Reference: 850
Author: Babbitt, John S.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson Is Honored on a U.S. Stamp"
Publication: Stamps
Volume: 243
Date: (May 8, 1993)
Extent: 177, 186.

Notes: Account of the ceremonies at Shadwell and Monticello on TJ's 250th birthday, including the celebrating of the first day of issue of a new 29 cent stamp picturing TJ.

Reference: 2121
Author: Backus, E. Burdette
Title: Thomas Jefferson, Pioneer of Tomorrow's Religion
Publisher: All Souls Unitarian Church
Place of Publication: Indianapolis
Date: (1943)
Extent: pp. 17

Notes: "... we must have a religion which believes in men as Jefferson believed in them."

Reference: 2548
Author: Baeumer, Max L.
Title: "Simplicity and Grandeur: Winckelmann, French Classicism, and Jefferson."
Publication: Studies in Eighteenth-Century Culture
Volume: 7
Date: (1978)
Extent: 63-78

Notes: Influence of Winckelmann and his definition of classical beauty as "noble simplicity and quiet grandeur" on TJ. He knew Winckelmann's Geschicte der Kunst das Althertums and also his friend Charles-Louis Clerisseau.

Reference: 77
Author: Bagby, George W.
Title: "Waifs from Monticello."
Publication: Lippincott's Magazine
Volume: 4
Date: (1869)
Extent: 205-07

Notes: Describes a few leaves from one of TJ's account books, claiming they illustrate his "particularity in manners of business" and his considerate attention to his slaves.

Reference: 1127
Author: Bagley, Christopher
Title: “The Pursuit of Happiness,”
Publication: Premiere
Volume: 8
Date: (April, 1995)
Extent: 64-66.

Notes: On the Merchant/Ivory film“To Merchant Ivory and (star Nick Nolte) Jefferson in Paris is less a history lesson than an 'exploration of love'. ”

Reference: 78
Author: Bailey, Thomas A.
Title: "Jefferson and Madisonian Democracy"
Publication: Voices of America: The Nation's Story in Slogans, Sayings, and Songs.
Publisher: Free Press
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1976)
Extent: 39-50

Notes: Discusses slogans and songs associated with TJ during the election of 1800 and the subsequent eight years.

Reference: 1376
Author: Bailey, Thomas A.
Title: "Federalism and the Birth of Parties" and "Jefferson and the Democratic-Republicans"
Publication: Democrats vs. Republicans: The Continuing Clash
Publisher: Meredith Press
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1968)
Extent: 3-45

Notes: Development of the Democratic Party portrayed as a result of conflict with the Federalists; argues for a "Janus-faced Jefferson."

Reference: 2549
Author: Bailey, Liberty Hyde
Title: "Monticello. The Country Seat of Thomas Jefferson. Present-Day Appearance of One of the Finest of the Estates of the Last Century."
Publication: Country Life in America
Volume: 2
Date: (1902)
Extent: 56-60

Notes: Sketch with interesting photographic illustrations.

Reference: 603
Author: Bailyn, Bernard
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Faces of Revolution: Personalities and Themes in the Struggle for American Independence
Publisher: Alfred Knopf,
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1990)
Extent: 22-47.

Notes: Reprint with minor revisions of 1960 essay TJCAB #79.

Reference: 851
Author: Bailyn, Bernard
Title: “Jefferson and the Ambiguities of Freedom,”
Publication: Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society
Volume: 137
Date: (1993)
Extent: 498-515.

Notes: Examines TJ's contradictions as seen by posterity but also as evident in his own thoughts and actions and implicitly links these contradictions to his continuing impact on American culture and politics. Because TJ was both theorist and pragmatist, ideologist and practical politician, he beyond all of his contemporaries “sought to realize the Revolution's glittering promise” and in the process he “learned the inner complexities of these ideals. ”

Reference: 79
Author: Bailyn, Bernard
Title: "Boyd's Jefferson: Notes for a Sketch."
Publication: New England Quarterly
Volume: 33
Date: (1960)
Extent: 380-401

Notes: Review essay on the first 15 volumes of The Papers which "contain more than enough material for a re-estimation," particularly in the volumes covering his time abroad. Two controlling groups of traits emerge: a "conventionality of mind and behavior" in the face of European culture and society, but "in his direct, tactical involvement with public affairs, he was as unconventional, as imaginative, resourceful, and tough as the best, or worst, of Old World politicians."

