Andrus answers questions about Ames and mentions the kindness of Lambert.

Courtesy of U.S. Army Medical Museum

In this pamphlet published for the American Museum of Natural History, Peabody discusses the history of yellow fever, the yellow fever experiments in Cuba, and the later history of the yellow fever heroes of 1900. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

This manuscript discusses Walter Reed's yellow fever experiments in Cuba and provides letters written by Reed.

Reed reminisces about her father and includes letters written by her father to her mother. [Hench] notes inconsistencies with her transcriptions and the originals in the margins.

Carter writes about the Public Health Service, his children, and his health.

Photo by US Army Signal Corps.

On The Yellow Malignant Fever

This is a highly detailed map of Havana, Cuba.

Reed informs Lawrence that he is studying for the Medical Corps exam. He describes the exam, and offers his opinion of social engagements.

Reed expresses his love for his dispersed family, and notes that it has been one year since he met her. Reed will delay taking his medical exam.

Reed writes that he misses her. Reed's step-mother is in Norfolk and may visit Murfeesboro - Emilie Lawrence's hometown. He has received his commission from Army Medical Corps.

This series of endorsements by the Surgeon General and Secretary of War requests that Reed be assigned to a military post on the Atlantic Coast. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed signs an Oath of Office after being appointed to Assistant Surgeon in the Military Services of the United States. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Byrne informs the Surgeon General that Reed will be assigned to Willets Point for instruction in the duties of a medical officer. Following instruction, a report is to be sent to the Military Division of the Atlantic. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed informs Emilie Lawrence that he has light military duties and an easy command as a medical officer at Willets Point U.S. Army base. He misses her.

Reed misses Emilie Lawrence. He offers a prayer to his deceased natural mother. He also discusses various topics, including medical treatments, a Catholic service, French lessons, and reading.

The Army post expects a visit from Gen. William T. Sherman and the Secretary of War. Reed anticipates his upcoming marriage to Emilie Lawrence.

Quarantine Precautions Against Yellow Fever

Camp Father Mathew, in Memphis, Tenn., During the Yellow Fever Epidemic

Reed arrives at Fort Apache. He describes his house, and relays news of their friends. He studies Spanish.

Reed describes a carriage ride. He responds to a letter from Emilie Lawrence Reed, giving her financial advice and offering news of acquaintances.

Reed has heard no word from Emilie Lawrence Reed regarding a necklace he sent her. He studies Spanish, and will take the medical exam when he returns. He gives news of the post commissary and their acquaintances.

Photo by US Army Signal Corps

Lazear writes about a long hiking trip and the Alsace-Lorraine.

Sternberg wants Reed to be examined for promotion by the Board of Medical Officers.

Reed inquires about his father's health, and speaks briefly of politics and his busy work schedule. [Courtesy of the Library of Virginia]

Photo by US Army Signal Corps

Sternberg reports on the prevalence of yellow fever in Cuba. He relates the history of yellow fever epidemics, and provides statistics on yellow fever throughout Cuba.

Patton, on behalf of the Louisiana State Board of Health, thanks the U.S. Marine Hospital Service for their assistance in stamping out yellow fever at Camp Fontaine Bleau and McHenry.

On behalf of the city of New Orleans, Souchon thanks Carter for his assistance.

Photo by US Army Signal Corps.

Wood regrets missing a visit with Reed before leaving Washington for Cuba. He has seen Reed's son in Havana and reports that he is doing well.

Wyman places Carter in charge of all quarantine matters in Cuba, except for the province of Santiago.

Carter discusses quarantine and maritime sanitation in Cuba. Carter has already had yellow fever, so he does not fear infection.

Wyman issues new orders to Carter, making him the quarantine officer at the port of Havana.

Carter discusses his public health work in Cuba. He comments on the American presence in Cuba.

In a Yellow-fever Camp: How the Pestilence Made Its Presence Known in Siboney---The American Hospital Tents in the Mountains--A Brave Physician and His Scanty Equipment

Reed writes that he misses her and that he is imagining how beautiful things are back at home. He mentions the Dreyfuss Affair and says the journalists believe France is close to revolution.

This Act increases the pension provided to Mabel Lazear.

Connor describes the progress against yellow fever in Mexico. He would like to have Carter's yellow fever articles translated into Spanish.

Andrus describes the work of the Yellow Fever Board and his role as a volunteer. He provides exacting lists of his fellow volunteers and their cases of yellow fever.

This draft of Wood's biography of Walter Reed was written for young readers and was eventually published by Julian Messner, Inc.

This partial manuscript of Moran's autobiography describes his early life, military career, service as a sanitary inspector under Gorgas in Panama, marriage, and business ventures. He discusses his relationship with Hench and their search for the actual site of Camp Lazear, as well as the difficulties stemming from the Reed-Finlay controversy. The section of the draft covering the yellow fever experiments is missing.

Emilie Lawrence Reed provides information on Walter Reed's favorite pet and her family life for Kelly.

Kissinger describes the yellow fever experiments and comments on the men involved. He also describes the experience of suffering from yellow fever and the treatment for the disease. Kissinger remarks on inaccuracies in the play "Yellow Jack." He maintains that he volunteered before Moran.

This map shows the area around Camp Columbia, Cuba.

This list gives names and salaries.

This document describes items related to yellow fever in detail; including letters, reports, medical charts, medals, artifacts, books, photographs, interview transcripts, magazines, and sketches.

Booth writes to Kelly regarding efforts to secure a pension for Kissinger.

Peabody discusses yellow fever work dating back to 1897, with particular emphasis on the work done in Cuba, in 1900 and 1901, by Reed and the Yellow Fever Commission.

The report describes efforts to pass a Congressional bill honoring the yellow fever volunteers and securing pensions.

Dr. Carter Off Today

This editorial lauds Carroll's achievements and supports the funding of a pension for his widow.

This is a series of partial manuscripts detailing the yellow fever experiments. Topics include the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor, Moran's role in the experiments, the controversy concerning Reed's and Finlay's contributions to the conquest of yellow fever, and Moran's experiences at the University of Virginia.

The Virginia Board of Health will have control over all impounded waters in matters affecting public health.

This Florida ordinance forbids untreated water collection, specifies treatments for collected water, and permits inspection and charges for violations.

The writer believes Cuba should not be quarantined until yellow fever appears again.

Carter discusses ways to modify a pond in order to minimize mosquito infestation.

This map shows a section of Panama City and highlights various businesses.

To Be Named in Honor of Dr. Lazear

Progress at the Hopkins

Five New Cases in Cienfuegos

Cabrera writes about the history of the Pedroso Palace in Havana, Cuba.

Von Mansfelde writes that he is eager to see that Carroll and Lazear receive due credit for their yellow fever work.

Would Honor Dr. Reed

Trinity Hall Closing Day - Tablet Unveiled in Memory of the Late Jesse William Lazear, M.D.

Heroism in Medical Investigation

Hanson writes about the reason for coming to Peru, the conditions found on his arrival, and the difficulties encountered. He discusses the various diseases identified and the causes of the general sanitary problems. Hanson presents remedies for the present conditions and discusses the possibility of the public and the Peruvian government accepting foreign aide.

Notes on Carroll's typhoid fever experiments in 1904.

The writer offers a political explanation for Ross's actions.

This obituary encourages friends and admirers of the late Jesse Lazear to contribute to a fund for a Memorial in his name.

Typed notes [by Philip S. Hench?] on James Carroll's typhoid fever experiments in 1904.

Lazear is ordered to report to Tampa, Florida, for transfer to Columbia Barracks, Cuba.

Cuban Investigator Victim of His Investigations

Lazear describes his domestic arrangements and gives his opinion on the Cuban political situation.

Lazear provides his impressions of Cuba.

Lazear writes that he will assist Reed in an investigation of a disinfectant. He offers his opinion on the political situation in Cuba.

Louise Kean writes about family news and political intrigue in Marianao. She comments on Cuban politics.

Louise Kean mentions a mutiny on the Sedgewick and a reception for Senators at the governor's palace. Either Jefferson Randolph Kean or Gorgas will be named Chief Surgeon of the Department.

Reed mentions the Surgeon General was disgusted with actions by DeWitt and Gorgas. Reed congratulates [Kean] on becoming Chief Sanitary Officer of Havana. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Lazear writes about his living arrangements and his laboratory. He discusses the political situation in Cuba.

Carter describes his life in Cuba. He discusses the Cuban-American political situation.

Von Mansfelde informs Mabel Lazear that the annuity bill has passed the House.

Lazear writes about family plans for the summer. He is pleased to be named a member of a board to study infectious diseases, headed by Walter Reed.

Will Study Fever

Reed provides a description of his quarters at Camp Columbia and relates the typical schedule of his day. He laments the lack of rain for Emilie Lawrence Reed's garden. He discusses finances and political trouble in China.

Lazear reports that his wife has been hospitalized.

Lazear writes about his travels to other posts to gather statistics.

Lazear describes a trip to Pinar del Rio. Mabel Lazear has had a long hospital stay.

Lazear reports that United States Army troops have been withdrawn from Guanajay and Pinar del Rio, although the United States will remain in Cuba for several years until a stable government is established. Lazear hopes to have work in Washington after the Cuban research is finished.

Kean discusses the responsibilities of his new position as part of the Cuban government. He mentions his son and a visit to the Governor's palace.

Dr. J.W. Lazear Is Dead

Grateful Nation Pensions Widows of Fever Martyrs

Dr. Jesse W. Lazear Dies in Havana

Dr. J.W. Lazear Is Dead

Lazear Obituary

The Summons of Death

This is an obituary for Jesse Lazear.

Ludlow defends his position against Wood's charges of concealing facts about yellow fever in Havana. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Wood describes Lazear's infection and death, and advocates for a pension for Mabel Lazear.

This article, which appeared in the "St. Louis Medical Review," discusses the transmission of yellow fever via mosquitos.

Wood lauds the work that Lazear did and praises him as a martyr.

Reed describes his voyage to Cuba. He also comments on the upcoming presidential election in the United States.

Reed remarks on Bryan's defeat in the United States presidential election. He describes various people at the camp. He discusses his work on yellow fever, including the possibility of human experimentation.

Lambert informs Truby that he has tried to gain recognition as a nurse for the experimental yellow fever cases. He explains the reasons why he thinks he should be included.

Morris reports that he will investigate what money may be due Mabel Lazear for Lazear's army services.

Lawrence Reed gives post news and notes Truby's comments concerning the yellow fever experiments. He inquires if she will visit at Christmas. He turns twenty-three tomorrow.

Reed announces the first proven case of yellow fever from a mosquito bite. The diagnosis of the case will be tested by experts.

The Johns Hopkins Hospital trustees petition Congress for a pension for Mabel Lazear.

Mattingly acknowledges receiving Kean's note of purchases.

Reed mentions the sixth case of experimental yellow fever, and that volunteers have gone thirty-five days without contracting yellow fever in the infected clothing test. He describes the condition of a yellow fever case and an experiment with blood injection.

This bill would award a pension to Mabel Lazear.

Reed discusses the army reorganization bill. He has finished his paper and remarks that the last experimental yellow fever cases are recovering.

Reed teases Emilie Lawrence Reed. He will be leaving for Cuba in a week. Lawrence Reed's battalion has been ordered to move, either to the United States or to the Philippines, and he mentions that Lawrence has a Cuban girlfriend.

Reed describes the triumph of the Yellow Fever Commission's work, and a Congressional resolution of appreciation.

Howard reports that he has lobbied Congress to acknowledge Lazear's service. He believes Lazear was a martyr.

Reed arrives in Washington. He discusses an article for the Journal of the American Medical Association and comments on the editor's changes. No promotion for Carroll is forthcoming.

Our Duty in Cuba

The Questions of the Day

On behalf of the Department of State, Hay requests two copies of Sternberg's circular on yellow fever for the Portuguese Minister.

Board Says Caldas Serum Is Failure

Kean encourages Reed to lobby for the office of Surgeon General.

Reed relays news of additional candidates for Surgeon General. He believes Kean should be Surgeon General instead of himself because he is concerned about his age.

Proposing strategy to advance Reed's candidacy for Surgeon General; Results of Carroll's experiments - organism passes through filter; includes typescript of article from the Army and Navy Journal in favor of Reed's promotion.

Kean offers Reed continued encouragement and strategy for the Surgeon General's post.

Mabel Lazear writes about family news. She reports that she has been lobbying for her pension.

Wood advocates a pension for Mabel Houston Lazear.

Osler writes that he will help secure Mabel Lazear's pension.

[Kean?] comments on the paucity of public praise that Reed has received. He maintains that his work should be recognized by the United States government, and ends with a call for a generous pension to Emilie Lawrence Reed.

Root credits major figures in the fight against yellow fever and requests that higher ranks be given to them. He reports that a battery at Fort Howard in Baltimore has been named “Battery Lazear.” [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

The report recognizes the work of Reed, Gorgas, Kean, Carroll, and Lazear.

Conquest Of Yellow Five

This report contains extracts and resolutions honoring Walter Reed furnished by various individuals and institutions.

This testimonial supports a petition to Congress for a pension for Mabel Lazear.

Kean discusses La Garde's and Havard's candidacy for Surgeon General. There is a question of General Wood's support.

Houston provides news of Mabel Lazear and her children, as well as the effort to secure a pension for her.

Kahn writes that he will assist with Mabel Lazear's pension.

Houston provides news of Mabel Lazear and the children, as well as the pension efforts.

Mabel Lazear provides news of the children. She has received supportive letters and is still campaigning for her pension.

Kean provides news concerning the Surgeon General position. He has had a conversation with General Wood. Reed should return to Cuba.

Mabel Lazear writes with news of the children. She also discusses her efforts regarding the pension as well as Lazear Memorial efforts.

Mabel Lazear provides family news. Her pension bill needs only the president's signature to become official.

Mabel Lazear thanks Sweitzer for corsets she had sent. She provides news of her children, and says her pension bill has passed the House and the Senate.

