exam, and offers his opinion of social engagements.

Reed acknowledges the receipt of the invitation to appear before Army Medical Examination Board. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed is exhausted from work. He plans a trip home. His step-mother is curious about his relationship with Emilie Lawrence. He critiques contemporary novels.

Reed offers many compliments to Emilie Lawrence. He claims in verse that he is not a poet and assures her his feelings for her are genuine.

Reed is worried that he may be writing Emilie Lawrence too frequently. He is sick but will persevere to take his medical exam.

Reed expresses his love for his dispersed family, and notes that it has been one year since he met her. Reed will delay taking his medical exam.

Reed writes a paper on hygiene for qualification as an Army Surgeon. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed writes a paper on physiology for qualification as an Army Surgeon. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed writes a paper on anatomy for qualification as an Army Surgeon. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed's Army Medical Board Certificate gives his personal information and includes the names of the Board members. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed writes an autobiography for the Army Examination Board.

Reed writes a paper on surgery for qualification as an Army Surgeon. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Brown recommends Reed's appointment as Assistant Surgeon, US Army, but notes that Reed's acquaintance with general literature and science is not up to the expected standard. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed declines an appointment as Acting Assistant Surgeon, United States Army. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed responds to Emilie Lawrence's teasing. He alludes to their wedding planned for the fall of 1876. He is beginning study of French and German.

Reed misses Emilie Lawrence. He offers a prayer to his deceased natural mother. He also discusses various topics, including medical treatments, a Catholic service, French lessons, and reading.

Reed describes his activities to Emilie Lawrence: French language studies, reading, and chess. He promises no card playing at her request.

Reed reiterates his devotion to her. He describes a view of the planets by telescope.

Reed expresses his devotion to Emilie Lawrence. He expects a permanent military assignment in the spring.

Reed relates that he is compiling statistics and writing a report for 1875.

Reed has not heard from Emilie Lawrence. He tells her he misses her, and reports on cases of measles at the base.

Reed studies Emilie Lawrence's French grammar. He assures her of his devotion. He visits Central Park, New York City.

Reed arrives at Fort Apache. He describes his house, and relays news of their friends. He studies Spanish.

Reed has photographs of his wife and son, and asks if they remember him. He gives news of their acquaintances and his Spanish studies.

Reed has heard no word from Emilie Lawrence Reed regarding a necklace he sent her. He studies Spanish, and will take the medical exam when he returns. He gives news of the post commissary and their acquaintances.

Reed teases McPherson and writes that he cannot take more leave to be McPherson's best man. Reed will travel to Warrenton, Virginia and to White Sulphur Springs.

Reed discusses finances, and offers advice on female health and education. He advocates against too much emphasis on academic excellence.

Reed is coming to Washington to apply for a leave extension. He plans to visit Florida, and then to visit New York City for coursework.

Lazear has graduated from Johns Hopkins University.

This is a report of Lazear's grades at Johns Hopkins University.

Lazear is admitted to the practical anatomy class at the University of Edinburgh.

Lazear writes that he has begun dissection work in his anatomy course. He describes his living arrangements and customs regarding women.

Lazear describes Edinburgh.

Lazear gives his mother advice on interpersonal relations. He mentions his living arrangements and the American Opera Company.

Lazear describes life in Edinburgh and the surrounding countryside.

Lazear compares his classes in medical school with those in New York.

Lazear describes walks and sightseeing in Edinburgh.

Lazear discusses the mail service, anatomy examinations, and the Scots.

Lazear discusses the weather, Edinburgh, the anatomy department, and the Scots.

Lazear writes that he wants to spend September in Germany to practice German, rather than returning to New York.

Lazear writes about the weather and his plans to travel once his examinations are finished.

Lazear has received some U.S. newspapers. He discusses his plans for the next several weeks.

Reed requests a four-month leave of absence to attend to business matters and for pursuing special studies in his profession. Military endorsements and approval of Reed's leave are dated July 7, 1890 to August 18, 1890. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Lazear writes that he is nearly finished with his courses.

Lazear writes that he plans to travel elsewhere in Scotland before eventually heading to London.

Hepburn requests that Lazear appear for his final examination.

Lazear describes the examination process and writes that the past seven weeks have been the most profitable of his life. He details his future travel plans.

Lazear has finished at the University of Edinburgh, where he receives recognition for his good work. He visits Glasgow and describes a trip through the Lake Country.