Reference: 80
Author: Baird, W.
Title: "The Domestic Life of Thomas Jefferson, Compiled from Family Letters and Reminiscences. By his Great-grandaughter, Sarah N. Randolph."
Publication: Southern Magazine
Volume: 10
Date: (1872)
Extent: 495-502

Notes: Review essay using the occasion to praise TJ for his efforts to resist the Federal usurpation of state's powers which had produced the recent difficulties.

Reference: 81
Author: Bakeless, John
Title: Lewis & Clark: Partners in Discovery.
Publisher: Morrow
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1947)
Extent: pp. xii, 498

Notes: Chapters 1, 6, and 7 deal with TJ's appointment of Lewis as his secretary and with the purchase of Louisiana.

Reference: 82
Author: Bakeless, John and Catherine
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Signers of the Declaration
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1969)
Extent: 71-79

Notes: Superficial.

Reference: 72
Author: Baker, Denise W.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the West."
Publication: M.A. thesis. Western Kentucky University,
Date: (1982)

Notes: Not seen.

Reference: 540
Author: Baker, Charles F., III.
Title: "From Lawyer to Patriot."
Publisher: Cobblestone
Volume: 10
Date: (September, 1989)
Extent: 9-14.

Notes: Juvenile. Play in three "acts" showing TJ's passage to revolutionary commitment. Unlikely dialogue.

Reference: 645
Author: Baker, Maurine Wilma
Title: "Clerical Opposition to Jefferson in New England, 1800-1809."
Publication: M.A. Thesis.
Publisher: University of Chicago
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1932)
Extent: pp. 46.

Reference: 2122
Author: Baker, Gordon E.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson on Academic Freedom."
Publication: AAUP Bulletin
Volume: 39
Date: (1953)
Extent: 377-87

Notes: "His insistence on freedom of inquiry" is "equalled in eloquence by few;" yet at least once he "abandoned his high principles" by demanding that the University of Virginia's law professor be "uninfected with Federalist principles."

Reference: 1377
Author: Baldwin, Joseph G.
Title: Party Leaders: Sketches of Thomas Jefferson Alex'r Hamilton, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, John Randolph of Roanoke
Publisher: Appleton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1855)
Extent: 17-134

Notes: TJ contrasted with Hamilton: "He was more artificial as well as more original than Hamilton.... a thorough-going party man ... the whole tone of his mind was partisan." Baldwin's hero is Clay.

Reference: 778
Author: Balleck, Barry
Title: "When the Ends Justify the Means: Thomas Jefferson and the Louisiana Purchase."
Publication: Presidential Studies Quarterly
Volume: 22
Date: (1992)
Extent: 679-96.

Notes: In opposition to those who see TJ as contradicting his most cherished political principles of states rights and strict constructionism in the matter of the Louisiana purchase, the author argues that he acted to achieve the greater end of survival of republican government in the U. S. New territory guaranteed a pastoral, agrarian future. Based largely on secondary sources.

Reference: 73
Author: Banes, Ruth A.
Title: "The Exemplary Self: Autobiography in Eighteenth-Century America."
Publication: Biography
Volume: 5
Date: (1982)
Extent: 226-39.

Notes: Claims that TJ, along with Franklin, John Woolman, and John Adams in their autobiographies downplayed their self-importance by offering a justification for writing their own lives, by using parable forms, and by alluding to the power of Divine Providence. These conventions work to establish an autobiographical form and to present a shared self-conception: the exemplary self. Where the eighteenth-century religious autobiographer reaffirmed a universe of verities, the secular autobiographers tended to clarify and expand important aspects in American history. In each case early American autobiographers emphasized universal principles, while diminishing individual importance, and thus, it is argued, the secular writers emulated the spiritual writers. Does not do justice to the particular character of TJ's autobiography (or Franklin's) by flattening it against the model of spiritual autobiography, and ignores rhetorically different functions of seemingly similar devices such as parable.

Reference: 83
Author: Banks, Louis Albert, ed.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Capital Stories about Famous Americans.
Publication: The Christian Herald
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1905)
Extent: 319-28

Notes: Anecdotes.