Houston provides family news. She discusses letters of congratulation for the passage of the pension bill.

The Largest Military Post in the Island of Cuba

Cortelyou sends endorsements from the President concerning Reed succeeding Sternberg as the Surgeon General. The President also mentions O'Reilly. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Root acknowledges receipt of Martin's recommendation for the nomination of Reed to the position of Surgeon General. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed asks for news of Keewaydin. He and Kean continue the campaign for Surgeon General.

Root acknowledges receipt of recommendations from the Faculty of Medicine at Harvard University for the nomination of Reed to the position of Surgeon General. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed meets Kean. Reed hopes to get to Blue Ridge Summit (Keewaydin)soon. He describes boarding house meals.

Root acknowledges receipt of Welch's recommendation for the nomination of Reed to the position of Surgeon General. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Reed writes that the boarding house fare has improved, though the coffee is still not good. Forwood tells Reed that his chances are excellent for a permanent appointment to be the Surgeon General.

Reed writes that he is returning to Cuba, and includes other political news about those who are candidates for Surgeon General. He says Roach's orchards are alive with locusts and expresses concern.

Major Walter Reed Dead

The Late Major Walter Reed

A World Benefactor

Kean discusses a strategy to lobby Congress to approve a pension for Emilie Lawrence Reed.

Wood lobbies for a pension for Lazear's widow.

This document concerns the work of Walter Reed.

In Behalf of Mrs. Reed

Scientists Urge a Pension

A preamble to the bill about to be presented to Congress grants Emilie Lawrence Reed a yearly pension of $4,000. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Kean solicits support for pension bills in Congress. He discusses biographical essays on Walter Reed by himself and Kelly.

Vaughan requests that a letter in support of the pension bill be sent to the Washington Post.

These endorsements from the Surgeon General's Office regard the audit of Walter Reed following his death and requests for Reed's photograph and service record. The endorsements are dated January 16, 1903 through October 12, 1903. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Walker requests a statement of service regarding Reed. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Dr. Reed's Great Work

Corbin sends a statement of military service of Reed to the Committee on Pensions regarding Senate Bill #6702. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Kean encourages Kelly to support the pension bill with a letter to the Washington Post.

Mrs. Reed's Pension Indorsed.

Pension for Mrs. Reed

The Auditor for the War Department requests a statement of military service for Reed. They are deciding if Reed is accountable for medical property. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Gorgas requests Mabel Lazear's opinion on raising a subscription for her benefit. He reports that Emilie Lawrence Reed was just granted a pension. He expresses his admiration for Lazear.

Tablet Unveiling

Gorgas hires Moran as sanitary inspector for the Panama Canal Zone.

The President of Panama, Manuel Amador Guerrero, invests the Canal Zone Sanitary Officer with full sanitary authority for Panama City and Colon.

Walker relates the terms of Moran's appointment to the sanitary staff of the Panama Canal Zone.

Moran is appointed clerk in the Canal Zone Health Department.

Blake discusses ancient theories involving yellow fever and mosquitoes.

Gorgas writes about his own work with the Canal Zone Sanitary Commission.

This report was prepared for the Smithsonian Institution and includes autographed notes.

Mason reports on the Panama Canal Zone Sanitary Department activities with appendices: A - plan of action; B - departmental organization; C - free distribution of quinine.

Gorgas writes to Reed concerning the organization of the Canal Zone Sanitary Department, and details problems in its function. Memorandum details the problems in the Panama Canal.

On behalf of the U.S. Navy Department, Morton expresses gratitude to Carter for his efforts in tending to the yellow fever outbreak on board the U.S.S. Boston.

Taylor encloses a letter thanking Carter for his attention to the yellow fever outbreak on board the U.S.S. Boston.

Carroll presents a chronology of Walter Reed's involvement with the Yellow Fever Commission. Carroll gives his own autobiography and provides information on the other participants in the study.

Taft details the requirements for the completion of the Panama Canal and the need to reorganize the Canal Commission.

Roosevelt reorganizes the Panama Canal Commission.

Gorgas responds to criticisms of Charles A. Reed. He presents an analysis of the Canal Zone Commission organization.

Magoon writes about yellow fever cases in the Canal Zone. He makes an official offer of full financial and manpower support for Gorgas to eradicate the disease.

Smith congratulates Carter for his promotion.

Windsor Mill Place

This report establishes that the Army General Hospital in the District of Columbia be named the Walter Reed United States Army General Hospital, in honor of Reed.

This copy of Kelly's Reed biography is a 1906 first edition published by McClure, Phillips & Co. of New York. It was owned by Philip Hench, and contains autograph notes by him and others, mostly commenting on information believed to be in error. In addition to presenting a detailed biography of Reed, Kelly discusses at length the history of yellow fever, research on the disease, and the work of the Reed Yellow Fever Commission and its members. The book features several photographs of Reed, other members of the commission, and Cuban experimental sites.

Gorgas offers his opinion on the organization of the Sanitary Department in the Canal Zone. He also comments on his candidacy for the office of Surgeon General.

O'Reilly responds to Sterling's request for information about the career and promotion of Walter Reed. There is also concern about the article “The Public's Forgetfulness” which will be forwarded to the President. The record card is dated from May 5, 1906 to August 15, 1906.[Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Thayer requests the names and ages of the two Lazear children for further pension efforts.

This article, which appeared in "Outlook," deals with Kelly's biography of Walter Reed.

Gorgas writes about his reconciliation with Magoon, remarking that Magoon will probably recommend him as his successor in Panama. He also comments on the state of disease in Panama, noting that pneumonia remains primary problem.

Gorgas discusses career and salary issues and concerns. Gorgas supports James Carroll for the Nobel Prize.

Kean argues that Carroll deserves more recognition for his service. The last page includes Kelly's reply, dated September 10, 1906. Kelly writes that he will help to secure cooperation of Congressmen and write an article in support of Congressional action on behalf of the survivors and their families.

[Gorgas] writes about political maneuverings for staff appointments and promotions, and recognition for James Carroll.

Taft is anxious for Finlay to work with Jefferson Randolph Kean on stamping out yellow fever in Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Taft writes that Kean has been detailed to assist Finlay in stamping out yellow fever in Cuba.

Kean writes his first letter home to his wife after his arrival in Cuba. He describes where he is living and how he has set up his office, as well as sends greetings from many of their acquaintances living in Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Walter Reed Memorial

These minutes include a discussion of the failure of Congress to pass a bill to provide financial relief to James Carroll's family.

Wilson writes to the Editor concerning the situation of Kissinger. She hopes that something can be done for him.

Roosevelt advocates establishment of peace and order in Cuba, and rejects the idea of a U.S. protectorate there. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

This report concerns James Carroll.

Stewart praises Kelly's book. He suggests corrections for clarification, and notes that he would emphasize the role of the Public Health Service.

Mabel Lazear sympathizes with Carroll over his lack of pension, noting how difficult it was for her to receive support. She comments on Mansfelde's effort regarding credit due Lazear.

Fulton encloses an editorial proof from the Maryland Medical Journal in support of the Carroll pension bill.

Von Mansfelde comments on the work of Lazear and Carroll regarding the Yellow Fever Commission. He believes that Mabel Lazear and James Carroll should receive the same pension as Emilie Lawrence Reed.

O'Reilly informs Meade that the Walter Reed Memorial Fund has increased Emilie Lawrence Reed's pension, that James Carroll has been promoted to Major, and that Mabel H. Lazear has been minimally compensated for her husband's work. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Kissinger thanks Kelly for his financial support.

Dean writes about the financial and physical condition of Kissinger (a yellow fever experiment patient) and discusses a pension bill for him in Congress.

Watson writes that the New York Merchants' Association wants to work for a pension increase for her. He believes Lazear's work has been slighted.

Mead requests a financial statement so that he can continue working to increase her pension.

Watson writes about work to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

Watson writes that he is trying to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

The Kissingers thank Kelly for his continued support.

Winifred Lyster sends a contribution for Kissinger.

A Hero from the Ranks

The article, which appeared in "Outlook," outlines Kissinger's contribution to the yellow fever work and appeals for financial contributions for his care.

Christensen sends a contribution for Kissinger.

Minturn sends a contribution for Kissinger.

Getman sends a contribution for Kissinger.

This is a typed copy of a correspondence from July 6, 1907, but includes a financial statement at the bottom of the letter not contained in the original autograph version.

La Nacionalizacion de los Servicios Sanitarios.

San Magoon - El que Todo lo Puede.

Gould sends a contribution for Kissinger.

The mayor of Cienfuegos announces, in light of an outbreak of yellow fever, that all water containers must be brought up to code within 48 hours.

Denby makes a contribution to the fund for Kissinger. As a member of Congress, he offers to introduce a bill in the House of Representatives. Included at the end of the letter is a reply from [Kelly] to Denby, on September 4, 1907, thanking him for his contribution.

Questions of the Day

Washington Gets Magoon's Report

The Zeal and Efficiency Shown by Our Medical Officers

Magoon Will Issue Sanitary Decree

Decree Nationalizing Sanitation in Cuba

National Sanitation - Some Objections.

On Cuban Sanitation.

Von Mansfelde informs Mabel Lazear that Carroll has died. He discusses work to increase her pension.

Carroll thanks Kelly for his letter of sympathy. She will loan him a photograph of her late husband.

The Kissingers thank Kelly for his financial support. John Kissinger does not regret taking part in the experiment.

Cushing writes about plans to speak at a meeting in support of Jennie Carroll.

Booth writes to Kelly regarding efforts to secure a pension for Kissinger.

King honors Carroll and others. He lays emphasis on his contribution to national health. He supports a pension.

Arnold defends the reputation of Ross.

Donnally thanks Kelly for his fairness to Carroll.

Kelly discusses Denby's offer to initiate a pension bill for Kissinger.

Ida Kissinger thanks Kelly for his financial support and notes that John Kissinger's health fails him at times.

King responds to questions regarding publications of the Philosophical Society. He makes reference to a Smithsonian Institution report.

Denby discusses strategy for introducing the pension bill for Kissinger.

Finlay discusses the creation and function of the Superior Board of Health, which included establishing new sanitary ordinances. He continues by discussing the two most severe outbreaks of disease in Cuba since 1901: smallpox and yellow fever. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Lopez del Valle reports on the duties of the National Sanitary Board, which required all the local sanitary offices to submit to new rules of operation. He goes into great detail about all the various sanitary methods used throughout Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean sends Magoon the report of the Chief Sanitary Officer of Cuba for the past year and comments extensively on sanitation and the yellow fever.

[Latimer] thanks Denby for his efforts regarding the Kissinger pension bill.

Are Our Heroes of Peace Neglected?

Von Mansfelde requests a copy of the program for the Carroll Memorial Dinner and a copy of the letter von Mansfelde wrote Kelly regarding Carroll's promotion. Von Mansfelde adds that he is continuing to work for pensions for the widows of Lazear and Carroll.

Von Mansfelde discusses his work to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

Mead, on behalf of the Merchants' Association of New York, expresses support for the Carroll and Lazear pension bills.

Ida Kissinger discusses John Kissinger's pension and thanks Kelly.

Kean discusses the present sanitary conditions in Cuba. He states that there has been a breakdown in sanitary procedures since the American withdrawal and recommends that local sanitation boards be abolished in favor of a National Sanitary Board. Kean writes that yellow fever is moving out to rural areas, instead of concentrating in urban centers. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

[Latimer] notes that Kissinger already receives a small annual pension.

This bill grants a pension to Mabel Lazear.

Von Mansfelde writes about his work to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

This is a bill for Mabel Lazear's pension. It credits Lazear with discovering the theory of mosquito transmission of yellow fever.

The writer acknowledges the receipt of a letter concerning Kissinger's pension increase. Kelly awaits instructions for further assistance.

Hill comments on a strategy to lobby Congress for pension bills.

Dalzell will support an increase in Mabel Lazear's pension.

Booth notes the actions taken for Kissinger's pension and her attentions to the Kissinger family.

Denby inquires about Kissinger's existing pension.

The Merchants' Association of New York will work to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

Von Mansfelde writes that he is working to increase Mabel Lazear's pension.

Mead writes about work to increase the pensions for the families of Lazear and Carroll.

Thomas Lazear provides family news, and details pending action on the pension increase.

Photo by US Army Signal Corps.

Von Mansfelde details his political maneuvering to get the pension bill passed.

This circular relates Lazear's role in the yellow fever research.

Mabel Lazear explains the breadth of support for her annuity from various groups.

This list supplies the names of the members of the Committee on Pensions who might favorably view Mabel Lazear's request for an annuity.

This pamphlet contains letters bearing on yellow fever conditions in Cuba.

This bill grants an annuity to Mabel Lazear.

The pension voted by Congress for Mabel Lazear is being opposed by a member of the Reparations Committee. Williams requests help in pressuring the committee in her favor.

Grateful Nation Pensions Widows of Fever Martyrs

This is an incomplete, hand-corrected draft of an obituary of James Carroll, written for the Washington Academy of Sciences.

Mead provides an update on the bill in the House of Representatives and the Senate to grant a pension to Mabel Lazear.

Mead discusses a memorandum for President Roosevelt concerning support for the beneficiaries of the Yellow Fever Commission.

Von Mansfelde sends Mabel Lazear an update on preparations to pass a bill to support the widows and children of the Yellow Fever Commission.

Price requests that Kelly make a deposition in support of a pension for Jennie Carroll.

Kean cites a lack of support for sanitary measures by the Cuban authorities, and an increase in the incidence of yellow fever. He requests assignment of another medical officer to his staff.

The Provisional Governor of Cuba grants Kean's request for another medical officer.

Von Mansfelde reports that the Senate Committee on Pensions voted favorably on the Lazear and Carroll pension bills. The House committee members also support the measure.

Von Mansfelde writes that politics are involved in procuring passage of the pension bills.