Two University of Edinburgh certificates of merit, which were awarded to Lazear.

Lazear writes that he will be able to observe surgical operations in London. He discusses the theater, sightseeing, and a band concert.

Lazear learns that he may observe surgical operations at St. Bartholomew's Hospital. He describes many sights in London.

Reed requests that he be assigned to duty in Baltimore so that he can pursue post-graduate medical study at Johns Hopkins University. The letter and military endorsements granting him a post as attending surgeon and examiner of recruits in Baltimore are dated from October 1, 1890 to October 4, 1890. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

In these efficiency reports Reed summarizes his studies at Johns Hopkins University, and Sutherland declares Reed's record excellent and states that he is fit for duty. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed provides details of his personal finances. He relates news of his family, and he makes comments about her children. He offers his opinion regarding the religious revival at his son's school

Lazear has been entered in the Register of Physicians and Surgeons for New York County.

Reed briefly describes his new responsibilities at the Columbian University Medical School and the Army Medical Museum. He also relates family news. [Courtesy of the Library of Virginia]

Reed requests the address of a fermentation tube manufacturer, as well as a copy of Smith's paper.

Reed congratulates Borden on his paper about the fat cell.

Reed lightheartedly responds to Blincoe's unease about his health, and relates news of family and work. [Courtesy of the Library of Virginia]

Sternberg requests that Forwood, Winne, Reed, and Perley be sent as delegates to the American Medical Association meeting in Baltimore, Maryland, Mary 7-10, 1895. The letter, endorsements, and special orders are dated March 27, 1895 to March 30, 1895. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Physician's and Surgeon's Certificate of Registration, State of Maryland, City of Baltimore.

Reed inquires about his father's health, and speaks briefly of politics and his busy work schedule. [Courtesy of the Library of Virginia]

The trustees of Johns Hopkins thank Lazear for his donation.

Lawrence Reed says he will be sent to Cuba with his military unit.

This draft of Wood's biography of Walter Reed was written for young readers and was eventually published by Julian Messner, Inc.

This partial manuscript of Moran's autobiography describes his early life, military career, service as a sanitary inspector under Gorgas in Panama, marriage, and business ventures. He discusses his relationship with Hench and their search for the actual site of Camp Lazear, as well as the difficulties stemming from the Reed-Finlay controversy. The section of the draft covering the yellow fever experiments is missing.

Welch extensively describes Reed's work at Johns Hopkins.

[Carter?] details ways to prevent the proliferation of mosquitoes.

[Carter] advises the chairman of the National Malaria Committee to reconsider abolishing a subcommittee that helps promote education in the fight against malaria.

Peabody discusses yellow fever work dating back to 1897, with particular emphasis on the work done in Cuba, in 1900 and 1901, by Reed and the Yellow Fever Commission.

This is Moran's account of his experience with the Yellow Fever Commission as a human test subject.

Carter discusses the sanitary issues surrounding yellow fever.

Carroll thanks Howard for all the information he has sent him regarding the different markings of the mosquito, and gladly volunteers to collect any specimen that Howard needs for his research. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Kean writes about studying for his upcoming promotion examination. He notes that the scientists are seeing important results from the mosquito experiments. A dinner will be held in honor of Finlay.

Reed discusses Carroll's experiments, comments on Springer's involvement, and makes recommendations.

Proposing strategy to advance Reed's candidacy for Surgeon General; Results of Carroll's experiments - organism passes through filter; includes typescript of article from the Army and Navy Journal in favor of Reed's promotion.

Carroll presents his autobiography. He includes a note on immunity to yellow fever.

Kent provides the dates of Walter Reed's attendance at the University of Virginia, as well as other biographical references.

Hurd shares his recollections of Walter Reed at Johns Hopkins and later.

Carroll presents a chronology of Walter Reed's involvement with the Yellow Fever Commission. Carroll gives his own autobiography and provides information on the other participants in the study.

Smith explains the importance of the Reed's work with the Yellow Fever Commission and asks that his accomplishments be publicized. He includes an article on Reed's work, distributed by the New Orleans & North-Eastern Railroad Company, the Alabama & Vicksburg Railway Company, and the Vicksburg, Shreveport & Pacific Railway Company.