Reference: 84
Author: Banks, Louis Albert
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The Story of the Hall of Fame, Including the Lives and Portraits of the Elect and of Those Who Barely Missed Election.
Publication: The Christian Herald
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1902)
Extent: 106-18

Notes: no note

Reference: 85
Author: Banks, Louis Albert
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Youth of Famous Americans
Publisher: Eaton and Mains
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1902)
Extent: 41-47

Notes: no note

Reference: 300
Author: Banning, Lance
Title: "Jeffersonian Ideology Revisited: Liberal and Classical Ideas in the New American Republic."
Publication: William and Mary Quarterly
Volume: 43
Date: (1986)
Extent: 3-19.

Notes: Responds to Joyce Appleby's critique of the "republican hypothesis" of Jeffersonian ideology which downplays the significance of earlier classical republican, "country" ideology in favor of a "liberal hypothesis." Finds fault with both positions and contends that since each has grasped portions of important truths we need not regard their claims as mutually exclusive (even if the proponents seem to claim they are). Argues that in important ways Appleby has misrepresented some of the scholarship she disputes, but admits that her work is a useful corrective to recent studies that have mistakenly or unintentionally overemphasized the conservative characteristics of Jeffersonian thought.

Reference: 1100
Author: Banning, Lance
Title: Jefferson & Madison: Three Conversations from the Founding .
Publisher: Madison House
Place of Publication: Madison, WI.
Date: (1994)
Extent: pp. xiii, 241.

Notes: Examines the interaction between TJ and Madison at three crucial moments in the era of the founding as the two men consider basic questions about the need for a bill of rights to supplement the Constitution, about the roles of property and public debt in a republic (following upon TJ's assertion that the “earth belongs to the living,” and about the importance of a “public spirit” in a republic. The interpretive chapters are supported by a selection of primary documents from the two. Author argues that contrary various previous opinions Madison was neither the junior partner nor fundamentally in disagreement with TJ on these issues. Shows the two thinking together, responding each to the other, as they work through fundamental problems of republican theory and practice.

Reference: 1378
Author: Banning, Lance
Title: The Jeffersonian Persuasion: Evolution of a Party Ideology
Publisher: Cornell Univ. Press
Place of Publication: Ithaca
Date: (1978)
Extent: pp. 307

Notes: Focus on Jeffersonians rather than on TJ; contends that ideology of the Revolution shaped the thinking of the Republican party in the early national years.

Reference: 2550
Author: Bannon, Henry
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Naturalist."
Publication: Forest and Stream
Volume: 90
Date: (1920)
Extent: 548-49

Notes: General note.

Reference: 2123
Author: Bar, Max
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, eine Entwicklungsgeschichte seiner demokratischen Ideen."
Publication: Ph.D. dissertation
Publisher: University of Erlangen
Date: (1951)
Extent: none given

Notes: no note

Reference: 459
Author: Baridon, Michel and Bernard Chevignard, eds
Title: Voyage et tourisme en bourgogne à l'époque de Jefferson: Travelling through Burgundy in the age of Jefferson.
Publisher: Éditions universitaires de Dijon. Publications de L'Université de Bourgogne
Place of Publication: Dijon:
Volume: LXVI.
Date: (1988)
Extent: 157.

Notes: Collected papers from a conference held to commemorate the two hundredth anniversary of TJ's tour through Burgundy and the south of France; relevant essays, focusing on TJ's travels in Burgundy, his interest in food, wine and other aspects of French culture, are individually annotated below.

Reference: 475
Author: Baridon, Michel
Title: "Les méthodes d'observation de Jefferson"
Publication: Voyage et Tourisme en Bourgogne, ed. Baridon et Chevignard (see above)
Publisher: Éditions universitaires de Dijon. Publications de L'Université de Bourgogne
Place of Publication: Dijon:
Volume: LXVI.
Date: (1988)
Extent: 117-30.

Notes: Suggestive meditation on TJ's notes taken during his tour through France as more interesting for the way in which they show us how to think and write than for the information they offer on France in 1787. Argues that TJ's method of observation and attitude toward the usefulness of particular facts is grounded in the Empiricism of Locke and Boyle, but under the influence of French thinkers and experience his understanding is evolving toward that of the ideologues such as Destutt de Tracy, even toward the positivism of the nineteenth century. His journals of 1787 reveal the "humanisme scientifique" which simultaneously grounds him in an older scientific tradition of the Enlightenment and suggests a more skeptical awareness of human fallibility which characterized important French thinkers after the Terror. In French.

Reference: 1128
Author: Barker, Bill
Title: “Following Jefferson's Traces in France,”
Publication: Colonial Williamsburg
Volume: 18
Date: (Autumn, 1995)
Extent: 71-75.