William Lazear writes about buying skates, and Mabel Lazear informs Sweitzer that she is awaiting news on a possible increase in her pension.

The Committee on Pensions reports on a possible increase in the pensions of Jennie Carroll and Mabel Lazear.

Mead reports that the bill passed by the Senate will grant pensions to the widows of Lazear and Carroll.

Welch sends Mabel Lazear a check from Phipps. Welch hopes that the pension increase will pass the House.

Mabel Lazear writes that the pension bill has passed the Senate. She also relates family news.

Pillsbury writes to Senator Perkins in support of a pension increase for Mabel Lazear.

Pillsbury informs Mabel Lazear that he supports her pension and encloses a copy of the letter he sent to Senators Perkins and Flint.

Pillsbury informs Mabel Lazear that the members of the House of Representatives from California will do all they can to pass the Senate pension bill.

Thomas Lazear writes about the difficulties in passing a pension bill on behalf of the families of Carroll and Lazear.

Mead discusses the pension bills before Congress.

The Merchants' Association informs Mabel Lazear that the annuity bill passed the Senate by unanimous consent, but still needs the president's signature.

O'Reilly confirms that his office has no objection to the approval of a bill that proposes increasing the pensions being provided for Jennie Carroll and Mabel H. Lazear. The letter is accompanied by a partial copy of Report No. 431 of the 60th Congress, which specifies the rationale for the proposed bill. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Mead informs Mabel Lazear that the Dalzell Bill has passed both the Senate and the House.

The Bill awards pensions to Jennie Carroll and Mabel Lazear from the War Department in recognition of their husbands' service in the yellow fever work.

This is a draft of the bill granting annuities to Jennie Carroll and Mabel Lazear.

Von Mansfelde writes that the president supports the annuity bill.

The Merchants' Association informs Mabel Lazear that the president has signed the annuity bill.

Von Mansfelde informs Mabel Lazear that the president has signed the annuity bill.

Thomas Lazear writes that Representative Dalzell guided the pension bill through the House.

Thomas Lazear informs Mabel Lazear that the annuity bill has passed.

The Paymaster General of the Army designates a payment schedule for the annuity of Mabel Lazear.

Magoon urges Amesse to support an end to the quarantine of Cuba, arguing that there is no danger to the United States.

Agramonte describes his role with the Yellow Fever Commission. Included are autograph notes by Truby and Hench.

Sanitation in Cuba

The Chief Sanitary Officer details actions taken to prevent yellow fever.

Gorgas writes to O'Reilly concerning the administrative reorganizations in the Panama Canal Zone. He offers a political analysis of the situation.

Thomason discusses a yellow fever patient, Manuel Casas.

The New Quarantine

Kean protests against the American quarantine of all Cuban ports.

Ernst seeks advice on the status of the Carnegie Hero Fund application for Kissinger.

Barnet comments on the effectiveness of the National Sanitary Service, the problems of quarantine, and the general improvement of sanitary standards within Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean submits the report of the National Sanitary Department, and states that yellow fever is presently exterminated throughout Cuba. Kean, however, claims that the U.S. is too harsh with the quarantine regulations imposed upon Cuba. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

The report concludes that improved sanitation efforts between 1906 and 1909 left Cuba entirely free of yellow fever. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Magoon discusses the creation of the Nationalized Sanitary Department, which has caused the final extinction of yellow fever. He also mentions the violation of the quarantine restrictions by the United States. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

This article, appearing in the "Journal of the American Medical Association," makes an appeal for monetary contributions to James Carroll's surviving family.

[Kean] informs Ellis about the military service of John R. Kissinger and gives details of Kissinger's participation in the yellow fever experiments. Included is a note by Truby. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Gorgas would like Kean to inspect the hospitals in Panama in order to pass on recommendation to Torney so they can be used as instructional institutions. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

More Pension for Mrs. Reed

This extract, by Guiteras, discusses Finlay's work on yellow fever and his association with the U.S. Yellow Fever Commission.

Agramonte informs Kissinger that he has written to members of the United States Congress on his behalf.

This document describes in detail the appointment and work of the Yellow Fever Commission and includes an autographed note by Kean.

[Kean] gives a brief summary of conditions in Cuba before the arrival of the Yellow Fever Board. He provides an account of the activities of the Board, which ultimately shows the mosquito as the bearer of yellow fever. Included are notes by Truby.

This bill proposes a statue and tablet to honor the members of the Yellow Fever Commission.

Trying to Reward a Great Hero

Taylor writes that the mother of Clara Louise Maass is receiving a pension. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

This article deals with disease in the tropics.

This 250 page book includes chapters about Walter Reed as well as the publications of Reed and his associates, the publications of James Carroll, reports from the sanitary officers in Havana, Cuba, and directions for destroying mosquitoes. Published in Washington by the Government Printing Office, it includes illustrations, portraits, and diagrams. The book is autographed by Mrs. Walter Reed, Jefferson R. Kean, A. S. Pinto, L. O. Howard, Albert E. Truby, Mrs. Jesse Lazear, William H. Lazear, and A. Diaz Albertini. It is also autographed by John R. Kissinger, John J. Moran, John H. Andrus, James Leonard Hanberry and John R. Bullard, who served as volunteers for the U. S. Yellow Fever Commission's experiments in Cuba. Mrs. Walter Reed gave the book to Philip Showalter Hench who heavily annotated it.

Excerpts regard the publication of “Major Walter Reed and the Yellow Fever Commission - A Compilation.” The Smithsonian Institution requests photographs of Walter Reed. The record card is dated January 12, 1911 through September 12, 1911. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Report Says Arosemena Cannot Be Re-Elected [From the Henry Rose Carter Papers]

Argentine Would Accept John Ridgely Carter [From the Henry Rose Carter Papers]

Glennan confidentially informs Carter of a possible detail in Hawaii.

Raman Acevedo Dismissed as Chief of Cabinet [From the Henry Rose Carter Papers]

Carter discusses a possible assignment to Hawaii to Laura Armistead Carter. He also encloses newspaper clippings and letters.

Carter stresses to his daughter that every effort should be made to get her well. He also discusses his next foreign detail and how he will rise to the challenge.

Kean denies a rumor that he has been chosen to succeed General Torney. He informs Gorgas that the 10th Infantry has been ordered to Panama.

Carter informs Laura Armistead Carter that his departure date is still uncertain and encourages her to regain her health.

Carter delays his sailing date so that Laura Armistead Carter can remain in the hospital.

Strategy in application and nomination for Nobel Prize.

Kean discusses the sanitation efforts used to prevent yellow fever in Cuba from 1906 to 1909. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Latimer writes to Waterson regarding Kissinger's pension.

This is a detailed account of Carter's public health work and associated study of yellow fever.

Torney reports that Agramonte has requested that a statement published in the Yellow Fever Bureau Bulletin be corrected. Torney explains how he believes the apparent injustice occurred, and requests the correction on behalf of the Office of the Surgeon General.

Conquest of Yellow Fever

Blue assigns Carter to represent the Health Service at the Drainage Congress.

This bill recognizes the services of certain military officers of the Isthmian Canal Commission.

Rose and Gorgas discuss the relative severity of ankylostomiasis and malaria in Malaya, as well as plans to eradicate yellow fever worldwide.

This report recognizes officers whose work was instrumental in the construction of the Panama Canal.

Blue assigns Carter to investigate malaria in North Carolina.

Rose describes yellow fever trouble spots and eradication methods.

Blue assigns LePrince and Carter to investigate malarial conditions in South Carolina.

Blue requests Carter's opinion in regard to ordinances against mosquito propagation.

Blue orders Carter to proceed to South Carolina to confer with State Health officials.

Blue orders Carter to delay his investigation until the waters recede.

Blue orders Carter to lecture on yellow fever and malaria.

The writer discusses fish stocks in local reservoirs.

Blue directs Carter to inspect the waters around the Georgia-Carolina Power Plant.

Blue requests that Carter review a proposed law on mosquito control.

Carter discusses legislation designed to inhibit mosquito breeding.

Leidelin claims that he has successfully infected a guinea pig with yellow fever. He hopes to receive U.S. Public Health Service support.

Brown grants Carter permission to conduct a sanitary survey around the Coosa River.

Stimpson discusses Carter's expenses.

Blue orders Carter to investigate a fever outbreak in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Goethals provides Moran with a transcript of Moran's service record and acknowledges his resignation from the Health Department.

Blue informs Carter that he has been awarded a permanent commission as Assistant Surgeon-General in the Public Health Service.

[Carter] discusses a possible bill by Congress thanking Gorgas, Stevens and Goethals for their work.

This article, translated into English, addresses the involvement of the American Sanitary Commission in Central and South America, and the political ramifications of its actions.

The Commission of Fine Arts and the Chairman of the House Committee on the Library disapprove of the monument to Reed, Carroll, Lazear, and Agramonte. They suggest a memorial fountain instead. Included is a copy of Senate Bill #6067. [Courtesy of the National Archives and Records Administration]

Carter writes about his journey from Guayaquil, Peru and his future travel plans.

Carter writes that he has arrived at his destination safely and discusses yellow fever quarantine procedures.

Carter discusses needed mosquito-control work in Guayaquil and the endemic focus of yellow fever. He believes that the local population will cooperate, and so work should proceed. The city should be provided with a proper water supply to ensure continued success of the work.

Carter describes his trip from Peru to Colombia via the Panama Canal.

Carter reports on yellow fever in Colombia.

Carter provides his travel and work plans.

Stimpson discusses Carter's request for a leave of absence.

Carter writes to Bell that he will testify if he can get a leave of absence.

This documents surveys breeding areas at Camp Lee.

Glennan grants Carter permission to appear as a witness in South Carolina.

Blue orders Carter to assist U.S. Navy officials with mosquito control at Quantico, Virginia.

Blue orders Carter to attend the U.S. Public Health Bureau conference.

Blue directs Carter to Camp Meade, Maryland, in order to conduct a malaria survey.

Carter encloses his field notes about Camp Lee.

Blue writes that anti-malarial work in Newport News, Virginia, is to be continued under Griffitts. Carter is to inspect work at Quantico with LePrince.

Gorgas relays further information about the manning of ambulance sections in France. He mentions a possible misunderstanding between the French and American authorities.

Derivaux recommends utilizing Dr. Taylor for malaria prevention.

[Carter] believes it would be a mistake to place the U.S. Public Health Service under War Department control permanently, but agrees that temporary control would help the war effort.

Gorgas writes that he favors combining the U.S. Public Health Service and the War Department. Gorgas does not know if he will be retained after his retirement, although he looks forward to resuming yellow fever work after war.

Blue writes that he opposes War Department control of the U.S. Public Health Service.

J.H. Andrus Dies; Army Fever Hero

[Carter] wants to engage in yellow fever research once he is finished with his malaria work.

Rose informs Carter that the Rockefeller Foundation will continue to employ him for yellow fever work.

Carter requests permission to go to Guatemala with Gorgas for yellow fever work.

Carter reflects, at length, on his career in public medicine and his accomplishments.

Carter discusses increasing the grade and pay of junior health service officers.

Carter sends Perry suggestions for the Surgeon General on the administrative policy of the US Public Health Service, in regard to junior officers.

Carter suggests changes in the administrative policy of the US Public Health Service. He discusses regulations, examining boards, education of newly accepted candidates, examinations, specialization, rank, and compulsory waiting orders.

Carter sends Lavinder recommendations for revising regulations.

Carter requests an extension of his sick leave. He reports that he is able do paper work but not field work.

Carter writes that he would appreciate the Boy Scouts' help for malaria control.

This report details the Army's mosquito control operations around Camp Meade, Maryland.

Cumming requests that Carter undergo a physical examination.

Perry grants Carter a leave of absence.

Cumming grants Carter permission to attend the annual conference of health officers.

White certifies that Carter has immunity to yellow fever.

Carter returns unused government travel vouchers.

Carter writes about Gorgas and his own health. He is currently in Havana, Cuba.

To Fight Yellow Fever in Peru

The Acting Secretary informs Carter that he is being placed on waiting orders. He thanks Carter for his years of service.

[Welles] invites Carter to serve as an expert on tropical diseases for the Paraguayan government.

Carter writes about life in Peru and his field work. He discusses his health and financial matters as well.

Merrill discusses regulations under Federal Water Power Act.

This is an estimated budget for the sanitation campaign to eliminate yellow fever, prepared by Henry Hanson, the Director of the Sanitation Campaign. [in Spanish]

The report outlines special measures to screen passengers, including quarantine procedures and possible hospitalization.

These are Public Health Service specifications for impounded waters in malarial areas; autograph notes added.

Obregon establishes a commission under the International Health Board for yellow fever work in Mexico. Officers, administrative structure, and funding are specified.

Lyster requests Carter's comments on a circular for the fish campaign and on the Rockefeller Foundation's methods in the Latin American yellow fever campaigns.

Rose writes that yellow fever in Peru is controllable but may spread. Henry Rose Carter will stay if needed, but he is unfit for field work.

Carter writes about the funding of yellow fever work in Peru.

Hanson discusses outbreaks of yellow fever in Peru, and his dealings with the Peruvian government. He requests the use of International Health Board funding.

LePrince reports on the yellow fever situation in Mexico, where he is conducting mosquito experiments, as well as Griffitts' malaria control work in Alabama.

Hanson discusses funding issues and a recent yellow fever outbreak.

Vega informs Mitchel that he is unable to help Mitchel in regards to the Peruvian government.

Hanson discusses the spread of yellow fever in Peru, and the use of fish to control mosquitoes. He also discusses funding issues.

Connor discusses administrative issues related to the yellow fever work in Peru, mentioning Rose, Pareja and Hanson. He believes that Carter should not return to Peru, but rather should stay in the U.S.

Carter believes that yellow fever is still present in Africa. Carter would be willing to go to Africa as an adviser if he is physically able.

Hanson discusses financial affairs and describes various yellow fever cases.