This copy of Kelly's Reed biography is a 1906 first edition published by McClure, Phillips & Co. of New York. It was owned by Philip Hench, and contains autograph notes by him and others, mostly commenting on information believed to be in error. In addition to presenting a detailed biography of Reed, Kelly discusses at length the history of yellow fever, research on the disease, and the work of the Reed Yellow Fever Commission and its members. The book features several photographs of Reed, other members of the commission, and Cuban experimental sites.

Dickenson proposes an alteration to the text of Kelly's book concerning Brooklyn Hospital. Dickenson provides a quotation from the hospital minutes of 1871 regarding Walter Reed's appointment.

Kean sends Magoon the report of the Chief Sanitary Officer of Cuba for the past year and comments extensively on sanitation and the yellow fever.

Gorgas would like Kean to inspect the hospitals in Panama in order to pass on recommendation to Torney so they can be used as instructional institutions. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Gorgas has been offered the presidency of the University of Alabama.

Gorgas declines the offer of the presidency of the University of Alabama.

Carter expresses his relief upon graduation and receiving letters of recommendation.

Armstrong requests biographical material on her son, Jesse Lazear, for a college reunion event.

Kane thanks Sweitzer for a photograph of Lazear and describes the new Jesse Lazear School.

Kane requests a photograph of Jesse Lazear.

Porter thanks Carter for his educational malaria pamphlet for children.

Carter discusses her presentation on malaria.

Blue informs Carter that the dates for the lectures on yellow fever and malaria are satisfactory.

Blue orders Carter to proceed to Washington to deliver lectures on yellow fever and malaria.

Blue requests that Carter present a paper for the American Society of Tropical Medicine meeting.

Carter suggests changes in the administrative policy of the US Public Health Service. He discusses regulations, examining boards, education of newly accepted candidates, examinations, specialization, rank, and compulsory waiting orders.

Hanson reports on a yellow fever epidemic in Peru. The local newspaper is publishing articles denouncing his sanitary campaign.

Connor comments on Hanson's and Pareja's work in Peru. He also discusses issues related to yellow fever work in Mexico.

Griffitts thanks Carter for lending him memos. He reports on the results of impounded water work in North Carolina and Virginia.

Pierce writes that the Public Health Service seeks a high degree of excellence for all courses of instruction. Lecturers should be recognized leaders in their fields. Pierce asks Carter to prepare a statement on malaria and yellow fever.

Carter agrees to send Surgeon General Cumming a synopsis of a lecture on either malaria or yellow fever.

Pierce thanks Carter for his paper on yellow fever.

Carter describes the literature he is covering for his abstracts.

Griffitts believes that Carter's abstracts are of great value. He may move to Mobile, Alabama for a malaria project.

Carter writes that he would be glad to give lectures on malaria and yellow fever.

Frost asks Carter to give lectures on malaria and yellow fever at Johns Hopkins School of Public Health.

Frost discusses Carter's upcoming lectures on malaria and yellow fever, at Johns Hopkins.

[Carter] informs Hanson that he has been lecturing on malaria and yellow fever at Johns Hopkins. Currently he is working on a brief history of yellow fever.

Frost comments on Carter's report on influenza and pneumonia in Panama and urges him to publish it. He feels Carter's lectures were the best they have had at Johns Hopkins.

Derivaux tells Carter of his activities over the past three years. He is now in private practice and teaching at Vanderbilt Medical School.

Williams discusses a bulletin that was distributed to educate the public about mosquitoes. He writes about employing a sanitary officer for malaria education.

Frost requests that Carter give two epidemiology lectures on yellow fever at Johns Hopkins University.

Hanson writes about his search for new work and his discouragement at not being offered public health positions. He notes that sanitary work in Peru has almost stopped due to financial issues.

Hanson requests Carter's advice regarding the yellow fever campaign in Peru.

Frost discusses Snow's book on cholera. He informs Carter that he will be lecturing in Washington, D.C. next month.

Parker describes his malaria education efforts.

Arthur poses numerous questions related to mosquitos.

[Carter] discusses Crowell's desire that he write regular briefs on the progress against yellow fever. Carter offers his opinion on recent papers on yellow fever.

LePrince reports on the role of the engineer in regards to malaria prevention.

This review, by an unnamed critic, concentrates on the claims surrounding Gorgas' yellow fever work.

Deeks solicits comments on his manuscript, which is intended to educate the public about malaria.

West thanks Kean for reprints of his review of the Gorgas biography.

Griffitts discusses his new job and expresses admiration for Carter as a friend and mentor.