Notes: Members of Williamsburg's Raleigh Tavern Society toured France in TJ's footsteps. Author, a skilled impersonator of TJ at Williamsburg, led the tours.

Reference: 86
Author: Barkley, Alben W.
Title: "This is the Fourth of July; Jefferson Still Lives.
Publication: Vital Speeches
Volume: 9
Date: (1943)
Extent: 628-31

Notes: Jefferson Day speech at the Univ. of Virginia, June 4, 1943.

Reference: 2124
Author: Barlieb, Calvin
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Conception of Democracy."
Publication: School and Society
Volume: 59
Date: (1944)
Extent: 241-43

Notes: General sketch.

Reference: 96
Author: Barman, Sol.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Madmen and Geniuses: The Vice Presidents of the United States.
Publisher: Follett
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1974)
Extent: 21-25

Notes: Trivial

Reference: 2551
Author: Barmore, Ida M.
Title: "Facts Worth Knowing About Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Popular Educator
Volume: 43
Date: (1926)
Extent: 450-51

Notes: no note

Reference: 2552
Author: Barnard, Henry?
Title: "Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: American Journal of Education
Volume: 27
Date: (1877)
Extent: 513-50

Notes: Memoir and survey of TJ's views on education and his work to further it.

Reference: 2553
Author: Barneaud, Charles
Title: "Jefferson et reducation en Virginie."
Publication: Revue International d'Enseignement
Volume: 29
Date: (1895)
Extent: 423-57

Notes: TJ's design for a university prompted reforms in established schools and became the model for the state land grant schools. The University of Virginia has fallen on hard times, however, and does not fulfill its promise. Printed separately, Paris: Armand Colin, 1895. pp. 86.

Reference: 87
Author: Barnes, Harry Elmer
Title: The New History and the Social Studies.
Publication: Century
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1925)
Extent: 235-47

Notes: Personalities of Hamilton and TJ discussed as an illustration "of the application of the newer psychology to historical biography." TJ, an introvert in the Jungian mode, was terrified of his father, "a gruff giant with a tremendous temper," and he obtained "considerable of psychic release ... by assaults upon kings." Reworking of material in 88 infra.

Reference: 88
Author: Barnes, Harry Elmer
Title: "Some Reflections on the Possible Service of Analytical Psychology to History."
Publication: Psychoanalytic Review
Volume: 8
Date: (1921)
Extent: 22-37

Notes: Contends TJ has "anti-authority" and "inferiority" complexes.

Reference: 2125
Author: Barnes, Howard A.
Title: "The Idea That Caused a War: Horace Bushnell Versus Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: The Journal of Church and State
Volume: 16
Date: (1974)
Extent: 73-83

Notes: Bushnell's organicism opposed TJ's individualism, and Bushnell believed TJ had made the Civil War inevitable by substituting the social contract for the covenant.

Reference: 131
Author: Barnouw, Jeffrey
Title: "The Pursuit of Happiness in Jefferson and Its Background in Bacon and Hobbes."
Publication: Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy
Volume: 11
Date: (1983)
Extent: 225-48.

Notes: Argues for a connection between the ideas of the pursuit of happiness and a spirit of enterprise, "a sense of venturesome self-reliance which is essential to happiness" and is grounded in the thinking of Bacon and Hobbes. Claims their "psychology of endeavor" differs from Locke's denial of the freedom of the will, (although it is debatable if TJ and most of his compatriots would have read Locke in this way). Interestingly suggests that Bacon's conception of science as a disciplining of the mind through deliberate experience figures in the tradition of American republicanism which notably differed from classical republicanism in its acceptance of time as a medium of change and chance. Concedes that Hobbes had no overt influence in Revolutionary America, but suggests that his ideas made their influence felt through the works of Priestley, Blackstone, Hume, Hutcheson, and Locke. An ambitious and challenging essay.

Reference: 301
Author: Barnouw, Dagmar
Title: "Speech Regained: Hannah Arendt and the American Revolution."
Publication: Clio
Volume: 15
Date: (1986)
Extent: 137-52.

Notes: Claims Arendt's On Revolution is a "political fiction about men as political actors engaged in the unconstrained presentation of speech acts," and looks at her version of TJ, discussing what he meant by "happiness" in the famous phrase. Arendt, she claims, separates public and private spheres and then claims that TJ understood happiness in the public sphere. Shows that TJ did not make this distinction so clearly as Arendt claims, and he did not locate the realm of happiness exclusively in the public sphere.