The writer discusses the yellow fever situation and the economic ramifications of quarantines. Enclosed is a copy of a telegram to Hanson.

Hanson requests an increase of funds. He discusses his dealings with local authorities and steamship companies.

Hanson reports on yellow fever work in Peru and comments on his employees, interpersonal issues, funding, and problems with steamship companies.

Connor comments on Hanson's and Pareja's work in Peru. He also discusses issues related to yellow fever work in Mexico.

Hanson discusses funding and reports on yellow fever cases. He requests more inspectors.

This letter, originally sent by the prefect commander, details the difficulties and economic ramifications of quarantine operations.

Hanson criticizes Peruvian officials for undermining yellow fever work.

White reports that there is no yellow fever in Peru, but that it is vital to continue mosquito controls for a year.

Hanson reports on the yellow fever work in South America. He discusses the irregularity of mail, the effective use of fish for mosquito control, the yellow fever risk of Lima's poorer areas, and public health personnel. Hanson thanks the International Health Board for all of its support to the campaign.

In a report on the yellow fever work in Peru, Hanson discusses financial matters, correspondence received, the help extended by White and Carter, and manpower needs. Hanson declares the campaign is going well.

Read reports on new yellow fever cases in Central America, conditions in various areas in Mexico, and intensive control measures to reduce incidence of infection.

Hanson includes the names of medical personnel and the places he has inspected. He mentions the lack of cooperation from locals. He is considering a return to the U.S.

Hanson gives an account of his trip to Panama. He mentions a modification of quarantine process. He describes sanitary inspections to various regions of Peru [lists names of personnel]. He expresses concern about the government's funding of workers. The yellow fever campaign is going well, but vigilance is required.

Hanson discusses ways of converting funds into dollars. He reports on field work done by various experts. He mentions funding issues concerning the Peruvian government.

Read describes details of a field trip. She mentions the attitude of the laborers, noting that the military is needed to get work done. She discusses the prophylactic campaign initiative.

Hanson discusses a yellow fever outbreak in Trujillo. He mentions the difficulty of doing prophylactic work in Lima. He offers his opinions regarding a member of the Panama Canal Health Department and the Peruvian government.

Caldwell thanks Carter for his informative and invaluable lecture. He reports on field work, problems with local customs, and migrant workers' susceptibility to yellow fever.

Woodfall asks Carter to review the bill before Georgia Legislature regarding impounded waters.

Pierce writes that the Public Health Service seeks a high degree of excellence for all courses of instruction. Lecturers should be recognized leaders in their fields. Pierce asks Carter to prepare a statement on malaria and yellow fever.

Parker reports on a malaria survey in Texas. He describes campaign details. All towns show good results.

Hanson discusses funding and the use of fish in breeding areas. He lists the people in charge of various locations, and has hopes of soon eliminating yellow fever on the coast.

Hanson hopes that there will be no more yellow fever cases after the year 1921. He describes his field work in detail: the use of fish to combat mosquito breeding was very successful but the limited use of containers was difficult to enforce. He praises several inspectors for their good work.

Hanson refers to the Academy of Medicine meeting to study epidemics of yellow fever. He rebuts the contention of a Peruvian physician to the absence of yellow fever in the area, noting that the goal of the campaign is to insure against recurrence.

Hanson refutes Dr. Arces' theory that yellow fever does not exist in Peru. He expresses confidence in the work being done.

Fricks seeks Carter's advice on how to publish comprehensive malaria bulletin.

Pierce thanks Carter for his paper on yellow fever.

Carter writes to LePrince concerning three papers on water impoundment he gave to the U.S. Army Surgeon General.

Hanson reports on mosquito larvae studies in Peru. He also discusses, at length, administrative and political issues related to his work.

Comstock describes possible yellow fever cases to Howland. All involve foreigners in Brazil.

Connor recommends continued vigilance for at least six months after the last confirmed case of yellow fever. He discusses the political situation in Mexico, noting that the Tampico office is closing.

Hanson reports on the conclusion of the yellow fever campaign in Peru. He encourages Carter to file all his expense receipts since the exchange rate has improved.

Darnall requests information concerning Mabel Lazear's age, health, and finances.

Darnall requests that Mabel Lazear send information related to the annuity directly to the Surgeon General.

Hanson discusses the political situation in Peru and his difficulties in dealing with local authorities.

Caldwell agrees with Carter that there are no human carriers of yellow fever. He discusses, in detail, his field work in Mexico.

Hanson updates Carter on his search for material for Carter's yellow fever book. The Peruvian health authorities have suggested he stay after the end of campaign, but he is uncertain what he will do.

Anthony informs Mabel Lazear that the item covering her annuity has passed the House and the Senate.

[Mead] writes to Congressman Anthony in support of the continuation of Mabel Lazear's annuity.

[Mead] writes to Surgeon-General Ireland in support of the continuation of Mabel Lazear's annuity.

Mead sends Mabel Lazear copies of his letters to the Surgeon General and the Appropriations Subcommittee encouraging the continuation of her annuity.

Anthony thanks Mead for bringing to his attention the annuities of Mabel Lazear and Jennie Carroll.

Ireland agrees with Mead regarding the annuities of Mabel Lazear and Jennie Carroll.

Mead hopes that the annuities will continue as long as Mabel Lazear and Jennie Carroll are in need.

Mead thanks Anthony for his assistance in renewing Mabel Lazear's and Jennie Carroll's annuities.

Mead informs Mabel Lazear that items for the continuation of her annuity have passed both the House and the Senate.

Mabel Lazear expresses gratitude for what the Merchants' Association of New York has done for her.

Thayer offers Mabel Lazear his assistance if ever she needs it.

Caldwell reports on the Mexican yellow fever and antimalarial campaign, describing the cooperative efforts of the Mexicans and the Rockefeller Commission workers.

Caldwell discusses his work in Vera Cruz and neighboring areas.

Hazlehurst seeks Carter's advice on a draft of Regulations Governing the Impounding of Waters, which he is anxious to have passed by the State Board of Health.

Emilie Lawrence Reed seeks a pension increase. She writes about Marie Gorgas' pension and discusses the public stature of William Gorgas.

[Kelly] writes that he supports Emilie Lawrence Reed's pension increase.

White's report states that the Colombian government accepts the existence of yellow fever in the country, and will pay half of the funding for the International Health Board's yellow fever campaign. It details the geographic locations of the disease.

Flannagan submits a paper to The American Magazine's essay contest on the seven greatest Americans and names Carter as the fifth great American for his contributions to public health.

Stimson asks Fricks to assign a man to survey a proposed anti-malaria project in order to devise a cost estimate for Congress.

LePrince needs Carter's specifications for an anti-malaria campaign to use for a cost estimate to Congress. He sends Carter a copy of the letter that requests the estimate.

Long reports that there is yellow fever in Ceara, Brazil, and that steamers from Ceara are due in New York.

Rose writes about compensation for Henry Rose Carter's work and the value placed on the work of both Henry Rose Carter and Laura Armistead Carter.

Howard provides information to Carter on appropriate Latin terms used to reference the “yellow fever mosquito.”

Read thanks Carter for his critique of Vaughn's article, "The Differential Diagnosis of Yellow Fever and Allied Infections." She writes that yellow fever has been confirmed in Colombia and that Brazil has invited in the International Health Board.

Read writes that yellow fever has been confirmed in Bucaramanga. White will be leaving for Brazil shortly.

Scannell writes about his yellow fever work in Mexico. He encloses a sketch showing key points where the sanitation inspectors will work throughout the season.

Read writes that the Colombian government is cooperating with Miller. Read also mentions financial issues surrounding the work in South America. Work is under way to gain entry to Venezuela in order to make a survey of the situation there.

Connor comments on Carter's paper on the epidemiology of yellow fever. Connor discusses his work on malaria and yellow fever in Mexico. He mentions the resignation of Guiteras.

Pothier reports on his trip to Cucuta, Colombia, where no yellow fever is reported, although there is a great incidence of stegomyia. He has informed the government of the necessity for a mosquito campaign.

Pothier sends White his final report on the 1923 Yellow Fever Commission inspection tour of Colombia. He describes travel, meetings with government officials, and incidence of yellow fever and mosquitoes. A series of appended documents [two in Spanish] discuss preparations for the trip, the suspected epidemic in Bucaramanga, individual yellow fever cases, and further details of the tour.

Hanson discusses a report he received from the President of Colombia expressing his concerns about yellow fever and describes areas in need of clean up as well as the time and funds a general campaign will require.

Galindo writes about his examination of the body of the man suspected of dying from yellow fever in Colima, Mexico. He states that he does not believe that yellow fever was the cause of death and asks that the results of an examination of a liver specimen be communicated to him as Sanitary Delegate for the region.

Hansen writes about his work in Colombia. He has seen no yellow fever in Bucaramanga, although the Stegomyia index is high there as well as along the Magdelena River. He discusses other diseases he has encountered there and notes Dunn's work with mosquitoes.

Muench summarizes data that he collected on yellow fever in the Guianas. He mentions the great ignorance or diffidence displayed by the sanitary authorities.

White writes about his field work to control the spread of yellow fever in Brazil.

White expresses his relief that Carter's health has improved. He requests a photo and copies of some of Carter's publications for a Brazilian official.

Marie Gorgas thanks Kean for his informative letter. She is currently collaborating with Hendrick on a biography of Gorgas.

Deeks invites Carter to attend a conference in Kingston, Jamaica.

[Carter] writes that he hopes to be able to attend the conference in Kingston, Jamaica.

Laura Armistead Carter transcribes a conversation between Henry Rose Carter, Thayer, and Parker, which shows how Carter's data on extrinsic incubation assisted Lazear and Reed in reaching the decision to test the theory of mosquito transmission. Carter also discusses the contributions of Finlay and others to this theory.

LePrince reports on the role of the engineer in regards to malaria prevention.

Carter, Jr., comments on various topics including the California plague, the Surgeon General appointment, and family members.

Edsall requests Kissinger's address. A fund has been established in his name, Harvard University Medical School, which would provide a pension to Ida Kissinger upon John Kissinger's death.

Kean requests that Kissinger's address be given to the dean of Harvard Medical School.

Connor discusses his yellow fever campaign in El Salvador; as well as the work of his colleagues in Honduras, Nicaragua and Guatemala.

Carter's obituary describes his many accomplishments, lists his publications, and compares Carter, Reed, and Gorgas, to famous soldiers, jurists, and statesmen of Virginia.

Kean confirms that Kissinger was a volunteer in the yellow fever experiments.

Cumming serves notice about the entrance exam for the U.S. Public Health Service.

Lorente sends a copy of a letter that disproves the rumors about the existence of yellow fever in Peru.

Russell encloses copies of letters regarding rumors of yellow fever in northern Peru.

Barber discusses his upcoming personal and professional plans.

Hanson informs Carter that he plans to go to Africa to fight yellow fever.

Health Authority Held Office Here

Dr. H.R. Carter Claimed By Death

Dr. H.R. Carter Dead; Fought Yellow Fever

Dr. Henry R. Carter, Sanitarian, Dies

Funeral Services for Dr. H.R. Carter Will Be Tomorrow

That “Seeketh Not Its Own”

Dr. Carter, Yellow Fever Expert Dies

This obituary discusses the life and career of Carter.

Officials Attend Dr. H.R. Carter Rites

Lavinder expresses condolences on the death of Henry Carter.

Background of Events

Siler's manuscript describes 19th century yellow fever epidemics in the United States, theories of yellow fever transmission, and the contribution of Reed in proving mosquito transmission.

This pamphlet describes the yellow fever experiments as one of the greatest detective stories of all time. The villain of yellow fever was the mosquito and fomites were proven innocent. The term, executing the sentence, is used to describe the campaign to rid Cuba of mosquitoes. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

It Seems to Me

Thayer makes reference to Carter's experiments and their influence on Lazear. Thayer inquires if Lazear discussed his theories with her.

Carroll makes an appeal to the medical profession to make Walter Reed's birthplace a national shrine.

Thayer thanks her for the extracts of letters she sent, which confirmed that the Yellow Fever Commission initially pursued the Sanarelli hypothesis.

Carroll plans to write a magazine article on Walter Reed.

Carroll discusses plans to make Walter Reed's birthplace a national shrine. He receives permission from Emilie Lawrence Reed to mention the pension debate in his magazine article.

Gruenberg seeks Kelly's advice on establishing an additional pension for Kissinger.

Whitebread requests that Emilie Lawrence Reed donate some of Walter Reed's personal effects for an exhibition at the Smithsonian Institution.

Representatives of the New York Association of Biology Teachers petition Sen. Watson to seek Congressional action on pensions for Kissinger and widows of yellow fever commission participants.

Kissinger relates his story and political difficulties in obtaining financial support.

Peabody describes efforts to obtain pensions for Kissinger and for widows of yellow fever commission participants.

Peabody has received Kelly's new edition of Walter Reed and Yellow Fever. He sends Kelly materials concerning pensions for Kissinger and the yellow fever commission widows.

Kean requests the addresses of Mabel Lazear and Jennie Carroll.

Kean gives an account of Wood's military accomplishments. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Peabody writes about the failure of government assistance for Kissinger. The Association of Biology Teachers has also been unable to help.

Peabody writes about circulating the “Yellow Fever Story of Heroism“ to high schools and colleges.

Deland thanks Peabody for his work for Kissinger. She offers to lobby Congress and sends a check to Ida Kissinger.

[Peabody] informs Mallock of various projects, including a film strip on Walter Reed and a newspaper story on Kissinger.

Hardy requests information on Walter Reed. He wants to make Reed's birthplace a national shrine.

Hardy offers a strategy for publicizing the pension campaign.

Kean rejects Nelson's article on the grounds of inaccuracies. Kean informs him of the Walter Reed Memorial Association's work and Peabody's efforts to lobby Congress for pension increases for the survivors.

Hardy expresses continued interest in lobbying Congress for the pension campaign.