Wood asks Kean to check over his memorandum regarding yellow fever in Cuba for any errors or inaccuracies. Wood wants to make sure proper credit is given to Havard and Kean for their work in Havana, Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

His Race with Death Won by Last of the Yellow Fever Pioneers [From the Henry Rose Carter Papers]

Frost writes a lengthy document providing details about the life and achievements of Henry Rose Carter. He argues that Carter was the foremost figure in the development of quarantine and the management of epidemics, that his studies of the incubation period of yellow fever was the most notable every made in non-experimental epidemiology, and that his indefatigable studies into yellow fever led to his mastery of the subject as evidenced in his book, The History of Yellow Fever.

This pamphlet describes the yellow fever experiments as one of the greatest detective stories of all time. The villain of yellow fever was the mosquito and fomites were proven innocent. The term, executing the sentence, is used to describe the campaign to rid Cuba of mosquitoes. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Sullivan thanks Kean for all the corrections he supplied for his book on the recent history (1900-1925) of the United States, especially with his chapter on William Crawford Gorgas. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Alvare writes about Finlay and Camp Lazear.

A statement about Carter's education, career, and accomplishments is incorporated into the permanent record of the International Health Board of the Rockefeller Foundation.

Phalen's biographical sketch describes H.R. Carter's family, education, career, appearance, and personality.

Templeton informs her that reference material on Jesse Lazear is being filed at the [Washington and Jefferson College] library.

She referred Emilie Reed to Rand McNally publishers for assistance with her book.

A student paper defines heroism.

A student paper defines heroism.

Elliott informs Mrs. Reed of a talk on Walter Reed by James Peabody, and encloses two student papers on Reed.

Pope thanks Laura Carter for Henry Carter's notes. He is impressed that Carter had theorized a living host as an explanation of the extrinsic incubation of yellow fever before this had been proven.

Peabody informs Kelly of the progress of the yellow fever pension proposal. He seeks photographs for a lecture.

Ashburn's speech to an audience of student nurses is an overview of Reed's life and work. The piece includes an excerpt from the Surgeon General's report, 1900.

Harrison thanks Emilie Lawrence Reed for donating her husband's letter. He inquires if she has anything else she would like to contribute to the Vanderbilt University Medical School Museum.

Vanderbilt University requests memorabilia to honor Jesse Lazear and his work.

Kean seeks donations of artifacts or letters of Jesse Lazear for the Vanderbilt University Medical Museum.

Kean vouches for Harrison and urges Emilie Lawrence Reed to make a donation to Vanderbilt University.

Leathers thanks Emilie Lawrence Reed for the donation of Walter Reed's letter and Bible to the Vanderbilt University Museum of Medical History.

[Peabody] thanks Wainwright for his support of the bill to honor the yellow fever experiment participants. Peabody is delighted that Agramonte was included, and glad that Marie Gorgas was not.

[Peabody] describes his trips related to his campaign to honor the yellow fever heroes through an Act of Congress.

Blondel, on behalf of the New York Association of Biology Teachers, congratulates Moran for his yellow fever work.

Ritchey sends Emilie Lawrence Reed a copy of Whittaker's article on Reed and yellow fever.

Flippen asks Kean for his opinion about some of the early influences on Walter Reed as a scientist and physician. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Ravenel thanks Truby for the photograph. An autograph note by Truby identifies Ravenel as one of his professors at the University of Pennsylvania.

[Philip Hench] hopes that his brother, Atcheson, can meet Moran. [Philip Hench] also writes about his honorary degree from Washington and Jefferson College.

[Hench] inquires about Lazear's college career. He discusses a possible guest list for the Lazear Building dedication ceremony.

Hutchison provides details of the upcoming exercises honoring Lazear at Washington and Jefferson College and discusses Hench's presentation. Hutchison also provides information on Lazear's college career.

Davis informs Hench that he will unable to attend the ceremony honoring Hench.

Brewer requests a photograph of Hench to help publicize the presentation of Hench's honorary degree.

Brewer requests a photograph of Hench for publicity purposes.

Brewer requests a copy of Hench's speech for publication in newspapers.

Hench informs Brewer that he will send him a photograph for publicity use.

Sue sends Hench her congratulations and says she will attend the Washington and Jefferson College exercises.

Brewer requests a copy of Hench's speech for newspaper release.

This is the honorary degree of Doctor of Science conferred upon Hench by Washington and Jefferson College.