Reference: 2554
Author: Barnwell, John
Title: "Monticello: 1856."
Publication: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
Volume: 34
Date: (1975)
Extent: 280-85

Notes: Prints a mss. dated May 20, 1856, describing a visit to Monticello; visitors thought the sky room was a ball room.

Reference: 818
Author: Baron, Robert C., ed.
Title: Jefferson, the Man: In His Own Words .
Publication: Fulcrum
Place of Publication: Golden, CO.
Date: (1993)
Extent: pp. xv, 54.

Notes: Introductions by editor and by John Y. Cole on “The Legacy of Thomas Jefferson” and “Thomas Jefferson and the Library of Congress. ” Extracts from TJ's writings organized under 12 headings.

Reference: 2555
Author: Baron, Sherry
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: Scientist as Politician."
Publication: Synthesis
Volume: 3
Date: (1975)
Extent: 6-21

Notes: Summarizes the dispute with Buffon and notices its political implications.

Reference: 89
Author: Barr, Stringfellow
Title: "L'lnfluence Francaise sur Jefferson."
Publication: Le Moniteur Franco-Americain
Volume: 14
Date: (1930)
Extent: 13, 17

Notes: no note

Reference: 2556
Author: Barr, Stringfellow
Title: "'Jefferson's University'."
Publication: Commonwealth, The Magazine of Virginia
Volume: 2
Date: (1935)
Extent: 7-8

Notes: Sketch

Reference: 90
Author: Barre, W. L.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Lives of Illustrious Men of America, Distinguished in the Annals of the Republic as Legislators Warriors, and Philosophers.
Publisher: W.A. Clarke
Place of Publication: Cincinnati
Date: (1859)
Extent: 118-68

Notes: Sympathetic sketch.

Reference: 91
Author: Barrett, Clifton Waller
Title: Thomas Jefferson, The American
Publisher: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1979)
Extent: pp. 15

Notes: Biographical sketch; Independence Day Address.

Reference: 92
Author: Barrett, Marvin
Title: Meet Thomas Jefferson
Publisher: Random House
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1967)
Extent: pp. 86

Notes: Juvenile.

Reference: 1379
Author: Barrett, Jay A.
Title: "The Law of 1784; Jefferson's Draft"
Publication: Evolution of the Ordinance of 1787, With An Account of the Earlier Plans for the Government of the Northwest Territory
Publisher: Putnam's
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1891)
Extent: 17-23

Notes: Described TJ's 1784 committee report on a form of temporary government for the Northwest Territory.

Reference: 2557
Author: Barrett, Clifton Waller
Title: "The Struggle to Create a University."
Publication: VQR
Volume: 49
Date: (1973)
Extent: 494-506

Notes: TJ's difficulties in bringing about the Univ. of Virginia; also printed separately, Charlottesville: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation, 1973. pp. 18.

Reference: 93
Author: Barry, Joseph
Title: "Jefferson in Paris."
Publication: Saturday Review
Volume: 3
Date: (1976)
Extent: 20-22

Notes: TJ as visitor in Paris; derivative.

Reference: 94
Author: Barry, William T.
Title: Speech of William T. Barry, Esq., on the Death of Adams, Jefferson, and Shelby. Delivered in Lexington on Tuesday, Fifteenth August, One Thousand Eight Hundred and Twenty Six.
Publisher: John Bradford
Place of Publication: Lexington, KY
Date: (1826)
Extent: pp. 24

Notes: Isaac Shelby died on July 18th; pays particular attention to the deathbed scenes of TJ and Adams.

Reference: 2558
Author: Barth, Hans
Title: Monticello Suite, Five Compositions For Piano
Publisher: J. Fischer
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1941)
Extent: none

Notes: No words.

Reference: 95
Author: Bartley, Thomas Welles
Title: The Address of T.W. Bartley, Before the Jefferson National Monumental Association. Delivered October 16, 1882.
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1882)
Extent: pp.7

Notes: Call for a monument to TJ in Washington, DC

Reference: 1380
Author: Barton, George
Title: "When in the Course ..."
Publication: Christian Science Monitor Magazine
Date: (1936)
Extent: 3, 14

Notes: On the rough draft of the Declaration and TJ's authorship.