Maps are Made More Accurate, Old System of Reproducing the World on a Flat Surface Caused Distortions in Distances--Improvement Is an Aid to Commerce [From the Henry Rose Carter Papers]

The writer reports that an effort is underway to increase the annuities of the yellow fever investigators, volunteers, and their relatives.

Peabody informs Kelly of the progress of the yellow fever pension proposal. He seeks photographs for a lecture.

The writer informs Deland that he is continuing to lobby Congress for the pension bill.

Kean supports offering pensions for those who took part in the Reed Yellow Fever demonstration, and for the widows of those who died. He also supports a pension for Agramonte for his important contribution to the Board. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

The author discusses the resolution brought before Congress to honor and to compensate all those who volunteered as subjects in the yellow fever experiments.

Binley writes to Emilie Lawrence Reed regarding a lecture by Peabody on yellow fever.

Peabody gives a brief history of the Yellow Fever Commission and discusses the pensions to be granted to the yellow fever volunteers after the passing of the Copeland-Wainwright Bill.

This is a pension bill for the Yellow Fever Commission survivors and volunteers.

The Moral Equivalent

Agramonte appreciates Kean's balanced report of the yellow fever work. He comments on current yellow fever work.

Hildebrand requests a higher pension and describes his service with the yellow fever commission in Cuba. He also states that Reed trembled all over when an infected mosquito escaped. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Gruenberg inquires about Hildebrand's account of his participation in the yellow fever experiments. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Scott supplies Mabel Lazear's address and the pensions paid her by the United States Department of the Interior.

Kean informs de Niedman that he will testify on behalf of a pension bill to recognize the work of the yellow fever commission and volunteers, including Agramonte.

Kean informs Moran about efforts to enact pension bills for yellow fever commission families and volunteers.

Kean provides Morin with a comprehensive review of the yellow fever experiments. He includes the names of the personnel, their birth places, their enlistment and discharge locations, and present addresses.

Kean sends Agramonte a Congressional committee report on the yellow fever pension bill and gives his opinion in regards to compensation amounts. Kean also comments on the Rockefeller Foundation yellow fever work in West Africa.

Bland speaks of the dedication of Walter Reed's birthplace, and recounts Kean's speech given at the dedication on October 15, 1927.

This document recounts the speech given by Kean at the dedication of Belroi, the birthplace of Walter Reed. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Peabody seeks clarification of information for a pamphlet on yellow fever for the American Museum of Natural History.

Peabody thanks Kelly for the photograph and hospitality in Baltimore. He discusses strategy for lobbying Congress in regards to the pension bill.

Ashburn's speech to an audience of student nurses is an overview of Reed's life and work. The piece includes an excerpt from the Surgeon General's report, 1900.

This report chronicles the path to recognition for the members of the Yellow Fever Board, beginning with a 1906 letter from Theodore Roosevelt.

Kean relates news of the pension bill and notes the recognition of Agramonte's work in the bill.

Agramonte thanks Kean for news of the pension bill, and expresses appreciation for Ireland's influence.

Report recognizes the public service rendered by Walter Reed and those associated with him in the discovery of the cause and means of transmission of yellow fever. It also contains a statement regarding the pensions being provided to persons named in the bill, in particular widows, Agramonte, and the yellow fever volunteers. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Tansey's cousins will lobby a Minnesota congressman on her behalf.

Kean responds to Ames' inquiry about the pension bill and offers reasons why Roger Ames is not included.

This document lists individuals involved in the yellow fever experiments. [Kean] inserts handwritten corrections to the document. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

These telegrams congratulate Moran on receiving the Congressional Medal of Honor.

Kean requests supplemental information on Jesse Lazear's life, as well as information on Mabel Lazear and her children.

Fitzgerald discusses activities on behalf of Emilie Lawrence Reed and the pension bill.

Tansey sends Emilie Lawrence Reed copies of letters written on her behalf.

Kean describes to Moran the attempts made to expand the list of people qualified for yellow fever pensions, and explains how the criteria were set.

Sheppard states that a bill of unspecified subject matter cannot pass.

Ireland expresses admiration for Emilie Lawrence Reed and Walter Reed.

Kean inquires about Agramonte's father and explains the delay of Agramonte's medal and pension, approved in February 1929.

Kean lists the yellow fever experiment participants included in the Roll of Honor.

The interview centers on Kean's reluctance to give credit to the work done by Roger Ames during the yellow fever experiments.

Blake identifies Emilie Lawrence Reed's botanical specimen.

[Peabody] thanks Wainwright for his support of the bill to honor the yellow fever experiment participants. Peabody is delighted that Agramonte was included, and glad that Marie Gorgas was not.

This amendment proposes the inclusion of Roger Post Ames with those honored in H.R. 13060. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

[Peabody] reports on the status of the Congressional campaign to honor the yellow fever heroes, and enlists Kellogg's help in the effort.

[Peabody] describes his trips related to his campaign to honor the yellow fever heroes through an Act of Congress.

Secretary of War Hurley summarizes Ames' service record, concluding that Ames does not merit inclusion in the yellow fever roll of honor. He suggests that Sheppard turn over any additional official papers to the War Department.

[Sheppard] clarifies his statements regarding Ames' service with the Yellow Fever Board, in Cuba.

Sheppard informs Jessie Ames of the results of his correspondence with Secretary of War Hurley concerning her husband.

Sheppard forwards a letter from Patrick J. Hurley, Secretary of War, to Jessie Ames, which confirms that her husband contracted yellow fever in Cuba. Sheppard writes that he will continue to work for a bill recognizing Ames' service.

In this handwritten draft, [Kean] states that an introductory paragraph should be inserted before listing the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor in the Army Register. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Bridges informs Emilie Lawrence Reed that Walter Reed is listed on the Roll of Honor, published in the 1930 Army Register.

Bridges informs Mabel Lazear that Jesse Lazear's name is now on the Roll of Honor.

This bill awards annuities to the participants and beneficiaries in the yellow fever experiments. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean corrects a mistake made in the spelling of Andrus's name. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Agramonte answers Mrs. Ames' questions concerning her husband's actions and responsibilities with the yellow fever board in Cuba.

Agramonte informs Mrs. Ames about her husband's actions and responsibilities with the yellow fever board in Cuba, enclosing answers to questions she has posed.

Carter is not worried about Frost's revisions to the fifth chapter of the book. She explains that Henry Rose Carter's first interest would be to get his argument clear rather than eloquent.

Harper informs Mabel Lazear that her annuity will now be paid by the Veterans' Bureau.

This bill authorizes monthly payments to the parents of William H. Dean for his participation in the yellow fever experiments. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean suggests changing the inscription on the reverse side of the “Conquest of Yellow Fever ” medal. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Congress authorizes presentation of gold medal to widow in recognition of high public service of late husband.

Brown sends Emilie Lawrence Reed an article on the Congressional gold medal awarded to Walter Reed. He has heard of the progress on Blossom's new house.

Daughter Carries on Father's Work

Kean strongly believes that Roger Post Ames should not be included in the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean congratulates McCoy on his appointment to Manchuria and comments on Hagedorn's biography of Leonard Wood.

Frances Agramonte gives Kean her new address and discusses her health.

Truby provides the rationale behind the inclusion of members of the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor and asserts that A. S. Pinto should not be included. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Truby states his opinion, with Kean's concurrence, regarding qualifications for inclusion in the yellow fever roll of honor. He refers to the paper written by Walter Reed et al., "The Etiology of Yellow Fever - A Preliminary Note," and he recommends A.S. Pinto not be included in the roll of honor.

The Secretary of War recommends denying the claim of A.S. Pinto, as presented in Senate Bill No. 206.

This letter states that Pinto's share in the experiments had little or no value, and he should not be included in the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

This bill outlines a proposal to pay an annuity to the widow of Aristides Agramonte. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Kean attempts to protect the original Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Schwieger, who served with Truby in Cuba, requests Truby's assistance in retaining his pension.

Kean thanks Moran for sending him his immunity certificate signed by the Yellow Fever Board members. Kean comments on the political situation in Cuba.

Baker's recollections of yellow fever in Havana from 1898 to 1900 include a description of deaths among the American military officers.

Baker describes his personal experiences in connection with yellow fever epidemics in Havana, Cuba.

Leon thanks Peabody for his work in securing pensions for yellow fever participants. She discusses her mother's death and conditions in Cuba.

Brooks recommends Truby for a hospital position, describing his character and experience.

Goldwater informs Truby that he will not have a job opening in his hospital.

Peabody urges support of a bill granting posthumous recognition to George Sherman Ward and a pension to his survivors, in recognition of Ward's part in James Carroll's typhoid experiment, in 1904.

Andrus writes a letter of support for Roger Post Ames and Gustaf E. Lambert, advocating enactment of the bills that would recognize their contributions to the yellow fever commission work and grant pensions.

Cox's lecture includes a biography of Walter Reed and a detailed description of the yellow fever experiments.

Sawyer inquires about the use of a rhesus monkey in Reed's yellow fever experiments. He questions the accuracy of the "Yellow Jack's" portrayal of Dean.

Kean thanks Truby for his kind words, and for supporting the "true" story of the yellow fever experiments.

Albertini memorializes Lazear and Clara Maass.

Kean describes the centennial celebration of the Army Medical Library and his award of the Order of Finlay from the Cuban Government.

Moran's autobiography gives a detailed account of the yellow fever experiments in which he took part.

This excerpt includes the Roll of Honor of the participants in the yellow fever investigations in Cuba.

This radio script presents a fictionalized version of the yellow fever experiments, and portrays Kissinger and Moran as heroes. The radio program was prepared and produced by Young & Rubicam, Inc. for the program, "We The People", for their client the General Foods Corp., to promote their product "Calumet", on January 10, 1937, from 5:00-5:30 on the network WJZ.

This radio show script on the yellow fever experiments includes an interview with Kissinger.

Andrus hopes that Lambert and Jessie Ames get the recognition they deserve.

This bill proposes to include John R. Taylor in the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Andrus writes to Lambert regarding lobbying efforts for the bill recognizing Lambert and Ames.

Reynolds discusses including John R. Taylor to the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. He encloses a congressional bill and a letter he wrote to the Adjutant General. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Reynolds learns that John R. Taylor had no direct connection to the yellow fever experiments and states that he should not be included in the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Hench requests a copy of the report of the Yellow Fever Commission.

Lambert updates Jessie Ames on his efforts to secure passage of a bill recognizing Roger Ames and others.

Stirling informs Mabel Lazear that her pension identification number has been changed.

Andrus compliments Truby and requests verification of certain incidents related to the yellow fever experiments.

Andrus solicits advice on how to further the cause to recognize Lambert's role.

Andrus writes in support of bill S.115 granting recognition to Gustaf E. Lambert for his role in the yellow fever experiments.

Tisdel informs Hench that the Government Printing Office has mailed a copy of the Yellow Fever Commission report to him.

Hench sends a check for the Yellow Fever Commission report and requests two more copies.

Andrus asks Moran for his address. This letter was sent via the Veterans' Bureau.

Tisdel acknowledges receipt of payment and informs Hench that supplies of the Yellow Fever Commission report are exhausted.

Hench thanks Tisdel for his assistance in acquiring a copy of the Yellow Fever Commission report.

Andrus requests clarification of the definition of his role in the yellow fever experiments published in the Roll of Honor.

Andrus relates his experiences as a yellow fever volunteer and criticizes Kissinger's conduct. He wants to know if other volunteers have spinal difficulties and includes a plan of the Columbia Barracks laboratory.

Hench requests a copy of the 1937 Army Roll of Honor and the addresses of surviving participants in the yellow fever experiments.

Burnett sends Hench a copy of the Roll of Honor. He also forwards the address of Thomas M. England.

Hench thanks Burnett for the Roll of Honor.

Hench's check for a photograph of Moran was returned to him by Moran.

Moran will send Hench a photograph of himself at no charge, and returns Hench's check. He offers Hench advice on contacting other yellow fever survivors and politely refuses medical treatment for his duodenal ulcer.

Kean describes the 1900 Havana Finlay-Reed dinner, which celebrated the conclusive proof of Finlay's theory by Reed's work. He feels that Finlay has not received a fair share of the credit.

Dabney provides a chronology of Walter Reed's military service; from June 26, 1875 to April 3, 1900.

Kissinger responds to questions regarding the yellow fever experiments. He asserts that he volunteered before Moran.

Andrus requests Moran's assistance in getting a bill passed to honor Ames and Lambert.

Moran relates personal news and offers his opinion on Kissinger. He has high compliments for Kean as an authoritative source. He mentions a letter of recommendation, written by Walter Reed, which he believed to be at the University of Virginia. Moran writes that he found many inaccuracies in the film “Yellow Jack” and suggests to Hench that he should take up the Finlay vs. Reed controversy rather than the Kissinger-Moran memoirs.

Andrus writes about an additional claimant to the yellow fever Roll of Honor: John Morris. He thinks it is unlikely that Moran will assist with the Lambert/Ames appeal.

Moran informs Hench that he has asked Kean to assist him in his yellow fever research. Moran writes that the Camp Lazear site is unrestricted - it is not necessary to request permission to take photographs of the area.

Hench lists questions he has concerning the yellow fever experiments.

The list of Peabody's slides includes six major topics: historical background, the yellow fever experiments in Cuba, results of the yellow fever experiments, later history of the yellow fever heroes, the yellow fever bill, and the Walter Reed Memorial in Indianapolis.

This list records Hench's friends and relatives who are to be invited to the ceremony awarding him an honorary Washington and Jefferson College degree.

Moran sends Hench extensive notes describing locations, personalities, and other details of the yellow fever experiments and commenting on the actions and attitudes of the Cuban government regarding a Lazear memorial location.

[Rojas?] gives a history of the San Jose property, a probable site of Camp Lazear.

Hutchison designates Hench as a special representative of Washington and Jefferson College to obtain manuscripts and photographs from Cuban sources for the Lazear Memorial Building.