Arnett congratulates Hench on his honorary degree and hopes to visit him in Rochester.

Brewer requests that [Hench?] complete the biographical questionnaire for the Washington and Jefferson Alumni catalogue.

McClain encloses a receipt for the amounts given to Washington and Jefferson College as gifts during the year 1940.

Harwick comments on Hench's annual report. Hench will continue working on experimental jaundice and researching the history of yellow fever.

Hench asks Reed's permission to show Laura Wood Roper copies of Walter Reed's letters.

Hench describes his yellow fever research and his speech at the unveiling of the Cornwell painting, suggesting that Fishbein might be interested in publishing the speech, perhaps including a reproduction of the painting, in the journal "Hygeia."

White informs Hench that he knew Reed and Carroll well and was the anesthetist for Reed's last operation. He believes Carroll's mosquito bite was accidental, not experimental. White encloses a manuscript characterizing the two men and describing Reed's operation.

[White] describes Reed and Carroll, both of whom he knew personally, and describes Reed's appendix operation. [White] administered the anesthetic for the operation.

Wood comments on Kelly's implication that Reed had difficulty getting Army approval to go to Johns Hopkins. She has been told that a medical officer in the Navy is also writing about Reed.

Dampf inquires about obtaining a copy of Cornwell's painting to show to his students. He comments on Hench's "Conquerors of Yellow Fever" article.

Hoffmann requests copies of the Cornwell painting to distribute to tropical disease specialists. He describes his years of yellow fever research and comments on the dangers of epidemic that still exist.

Kellogg sends Hench a proof of a Cornwell painting of McDowell, and tells him of a forthcoming Wyeth booklet that will present and describe all four Cornwell paintings, including "The Conquerors of Yellow Fever."

In this speech, given at the University of Virginia, Hench discusses Reed's yellow fever experiments and his own re-discovery of the actual site of Camp Lazear. The manuscript contains handwritten revisions by Moran and typed additions by Hench.

Atch Hench describes a book by Josiah Gorgas that he has sent to his brother as a Christmas gift. He also relates family and professional news.

Hench discusses, in detail, his trip to Cuba. He writes that Moran and Nogueira were of great help to him. Moran stated that he was the first to volunteer for the experiments. Hench describes his visit to Camp Lazear, the Finca San Jose, Camp Columbia, Las Animas Hospital, General Wood's old headquarters, the site of the 1901 Pan-American Medical Congress, Finlay's home, and the Finlay Institute.

Law reports that the Wyeth company is cooperating with the Hall of Fame. He inquires about the possibility of a residency position at the Mayo Clinic for a young doctor whom he has sponsored.

Hench thanks Law for providing the inserts of Cornwell's painting for the Hall of Fame celebration. He says the Mayo Foundation has 600 fellows - rather than the normal 350 fellows - due to men returning from the war, and thus fellowships are very competitive.

Lyons returns material on loan from Hench for the Hall of Fame ceremony. She also sends copies of other material which might prove useful for Hench's book.

Hench sends Jacobson information regarding Reed's early career. He also refers him to Laura Wood's book.

Jacobson writes that he would be delighted to receive photographs of Reed's Brooklyn Hospital diplomas for inclusion in an article and in an exhibit at the hospital.

Rodriguez Leon would like her father's papers returned to her because she has promised them for a permanent exhibit. She believes that the data shows her father, Agramonte, was in Havana at the time of Lazear's death.

Hench continues his critique of Standlee's manuscript on Walter Reed, making detailed observations based on his research into the yellow fever experiments.

McEwen comments on Hench's telegram message for the New York University College of Medicine ceremony honoring Walter Reed.

Hench is concerned about his responsibilities connected with the Congress on Nutrition and Vitaminology in Havana. He has received conflicting information regarding dates and paper submissions.

Lappage informs Hench that there will be receptions on January 23 and January 24.

Hench informs Lappage that he has completed his reading copy for the Congress on Nutrition and Vitaminology lecture, but that it requires editing before publication.

Lappage requests that Hench edit the final draft of his speech and mail it to her.

Tocantins notes Finlay's connection with Jefferson Medical College.

[Hench] discusses his experiences in visiting sites where outstanding medical developments took place or where famous individuals lived or are buried. He includes an account of the yellow fever experiments. The speech was given at the New Fellows Banquet at the Mayo Foundation House.