Reference: 97
Author: Basso, Hamilton
Title: "Farewell and Hail to Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Mainstream
Publisher: Reynal and Hitchcock
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1943)
Extent: 23-43

Notes: Unconvincing discussion of TJ as a "Rousseauist."

Reference: 1381
Author: Bates, George Williams
Title: The Establishment of American Independence as Related to the Louisiana Purchase, With a Review of the Historical Work of the National Society, Sons of the American Revolution
Publisher: n.p.
Date: (1905?)
Extent: pp. 20

Notes: no note

Reference: 2560
Author: Bates, Kenneth
Title: "The Eye of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: House and Garden
Volume: 148
Date: (1976)
Extent: 32-33, 139

Notes: Report on the National Gallery exhibit.

Reference: 646
Author: Battle, John D., Jr.
Title: "The 'periodical head achs' of Thomas Jefferson,"
Publication: Cleveland Clinic Quarterly
Volume: 51
Date: (1984)
Extent: 531-39.

Notes: Argues that TJ's headaches were more likely of the nervous tension variety than of the classic migraine type.

Reference: 98
Author: Battle, George Gordon
Title: New York and Jefferson, An Address
Publisher: n.p.
Date: (1926)
Extent: pp. 11

Notes: Speech at Monticello, cataloguing TJ's links with New York.

Reference: 2126
Author: Bauer, Gerald
Title: "The Quest for Religious Freedom in Virginia."
Publication: Historical Magazine of the Protestant Episcopal Church
Volume: 41
Date: (1972)
Extent: 83-93

Notes: Account of the passage of the Bill for Establishing Religious Freedom.

Reference: 779
Author: Bauerlein, Mark
Title: “Economizing America: Virginia Farmer, Tuskegee Student,”
Publication: Cultural Critique
Volume: 20
Date: (1992)
Extent: 89-122.

Notes: Discusses the ways in which American writers “enframe” space. Some writers attempt to frame American space as land and see land as economy without subdividing it in to discrete commodities; others undermine the myth of “America” by restoring to it its history and the necessity of its borders and exchanges. TJ, an example of the former, proposed that American individuals could maintain their Americanness (and their individuality) by supplying their wants entirely from the resources of the land and by withdrawing from economic exchanges. Booker T. Washington proposes that Americans encourage the commodification of American land but that “they master the exchanges incumbent upon commodity culture.”

Reference: 2561
Author: Baugh, Albert C.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Linguistic Liberal"
Publication: Studies for William A. Read; A Miscellany Presented by Some of His Colleagues and Friends, eds. Nathaniel M. Caffee and Thomas A. Kirby
Publisher: Louisiana State University Press
Place of Publication: University, La.
Date: (1940)
Extent: 88-108

Notes: Surveys TJ's interest in Old English and in the history of the language; contends his liberalism consisted of trust in usage rather than grammatic rules and a belief in the continuity of the development of English.

Reference: 242
Author: Baum, Rosalie Murphy
Title: "The Burden of Myth: The Role of the Farmer in American Literature."
Publication: North Dakota Quarterly.
Volume: 53
Date: (Fall, 1985)
Extent: 4-24.

Notes: Points to disparity between myths about idyllic farmers and the actualities of farm life. Discusses TJ as a formulator of the rural ideal and exposes some inherent contradictions in his most famous statements about farmers (in Notes and the 1785 letter to John Jay). They reflect a distrust of human relationships and yet commit farmers to a world of trade and commerce in order to obtain manufactured goods; his implicit praise for small landowners is belied by the size of his own establishment, and his work as an experimental farmer confirms his recognition of the need for cooperation in agricultural societies. Also considers his changing views on agriculture and manufactures as well as the considerable array of predecessors who contributed to the rural myth of America.

Reference: 780
Author: Baumgarten, Linda
Title: “Under Waistcoats and Drawers,”
Publication: Dress
Volume: 19
Date: (1992)
Extent: 4-16.

Notes: Discusses the construction and materials of the underclothing worn by TJ and by Thomas Coutts as examples of masculine dress in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. TJ and Coutts kept themselves warm with under waistcoats, undershirts, drawers, and underdrawers, maintaining the layered look.

Reference: 852
Author: Baumgarten, Linda R.
Title: "Jefferson's Clothing"
Publication: The Magazine Antiques
Volume: 144
Date: (July, 1993)
Extent: 100-05.

Notes: TJ's clothes responded to changes infashion but were slected for serviceability--keeping warm since he was particularly sensitive to cold--and sometimes for economy. He was apparently fond of red vests. Illustrated.