Hench requests copies of Cuban newspaper articles, about the work of the Yellow Fever Commission, and for maps of the Rojas farm and the site of Camp Lazear.

Hench gives brief details of his trip to Cuba and discusses the controversy over the proper location of the site of Camp Lazear.

Hench expresses great interest in receiving copies of correspondence by Moran and Kean.

Moran notifies Kissinger that they are going to receive the Finlay Medal from the Cuban Government in Washington, D.C. He provides further detailed information concerning the upcoming event and hopes that Kissinger will be able to attend. This letter was forwarded to Hench.

Hench discusses various meetings he had in Cuba to acquire biographical information.

Kean discusses an upcoming meeting with Hench and the honoring of Moran and Kissinger by the Cuban government.

Hench congratulates Moran on the receipt of the Grand Cross of the Order of Finlay from the Cuban government.

Hench congratulates Moran on his award of the Grand Cross of the Order of Finlay. He is very busy with professional responsibilities, but promises to return to his yellow fever notes soon.

Kean answers Hench's questions regarding the yellow fever experiments.

Pogolotti informs Hench that the photographs have not yet been received. He thanks him for his medical advice.

Hench discusses the identification of Camp Lazear site.

Hench requests copies of the Kean and Moran letters from Clemons at the University of Virginia Alderman Library. Hench eventually intends to donate copies of his research material to the Army Medical Museum and to the University of Virginia.

Hench discusses the photographs of Camp Lazear and efforts to identify the site properly. He mentions interesting material at the University of Virginia. Hench plans to donate copies of his research material and photographs to the Army Medical Museum and to the University of Virginia. He seeks other photographs and a map of Camp Lazear.

Hench requests photographs of a model of Camp Columbia, which is now at Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, and other information about Camp Lazear.

Hench details his work on the yellow fever story. He asks for Truby's recollections, particularly concerning Lazear's case of yellow fever.

Kean lists various Senate documents dealing with the yellow fever investigation. He offers his opinion on the role of Lambert.

Hench assures Truby that he will not use his material without permission and asks for background notes.

Andrus shares family news. He inquires about Lambert's health and circumstances.

Rodriguez Leon did not find the negatives Hench requested. She offers further assistance and discusses the Cuban elections.

Rojas answers some of Hench's questions about the difficulties of research and the problems with the Cuban regime.

Rojas answers some of Hench's questions about the difficulties of research and the problems with the Cuban regime.

Hench seeks permission from the U.S. Department of Agriculture to bring pieces of wood from the framboyant tree on the supposed site of Camp Lazear into the United States.

Hench requests copies of various United States government documents, all marked exhausted.

Hench requests information about the Yellow Fever Commission, and for the current names of residents in houses where Walter Reed noted outbreaks of yellow fever in 1900, to verify that the addresses have not changed.

Hench inquires whether Suarez-Solis would make an official statement that the address of number 102 Real Street is the same as in 1900.

Hench seeks information about the original Camp Lazear photographs. He draws attention to the incorrect identification of the mosquito building in Kelly's book. He inquires about the source of the “Gentlemen, I salute you” legend, and tries to find the addresses for Blossom Reed, Mrs. Lazear, and Carroll's family.

[Hench] questions Rojas about the location of Camp Lazear.

Hench encloses a draft of his manuscript. He asks for her comments.

[Hench] encloses his manuscript on yellow fever. He requests that Hutchison write letters of thanks on behalf of the College to the yellow fever informants. He discusses the logistics for Moran's travel.

[Hench] requests corrections to a manuscript and answers to specific questions.

Hench states that Lambert has no legitimate basis for a claim to be included on the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor.

Summary of Hench's research, with various autograph notes, memorandum, and addendum.

Hench points out historical errors in documents produced by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co. concerning yellow fever.

McCubbin informs Hench that he can import the wood specimen into the United States without a permit. The specimen is from a tree on the supposed site of Camp Lazear.

Lundeen acknowledges Hench's letter and promises careful consideration with reference to adding Lambert's name to the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor.

Hench solicits Cooke's comments on Hench's notes. He requests additional information about Camp Lazear and the yellow fever experiments.

Hench requests information on the Dean Memorial Bridge.

Hench requests the Indianapolis newspaper reports about Reed's 1900 American Public Health Association paper.

Hench requests help obtaining the addresses of Mabel Lazear and the family of James Carroll.

Hench encloses a draft of his manuscript with specific questions for Truby to answer.

[Hench] seeks further help from Mrs. Phillips in acquiring detailed information on the location of Camp Lazear.

[Hench] thanks Rojas for her help. He will send a report to the Cuban government and hopes it will stimulate interest in the memorial. He asks her to mark the Camp Lazear location on maps.

Hench poses questions concerning the site of Camp Lazear.

Hench requests help in assessing the age of framboyant trees.

Angles supports the Cuban government's claim for the site of Camp Lazear and rejects the alternative location. He stresses Finlay's preeminence in the yellow fever research. Included is Hench's autograph reaction to Angles' claims.

Hench's handwritten draft discusses the history of the San Jose farm, site of Camp Lazear.

Truby criticizes some members of the Yellow Fever Commission for seeking undue credit. He verifies that his source of information on Lazear's death was Reed.

Castro describes a 1904 history of Las Animas Hospital, by Barnet and Guiteras.

Peabody describes his research on Reed and tells Hench where the research materials may be found.

Dominguez Roldan describes his book on Finlay's yellow fever work.

Hench introduces himself to Peabody by describing his interest in Lazear and the yellow fever experiments. He asks if Peabody would send him material that he has written on the subject.

Hench thanks Brooke for the photo of the Camp Columbia model and asks if he may send a copy of it to the Cuban government.

Hench supplies details and references on the yellow fever experiments, correcting errors in the film strip Hallock prepared for the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company.

Finlay writes about the location of Camp Lazear and his recently published biography of his father, Carlos J. Finlay.

[Hench] inquires about Lazear's college career. He discusses a possible guest list for the Lazear Building dedication ceremony.

Moran describes his difficulties in dealing with the Cuban government regarding the Camp Lazear site. Moran will not attend the University of Virginia or the Washington and Jefferson College events.

Kean responds in detail to Hench's letter concerning the yellow fever experiments. He sends his diary from late 1900 and a copy of a speech at the dedication of Walter Reed's birthplace.

Hench asks to borrow E.B. Barnet's history of Las Animas Hospital. He comments on the role of Finlay in yellow fever research.

Hench describes his research on Lazear, the Camp Lazear location, and Moran's and Kissinger's experiences. He requests a copy of Peabody's bibliography.

Hench requests old maps of Cuba. He offers his opinion on the roles of Reed and Finlay and the politics behind the debate.

Stirling informs Hench that he is not permitted to disclose Lazear's and Carroll's addresses, but will forward Hench's letter to them.

Hench urges Moran to attend the two college events. Hench discusses the Camp Lazear site.

Andrus comments on the U.S. Army and his health. He also mentions Lambert's problems with his pension.

Hench discusses the inclusion of Cooke for the Lazear memorial ceremony.

[Hench] writes that he doubts Moran has really found the infected-clothing building. [Hench] wants to buy the property.

[Hench] reports that Rojas has discovered receipts that prove the site of Camp Lazear. [Hench] would like to buy the site and the building remains for restoration.

Kean reports that Reed requested $10,000 to conduct the yellow fever experiments. However, he is uncertain about where the financial records for the yellow fever study are being kept. He discusses an article written by Truby and encourages Hench to contact Thomas M. England, a former yellow fever volunteer.

Andrus comments on Truby's draft about his Cuba experiences, especially in regards to Agramonte.

[Hench] discusses the identity of the shack on the Rojas farm.

Hench describes valuable details on the yellow fever experiments he found in Agramonte's papers. Hench believes, along with Kean, that Agramonte has been treated unjustly.

Moran describes his discussions with the Cubans on the proposed Lazear Memorial.

Moran translates and transcribes for Hench a letter Moran has received from the Cuban government regarding Camp Lazear.

Pogolotti advises Hench to purchase the shack and then present it to the Cuban government when restored. He discusses the possibility of raising a monument on the site.

Hench discusses details of the upcoming Lazear memorial ceremony.

Hench gives Schnurr some background information for the speech he is giving at Washington and Jefferson College.

[Hench] appreciates Macia's willingness to donate Building No. 1 and a small plot of land to memorialize the Commission.

Hench thanks Webster for his help in finding the location of Camp Lazear and in identifying the "false camp." Hench discusses his plans to honor the site of Lazear's death.

This is the text of Hench's speech, which was given at the dedication of the Lazear Memorial Building at Washington and Jefferson College.

Kean discusses his health and the dinner at the University of Virginia honoring Moran. He speaks about Finlay's mental condition during his later years. He also describes the dinner given in Havana celebrating the confirmation by the Yellow Fever Board of the Finlay theory.

Hench discusses his associates' interest in preserving Building No. 1. He plans to publish his data on the location of Camp Lazear in hopes that the Cubans will be interested in this information.

Vergara provides Malaret with historical information on Havana's Military City, formerly Camp Columbia.

Hench discusses plans to finance and erect a memorial at the site of Camp Lazear. He describes it as a place where Finlay's concept was proven correct by the work of the U.S. Army. Hench includes sketches of the site.

Lambert claims that he should be recognized for his Yellow Fever Commission service. He discusses other nurses and doctors whom he believes were instrumental in the experiments but have not been recognized.

Hench requests extending the loan of a library book for photocopying purposes.

Truby provides detailed replies to the questions Hench posed about Truby's manuscript on the yellow fever experiments. He doubts the accuracy of Agramonte's accounts of the experiments.

Hench thanks Adams for the copy of a map of Camp Columbia. He requests additional maps of sites used by the U.S. Army Yellow Fever Board, in 1900-1901.

Hench requests a large number of U.S. government publications published between 1898 and 1902. These documents are necessary for the preparation of a report to the Cuban government.

Tisdel provides a list of government publications that are available and those which are out-of-print.

Hench orders publications from the U.S. Government Printing Office and encloses a check to cover the charges.

Schwegmann, Jr. informs Hench about the price of microfilms from the Library of Congress. He encloses order forms.

Schwegmann, Jr. informs Hench about services the Library of Congress's Photoduplication Service provides for its patrons.

The U.S. Government Printing Office acknowledges receipt of Hench's order. The publication requested is currently out-of-stock.

Freer informs Hench that his office cannot find the key to the map of Columbia Barracks, Cuba. However, he suggests that a participant from the time period might be able to help. Furthermore, there is no record that a map of Camp Lazear was ever prepared.

Hench summarizes his research on the yellow fever commission and sends Ramos his report concerning the true site of Camp Lazear.

Hench's report concerning the true site of Camp Lazear includes a synopsis of the yellow fever experiments, maps, photographs, quotations from Senate documents, and supporting letters from Kean, Cooke and Truby.

Gomez requests information that he can use to show the Cuban government the part that Wyeth Company is playing in publicizing Finlay's work.

Kellogg discusses his efforts to assuage critics in Cuba. He will send Hench photographs of the preliminary "Cuban versions" of Cornwell's painting.

Malaret informs Hench that Ramos is away but will schedule an appointment with Hench when he returns.

Gooch responds to Hench's questions concerning Gooch's yellow fever research.

Hench requests Report No. 841, 71st Congress from the Government Printing Office.

Hench informs Kissinger about his plans to purchase the site of Camp Lazear and the remains of Building No. 1. He discusses his correspondence with Kean and Truby and his intention to find incontrovertible evidence concerning the yellow fever story.

Hench thinks Kellogg handled the Cuban situation well. He comments on the Finlay supporters in Cuba. Hench discusses the Cornwell painting in progress and the suggestions Kellogg has received from various men concerning the painting.

Ramos informs Hench that he will meet with him.

Tisdel informs Hench that House Report No. 841, 71st Congress is not available.

Dominguez attempts to prove that Carlos Finlay discovered the method of transmission of yellow fever.

Kean criticizes the sketches for the Cornwell painting and discusses the anti-Reed sentiment in Cuba.

This is Hench's write-up of his interview with Bullard, focusing on Bullard's experience during the yellow fever experiments. Hench's autograph notes are included.

Ramos assures Hench that the Cuban government and health workers appreciate the effort Hench has made to locate the Camp Lazear site, and acknowledges the tribute owed to Lazear.

Recio praises Hench for his historical research on the yellow fever story. He enthusiastically supports the memorialization of the Camp Lazear site and feels it will be greatly appreciated by future generations. He offers to enlist the support of high Cuban government officials.

Hench requests Ramos' help in raising funds for a memorial in Cuba.

Hench inquires as to whether the Library of Congress has a copy of Memoria del Hospital Numero Uno.

Ramos assures Hench that the Cuban government and health workers appreciate the effort Hench has made to locate the Camp Lazear site, and acknowledges the tribute owed to Lazear.

Ramos assures Hench that the Cuban government and health workers appreciate the effort Hench has made to locate the Camp Lazear site, and acknowledges the tribute owed to Lazear.

Gooch informs Hench that the information he requested is available at the Library of Congress.

Hamer replies to Hench's request for an estimate of the cost of reproduction of documents relating to Walter Reed and the study of Yellow Fever.

Hench orders photocopies of yellow fever material from the Library of Congress.

Hench requests permission to look at telegrams sent and received by the Surgeon General's office between 1900 and 1901.

Hench gives suggestions of publishers for Reed's manuscript. He also lists errors in her manuscript.

Kean hopes Hench will act as the guardian of the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor and will see that no other person be included by Congress.

Hench requests copies of Camp Columbia maps for himself and for the Cuban Chief of Engineers of Military City. He explains his research on the yellow fever experiments and Camp Lazear.

This list includes sanitary reports, inspection reports and disease reports. Furthermore, there are numerous documents listed concerning Reed.

This microfilm includes the medical history of Columbia Barracks Post Hospital and records from the War Department, Office of the Adjutant General.

Hench inquires if Recio will help him locate a copy of "Memoria del Hospital Numero Uno Correspondiente al ano de 1902." He would like to give a copy to the Surgeon General's Library.

Kean agrees with Hench that Kissinger needs to be cared for in a veterans' hospital and recommends one in Indianapolis. He also encloses a copy of a letter he wrote to Ida E. Kissinger.

Jaime approves of Cornwell's painting, "Conquerors of Yellow Fever."

Mabel Lazear expresses her approval of Cornwell's painting, "Conquerors of Yellow Fever," and requests more copies. She mentions her preoccupation with war preparations.

Cooke approves of Cornwell's painting, "Conquerors of Yellow Fever," and requests more copies.

Rodriguez-Perez informs Hench that the Finlay Institute's copy of the history of Military Hospital No. 1 is the only one they have. He is not willing to lend it to Hench, but can have it copied. See Spanish orignial.

Hench requests permission to borrow "Memoria del Hospital Numero Uno." He hopes that an accurate survey of Camp Lazear can be made. Hench heard that the entire Cuban government resigned and is wondering whether Ramos is still Minister of National of Defense, and still able to help him.

Kellogg discusses the inclusion of Ames in the Cornwell painting. He has contacted Kean regarding this matter.

The script gives a biographical sketch of Forbes, and states that he is wanted by the U.S. Army Finance Department so that he can be given a lump sum of $17,750 and $125 monthly for his service in the yellow fever experiments.

Artigas praises the Cornwell painting for honoring the work of Finlay. He discusses Cuban publicity pieces for the painting and the planned public exhibition of a reproduction.

Hench thanks Kellogg for the acknowledgement included in the journal article on the Cornwell painting. However, he suggests a few changes to the acknowledgement.

Kean informs Hench that Truby's book will be published by the S.G.O. He also discusses various people who were or were not in Cuba during the yellow fever experiments.

Kean enjoyed the “Hygeia” article and the reproduction of Cornwell's painting, of which he requests copies. He discusses some of the men on leave during the Yellow Fever Board experiments.

This map depicts the site of a future Cuban-American Medical Museum.

Andrus discusses the yellow fever experiments and the role played by Lambert, whom he feels deserves more credit.

Hench sends Ramos two reprints of his article on yellow fever which touches upon the work of Finlay.

Lowdermilk acknowledges Hench's book request and informs him which publications are available.

Flexner comments on Peabody's manuscript and corrects details about Welch and Johns Hopkins Hospital.

Ireland discusses Lazear's laboratory notebook, which is at the New York Academy of Medicine library. He is convinced that Hench will retrieve valuable information from it.

Flexner praises Peabody for his account of the events leading to the Congressional recognition of the participants of the yellow fever experiments. He offers some editorial comments and suggests a few corrections of the story.

Hirschman offers a series of reports from the Department of Sanitation of the Isthmian Canal Commission to Hench.

Hench inquires whether the true site of Camp Lazear was ever surveyed. He wonders whether Ramos is still Minister of Defense and is still interested in the memorialization of Camp Lazear, since Hench heard that the entire Cuban cabinet resigned.

Hench requests permission to examine the files that contain the letters and telegrams between the Surgeon General's office and Walter Reed, dated 1900 and 1901.

Hench requests permission to examine the photographs that the Signal Corps of the Army took at Columbia Barracks, the Post Hospital and Camp Lazear from 1899 to 1901.

In a second draft of his manuscript, Andrus describes the yellow fever experiments and discusses his participation as a volunteer.

Hench discusses plans for a memorial at Camp Lazear.

Ponce discusses his efforts to establish a memorial at Camp Lazear. He will be meeting with the Cuban President on this matter.

Ponce describes his attempts to publicize and gain Cuban government support for the proposed Camp Lazear memorial.

This form records photographs ordered by Hench.

Recio informs Hench that the survey of the Camp Lazear site has been delayed, but that the Cuban Minister of Defense still supports the memorial.

Hench provides details about progress on the Camp Lazear memorial and reports that he attended Emilie Lawrence Reed's birthday party. He also met with some of Lazear's relatives.

Hench encloses a check to purchase additional land from the site of Camp Lazear. He is surprised to hear that nothing has been done to Building No. 1, since he had sent some money to Moran for repairs months ago. Hench makes note of his correspondence with Ponce and his influence with the Cuban government.

Hench inquires about the Cuban government's interest in preserving the site of Camp Lazear. Hench stresses that he does not want the monument dedicated to one person, but rather envisions a Cuban-American memorial.

Wood reports to Peabody about Emilie and Blossom Reed and the illnesses of Andrus and Kissinger. She requests information about the pensions for the participants and their families.

Hench informs Peabody that he has been helping Wood with her manuscript. He has received no news from Cuba on the proposed Camp Lazear memorial.

Jessie Ames will send Hench some of her husband's papers. She thinks the success of the yellow fever experiments depended on her husband and that he was not immune while he was nursing the volunteers. She was hurt by Kean and Ireland's lack of support for her husband being honored.

Hench comments on details in Wood's manuscript of her book on Reed. He reflects on the difficulties in planning his own book.

Hench thanks Logan for the photograph of Carter and explains the discrepancy in the number of experimental yellow fever cases that she pointed out in his article.

Ames answers Hench's questions concerning her husband's role at Camp Lazear.

Lynch requests that Butler meet with Hench to discuss Pinto's recognition for his service in the yellow fever experiments. Lynch adds a note to Hench stating that Butler wishes to meet with him.

Andrus is Dead; “Guinea Pig” for Yellow Fever

Hench informs Ames that he has been called-up for active duty. He poses numerous questions about the material she has sent to him. He expresses his desire to paint an accurate portrayal of Ames' contribution to the yellow fever experiments.

Hench appreciates Jessie Ames' answers to his numerous questions about Roger Ames. He requests that she donate some of the original fever charts for an planned exhibition at a Cuban museum.

Hench describes his research on the conquest of yellow fever. He is anxious to learn as much as possible about Ames' contribution.

Hench is excited that Johnson might be able to interest the U.S. State Department in his plan to memorialize Camp Lazear. He feels that this would be an excellent and real opportunity to foster Pan-American solidarity. Hench estimates it would cost about $25,000 to do all he has planned.

Mayer assures Hench that he wants him on the scientific board of the Finlay Institute. He inquires if Hench would be interested in accompanying a group of military doctors on a training mission to Cuba.

Peabody requests Kean's assistance in editing the copy of his account of the campaign to get the Yellow Fever Bill passed into law. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Love thanks Kean for his suggestions on his review about Truby's book. [Courtesy of The Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia Library]

Hench showed the booklet, which Logan had sent, to Moran. Hench requests additional copies so he can distribute them among the yellow fever personnel.

Hench is delighted that Hart is interested in the yellow fever story and the discovery of Camp Lazear. He discusses his meeting with Ramos and the Cuban government's support to commemorate the site of Camp Lazear.

Kean discusses Finlay's mosquito theory and Reed's research.

Ida Kissinger sends her husband's identifications of the persons in a photograph. She discusses their health problems.

Hoyt provides information on how to protect Building No. 1 from the effects of weathering and the attack of termites.

Espinosa writes to Hench that he (Espinosa) has been appointed Director of Panamerican Doctors (Director de la Division de Relaciones Medicas y Sanitarias Panamericanas) at the Finlay Institute. Espinosa hopes that cooperation will continue between scientists in the United States and in Cuba.

Hench accepts the appointment to become the Director of the Division of Medical Relations and Pan-American Sanitation of the Finlay Institute.

Hench, believing that Ramos sponsored his appointment to the Finlay Institute, thanks him for his support.

This is a rough translation of [Espinosa's] letter, in which he apologizes to Hench for the misunderstanding regarding Espinosa's letter of January 10, 1945, in which Hench mistakenly believed that he (Hench) had been appointed Director of Panamerican Doctors (Director de la Division de Relaciones Medicas y Sanitarias Panamericanas) at the Finlay Institute. [Espinosa] expresses his hope that Hench will continue to work closely with scientists in Cuba.

Espinosa apologizes to Hench for the misunderstanding regarding Espinosa's letter of January 10, 1945, in which Hench mistakenly believed that he (Hench) had been appointed Director of Panamerican Doctors (Director de la Division de Relaciones Medicas y Sanitarias Panamericanas) at the Finlay Institute. Espinosa expresses his hope that Hench will continue to work closely with scientists in Cuba.

Hench writes that, due to a translation error, he was under the assumption that he had been appointed to a directorial position at the Finlay Institute. He is very embarrassed about the total affair.

Hench attempts to explain how he came to misunderstand Espinosa's letter. Espinosa's letter, in Spanish, was not translated correctly. Hench assures him that he will cooperate with him and his work in the Finlay Institute.

Hench is relieved to hear that Building No. 1 was not destroyed during the latest hurricane. He assures Rojas that he will continue his campaign to raise funds for its preservation. He describes his visit with Mabel Lazear.

Espinosa is sorry that his letter to Hench was mistranslated and caused confusion. He is pleased that Hench will return to Cuba.

Hench has read Moorman's paper on the yellow fever experiments and agrees that they did not have Congressional support. However, Hench questions Moorman whether it is fair to imply that Congress interfered with the scientists' work when they were never asked to do one thing or another.

Moorman thanks Hench for his comments regarding his manuscript on the yellow fever experiments. He intends to make it clear that the doctors did not want to become entangled with red tape and delay.

Kean discusses the Yellow Fever Commission, in response to Hench's questionnaire.

Kean provides his recollections of the Yellow Fever Commission, in response to Hench's questions.

Franck asks Kean to correct the enclosed copy of his answers to earlier questions, sign his name, and mail it to Hench. Kean adds a note to Hench, dated June 19, 1946, in which he recalls a portrait which was done of himself.

Truby discusses the Yellow Fever Commission in response to Hench's questionnaire.

Hench is trying to locate correspondence between L.O. Howard and the yellow fever investigators at various U.S. government agencies. He inquires if Lucy Howard has any of her father's papers at the family home.

Hench discusses the history of the Kissinger family trying to obtain more pension money, including a plea for funeral expenses from Ida Kissinger for her husband.

Kean relates the history of the Kissinger family in their desire to obtain money and how Peabody organized the Kissinger Relief Fund. Kean goes on to say that there was an error in a pamphlet published by Peabody in the amount of pension money to be given to the Kissinger family.

Kean comments on Lambert's possible inclusion on the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor.

Hench interviews Kean about the Yellow Fever Commission.

Hench reports to the Reed Memorial Association board on the Finlay-Reed controversy and the ongoing attempt to memorialize Camp Lazear.

Hench questions Walter Reed's children about their father.

Kean comments on the attempt to add Ames to the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor.

Lambert corrects a draft of an interview of Lambert by Hench - conducted on June 21, 1946. He also tries to advance his case for being included in the Yellow Fever Roll of Honor.

Hench informs Howard that he has a large file of letters between her father and Reed and Carroll but is still searching for more, especially between Howard and Lazear.

Kean comments on an interview with Reed's children. He explains the reasons Reed obtained two medical degrees after his graduation from the University of Virginia.

Nogueira informs Hench that Building No. 1 has been declared a Cuban national monument. He has received Hench's ideas on preserving the building and will keep him informed of Cuban preservation plans.

Andreu informs Hench that Building No. 1 at Camp Lazear has been declared a Cuban national monument. He emphasizes that the Yellow Fever Commission was working to prove Finlay's theory of mosquito transmission. He appreciates the efforts at mutual relations between Cuba and the United States and the Americans' recognition of Finlay's work.

Andreu informs Hench that Building No. 1 at Camp Lazear has been declared a Cuban national monument. He emphasizes that the Yellow Fever Commission was working to prove Finlay's theory of mosquito transmission. He appreciates the efforts at mutual relations between Cuba and the United States and the Americans' recognition of Finlay's work.

Hench writes that he has heard Moran plans to write his memoirs. The Cuban government is interested in preserving Building No. 1, although they have made no concrete plans.

Hench describes in detail the background of his efforts to memorialize the Camp Lazear site, and his plans for the preservation of the site and establishment of a museum. He asks Andreu about the availability of funds from the Cuban government or private sources for building and upkeep, and about costs for these efforts. Without this information and commitment from the Cubans he will find it difficult to raise funds from American sources.

Hench informs Nogueira that he is gratified that the Cuban government has designated Camp Lazear Building No. 1 as a national monument. He will join the Cubans in an effort to properly memorialize the work of Finlay and the Americans.

Moran discusses Cuban politics in general. He notes that the Finlay-Reed controversy is still ongoing, and there are strong anti-American sentiments connected with it.

Hench requests a meeting with Packard in New York. He relates the story of his yellow fever research, the discovery of Camp Lazear Building No. 1, and subsequent efforts to memorialize the site. He seeks the financial support of the Rockefeller Foundation, explaining that the Cubans feel Finlay was denied credit for his yellow fever work and blame the Rockefeller Foundation, in part, for championing Reed over Finlay. Hench believes this is an opportunity to recognize the work of both Finlay and the Americans.

Hench is disappointed that he has not heard from Andreu or Nogueira concerning plans for the Camp Lazear memorial. He informs Andreu of his scheduled visit to the Rockefeller Foundation to seek funds for the memorial.

Nogueira informs Hench of the Cuban government's plans to place plaques on Camp Lazear Building No. 1 and on the Havana building where Finlay conducted his experiments, in 1881. He hopes action will be taken on Hench's proposals to preserve the Camp Lazear building soon, and promises to support those efforts.

In this speech, given at the University of Virginia, Hench discusses Reed's yellow fever experiments and his own re-discovery of the actual site of Camp Lazear. The manuscript contains handwritten revisions by Moran and typed additions by Hench.

This is the text of a speech, by Hench, on Walter Reed and the conquest of yellow fever.

University of Virginia librarians acknowledge the receipt of Reed, Kean, Lazear, and Moran items from Hench to be used for exhibition. They list the individual photographs, documents, and artifacts with detailed descriptions.

This is a draft of the speech on Reed given by Hench at the University of Virginia. The text includes [Hench's?] autograph notes and corrections.

Hench informs Nogueira that he will be unable to obtain American support for the Camp Lazear memorial until the Cubans make a firm commitment to maintain it. He would like to meet with the Cuban president when he visits Cuba in March.

Siler discusses the location of the room where Walter Reed died. Siler knows that Hench wants to check on information contained in Hagedorn's biography of Wood and promises to arrange a meeting with McCoy.

Hench introduces himself to Rice and discusses his planned book on the conquest of yellow fever. Hench wishes to purchase a copy of Rice's biography of J.W. Hurty because there is a photograph of the room in which Reed presented his paper, in 1900. He inquires if Rice knows where Reed stayed in Indianapolis for the 1900 conference.

Hench discusses his planned book on yellow fever and his interest in the subject. Hench questions McCoy about Wood's support of Reed's experimentation, in Cuba, and possible opposition from the Surgeon General.

Hench writes that he is still working to memorialize Camp Lazear, but cannot proceed until he knows the Cubans will support upkeep of the site. Hench will be coming to Cuba and would like to meet with Carbonell regarding this matter.

McCoy questions Hench about his book on Reed and yellow fever. He is looking forward to meeting with Hench.

Hench discusses his yellow fever research. He informs Tillisch that he is searching for an aerial photograph of the area around Camp Lazear, but has been unable to locate one.

Siler agrees with Truby that many changes occurred to the interior of the building where Reed died. Siler will go to Fort McNair in an attempt to secure earlier plans of the hospital.

Nogueira is looking forward to Hench's arrival in Cuba. Hench will meet with the President of Cuba during his visit.

Tillisch informs Hench about his efforts to find persons who will be able to help him obtain an aerial view of Camp Lazear.

Hench informs Lyons that he has been made the custodian of an enormous amount of material pertaining to Reed and his colleagues. Hench makes suggestions as to what photographs might be used in the program for the Walter Reed Celebration. He also suggests including Cornwell's painting Conquerors of Yellow Fever in the project.

Hench discusses, in detail, his trip to Cuba. He writes that Moran and Nogueira were of great help to him. Moran stated that he was the first to volunteer for the experiments. Hench describes his visit to Camp Lazear, the Finca San Jose, Camp Columbia, Las Animas Hospital, General Wood's old headquarters, the site of the 1901 Pan-American Medical Congress, Finlay's home, and the Finlay Institute.

Hench sends Lyons a photograph of Reed's grave for possible inclusion in the Hall of Fame exhibit, and discusses the courtesy lines to be used for individual items in the exhibit.

Hench writes about returning Agramonte's papers to her and informing Kean, Truby and Lawrence Reed about important points which the papers clarify. He informs her about his success in lobbying the Cuban government for funds to preserve Building No. 1.

Williams has a copy of “Selected Papers of Dr. Carlos J. Finlay” that belonged to Carter, and which contains marginal notes by him. One note pertains to mosquitoes acquired from Finlay by Lazear. Williams offers to lend the book to Hench before returning it to Carter's son.

Hench assures Lyons that he meant to put no pressure on her to include Reed's Congressional Medal in the Hall of Fame exhibit.

Hench explains his discovery of the remains of Camp Lazear and his desire to honor Finlay and the American yellow fever commission by memorializing the site. He describes his plans for developing the site into a museum, park, and health clinic. Hench expresses appreciation for the Cuban appropriation of funds for the project, and offers $1000 for the immediate preservation of Building No. 1.

Lyons discusses the Reed exhibit being prepared for the Hall of Fame.

Hench discusses further plans for the preservation of Camp Lazear. He inquires if it would be possible for Nogueira to bring Finlay's diaries to America with him so that he can microfilm them.

Hench outlines his plans for the memorialization of Camp Lazear. He hopes the Ignacio Rojas daybook will be deposited in the Camp Lazear museum, if it is built.

Hench discusses efforts to discover the date and circumstances of the Americans' visit to Finlay to acquire mosquitoes for research use. To this end, he requests permission to borrow Carter's book of Finlay's collected works that contains a marginal note on this subject.

McCoy thanks Hench for detailing his latest trip to Cuba. He informs Hench that Wood's daughter will not allow him to study her father's papers until she has had time to arrange them. He confirms the account of the Sternberg-Wood incidents as described in Hagedorn's biography of Leonard Wood.

Hench discusses Cuban attitudes toward the “Reed versus Finlay” debate, and describes his reaction to a threatened protest by the Cuban delegation. Hench was careful to include Finlay items in his exhibit and slide show, and to praise Finlay in his lecture.

Valderrama y Pena promises to copy items related to Cuban and American yellow fever experiments for Hench. He asserts that in June of 1900 nobody except Finlay and his assistant Delgado believed that mosquitoes transmitted yellow fever.

Standley informs Hench that there were no additional photographs taken during the International Tropical Medicine Congress. He compliments Hench for his address on Reed.

Hench appreciates Keefer's compliments on his article. He informs Keefer that the Cuban government has set aside funds to memorialize Camp Lazear.

Colete informs Hench that he and others visited various Cuban government offices, and that they believe the work to preserve Camp Lazear will begin soon. The government will not accept Hench's offer of $1000 for immediate preservation efforts on Building No. 1.

Cardenas informs Hench that he and others visited the public works department, and that they believe the work to preserve Camp Lazear will begin soon. It will not be necessary to accept Hench's offer of $1000 for immediate preservation efforts on Building No. 1.

Hench has edited the manuscript and selected photographs for the publication of his Washington, D.C. lecture.

Hench offers his yellow fever materials for use in a proposed museum.

Hench discusses efforts to preserve Camp Lazear.

Moran informs Hench that he has decided not to publish his memoirs because he feels it would further antagonize Cuba. He offers his opinion on the political and cultural situation in Cuba, especially as it pertains to the preservation of Camp Lazear. Finally, he makes clear his position in the Reed-Finlay debate concerning credit for conquering yellow fever.

Hench doubts that he will be able to attend the Reed Memorial Association meeting, but sends suggestions regarding Association business for his colleagues to consider. He recommends that Blossom Reed continue to receive Emilie Lawrence Reed's monthly pension after the latter's death. Hench informs Siler that the Cuban government has abandoned plans to preserve Camp Lazear and refused Hench's funds to temporarily protect Building No. 1. He suggests that the Association approach contacts in the U.S. War or Defense Departments to see if diplomatic or military channels might open the way for temporary preservation of the building.

Siler agrees with Hench that Emilie Lawrence Reed's pension should be transferred to Blossom Reed. Siler requests Hench's opinion regarding the wording of the plaque to be placed on the building where Reed died. Siler regrets that the plans for the Camp Lazear preservation have fallen through, but suggests that General Bliss may be able to help with the matter.

Siler regrets that Hench is unable to attend the annual meeting of the Walter Reed Memorial Association. He discusses his visit with Bliss and his efforts to preserve Building No. 1. Siler informs Hench about his plans to have a plaque placed on the wall of a building where Reed had died.

The minutes include a treasurer's report, a resolution to transfer a monthly allowance to Blossom Reed upon the death of her mother, a continuation of the $50 increase to Emilie L. Reed, discussion of a plaque to commemorate the location of Reed's death, and comments on the protection of Building No. 1.

Tate believes that neither Lambert nor Ames belongs on the Yellow Fever Honor Roll. However, Tate believes that Lambert was courageous and Ames was a good doctor.

This resolution establishes a Walter Reed Commemoration Commission.

Hench provides biographical information about some of the men involved with the yellow fever experiments. He stresses the importance of celebrating the 50th anniversary of Reed's work.

Siler regrets that Hench was unable to attend the annual meeting of the Walter Reed Association. Kean told Siler that Hench approves of the modification of the inscription on the plaque to memorialize Reed's place of death.

Wood thanks Hench for his letter about the yellow fever survivors. He notes that it will be useful for a project to commemorate the 50th anniversary of Reed's work.

Hench will send Siler a large number of reprints of his paper on Reed, to be distributed at military medical facilities. He suggests small changes in the inscription for the plaque memorializing Reed's place of death. Hench is delighted that a bill has been introduced in Congress to honor Reed.

Wallach informs Hench about the introduction of a joint congressional resolution to honor Reed and his work. Wallach hopes to receive Hench's help in mobilizing various groups who have an interest that this resolution be passed.

Truby explains to Lambert the conditions for being placed on the Roll of Honor. Truby says that Ames does not meet these conditions, although he did take good care of the yellow fever volunteers.

Siler discusses suggestions to change the inscription on a plaque memorializing Reed's place of death. He discusses a resolution introduced in Congress to honor the memory of Reed. Siler informs Hench of Osborne Wood's death.

Hench suggests a Reed memorial which would have long-range value to the public rather than a short-term publicity campaign. He discusses Camp Lazear and Building No. 1, and his efforts to have this site memorialized. Hench informs Wallach of the work of the Walter Reed Memorial Association, and other attempts to publicize Reed's work.

Hench informs Lawrence Reed about Wallach's involvement in the passage of a bill honoring Walter Reed. Hench questions Wallach's motivations for such action. He requests Reed's opinion in the matter.

Lawrence Reed informs Hench that he was interviewed by Wallach. He appreciates his efforts to memorialize his father's work by supporting the passage of a bill in Congress. He is unsure of Wallach's motives in supporting this bill.

Hench discusses Lydia's arthritis. He discusses the stalled effort to preserve Building No. 1 at Camp Lazear and asks if Rojas knows of any way to break the impasse. He assures her that plans for the memorial will in no way intrude on the nearby Rojas family home.

Siler describes his preparations to have the plaque memorializing Reed's death unveiled. He has not heard from Wallach and does not know the present status of the bill and the allocation of the funding. He offers his opinion on how any government funding should be spent.

Carey describes the history of Camp Lazear Building No. 1; as well as the efforts of Hench to preserve the structure.

Hench sends Carey reprints of his articles on the yellow fever story. He provides a detailed account of his involvement in researching the story and his attempts to preserve Camp Lazear.

Carey sends Hench copies of two Associated Press stories on Walter Reed and yellow fever that he has written. He discusses the interviews and research he has done for the stories, requests a photograph of Building No. 1, and expresses hope that the second article, which discusses preservation of the building, will help to generate support for that effort.

Hench is delighted that the Cuban government honored Hart. He details his attempts to preserve and memorialize Building No. 1 at Camp Lazear, and asks if Hart encountered anyone in Cuba who might be able to help.

Rodriguez Leon would like her father's papers returned to her because she has promised them for a permanent exhibit. She believes that the data shows her father, Agramonte, was in Havana at the time of Lazear's death.

Hart believes that the only way the Camp Lazear site will be preserved is if the Americans provide funds. However, he is willing to make overtures to his friends in Cuba.

Hench discusses conflicting evidence concerning Agramonte's presence in Cuba at the time of Lazear's death, and offers his own opinion.

Hench describes the difficulties he has encountered in memorializing Camp Lazear. He discusses where he believes his collection should eventually be stored, citing the Mayo Foundation, the University of Virginia's Alderman Library, and the National Archives. He does not want the items to be in Cuba.

Wallach describes plans for a national and possibly international Walter Reed commemorative publicity campaign under the auspices of the Reed Memorial Association, and stresses the importance of the campaign in light of communism.

Siler believes that the project to publicize Reed's work, proposed by Sidney Wallach, would be a waste of money and only benefit Wallach's company. Siler informs Hench that Kean has been ill.

Ames comments on the recent deaths of Emilie Lawrence Reed and Kean. She thinks it would be better to exhibit the yellow fever materials at the Mayo Clinic rather than in Charlottesville.

Hench makes detailed criticisms of Standlee's manuscript on Walter Reed. His remarks are prefaced by a thorough account of his own Reed research.

Rojas informs Hench that she has read of the Cuban government's plans to make the Camp Lazear memorial another monument to Finlay, and wonders if Hench has abandoned his plans for the memorial or is still working with the government. She offers her help and hopes his ideas will be carried out.

Hench continues his critique of Standlee's manuscript on Walter Reed, making detailed observations based on his research into the yellow fever experiments.

Hench is discouraged by the Cuban government's lack of response to the Camp Lazear memorial. The government will not permit Hench to donate money to the site because it is a Cuban national monument, but the government has not allocated any money itself.

Hench discusses his upcoming trips and inquires about the date of the next meeting of the Walter Reed Memorial Association.

Gibson discusses his research on Sternberg. He thinks that Sternberg, along with Gorgas, was at first skeptical about the mosquito theory. However, he reconsidered that view before Reed went to Cuba. Like Hench, Gibson has not seen any confidential notes between Sternberg and Reed concerning the Yellow Fever Board.

Hench writes Rath that he would appreciate any help that the National Trust for Historic Preservation could provide in preserving Camp Lazear. He describes his attempts to enlist the support of the Cuban government and the Rockefeller Foundation.

Rath informs Hench that his attempt to preserve Building No. 1 lies outside the purview of the National Council for Historic Sites and Buildings because of the Cuban government's involvement. He suggests raising funds through a medical fraternity, possibly with the sanction of the American Medical Association or the Walter Reed Memorial Association.

This interview transcription includes questions posed to Hench by a Cuban newspaper and Hench's answers. Hench expresses appreciation for receiving the Order of Finlay. He explains his thoughts on preserving Camp Lazear and emphasizes the cooperation that took place among people of different countries and different religions in discovering the cause of yellow fever. He also discusses his interest in hormones, particularly cortisone, hydrocortisone, and corticotropin.

Carbonell informs Hench that, largely through the efforts of Colete, the Cuban government has approved $50,000 for the preservation of Camp Lazear. However, he is unsure how the money will be used.

Carbonell describes Hench's investigations into the yellow fever experiments and the actual location of Camp Lazear. He praises Hench as a physician and a friend while advocating the support of Hench's plans by the Cuban government.