Reference: 74
Author: Baumgarth, William F.
Title: "A Religious People: Political Philosophy, Civil Religion, and the American Polity."
Publication: Journal of Dharma
Volume: 7
Date: (1982)
Extent: 26-45.

Notes: Focuses on the supposed tension in liberalism between regarding religion as merely the maintenance of opinion even as it requires that opinion for smooth operation of the polity. Sees TJ as closest American theorist to Locke and describes him as a "republican deist," but contends that the Declaration ultimately points not to the deists' "architect of the universe" but to a personal and active God. Poorly edited and proofread attempt to reinscribe a more conservative TJ and Declaration.

Reference: 1382
Author: Bayard, James A.
Title: Remarks in the Senate of the United States January 31, 1855, Vindicating the Late James A. Bayard, of Delaware, and Refuting the Groundless Charges contained in the "Anas" of Thomas Jefferson, Aspersing His Character
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1855)
Extent: pp. 14

Notes: Rpt. Wilmington, Del. : Thomas F. Bayard, 1907. pp. 38. In the Anas TJ claimed Bayard tried to bribe Samuel Smith to vote for Burr for president in 1800, or so Edward Livingston told him.

Reference: 1383
Author: Bayard, Richard H.
Title: Documents Relating to the Presidential Election in the Year 1801: Containing a Refutation of Two Passages in the Writings of Thomas Jefferson, Aspersing the Character of the Late James A. Bayard of Delaware
Publisher: Mifflin & Parry
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1831)
Extent: pp. 14

Notes: no note

Reference: 2127
Author: Beach, Curtis
Title: "The Freedom of Religion."
Publication: New Outlook
Volume: 10
Date: (1957)
Extent: 19-24

Notes: Fanciful version of TJ's work for religious freedom, complete with imagined dialogue.

Reference: 853
Author: Beahan, C. R.
Title: "The Jefferson Year"
Publication: Travel Holiday
Volume: 176
Date: (March, 1993)
Extent: 48-49.

Notes: Note on the Monticello 250th birthday exhibit and information on other celebrations of TJ across the country.

Reference: 1384
Author: Bean, W. G.
Title: "Anti-Jeffersonianism in the Ante-Bellum South."
Publication: North Carolina Historical Review
Volume: 12
Date: (1935)
Extent: 103-24

Notes: Maps the Democratic Party's repudiation of the radical, democratic ideas of TJ, chiefly in terms of speeches in Congress. Sees slavery as the key issue.

Reference: 2562
Author: Bean, William B.
Title: "Mr. Jefferson's Influence on American Medical Education: Some Notes on the Medical School of the University of Virginia."
Publication: Virginia Medical Monthly
Volume: 87
Date: (1960)
Extent: 669-80

Notes: Rambling essay; TJ introduced or fostered among other innovations the first full time clinical teaching in America, conservatism in drugging and bloodletting, and the development of a medical school in a university setting. Considerable attention also to the contributions of Robley Dunglison.

Reference: 302
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Monticello"
Publication: Thomas Jefferson: A Reference Biography, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (see above).
Publisher: Scribners,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1986)
Extent: 437-452.

Notes: The former curator of Monticello writes an excellent account of how TJ lived in his home and the fortunes and misfortunes of the house after his death. Good overview of the history of the house and of the admirers of TJ who in various ways have kept it going.

Reference: 99
Author: Bear, James A. Jr.
Title: "Accounts of Monticello: 1780-1878, A Selective Bibliography."
Publication: Magazine of Albermarle County History
Volume: 21
Date: (1963)
Extent: 13-27

Notes: Checklist of first hand accounts, arranged chronologically.

Reference: 100
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "The Hemings Family of Monticello."
Publication: Virginia Cavalcade
Volume: 29
Date: (1979)
Extent: 78-87

Notes: Carefully researched account of the Hemings family in TJ's time reveals a set of able, intelligent workers.

Reference: 101
Author: Bear, James A., Jr., ed.
Title: Jefferson at Monticello
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia Press
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1967)
Extent: pp. xiv, 144

Notes: Collects Isaac Jefferson's Memoirs of a Monticello Slave and Hamilton Wilcox Pierson's Jefferson at Monticello, with an introduction by the editor.

Reference: 102
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "The Last Few Days in the Life of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Magazine of Albemarle County History
Volume: 32
Date: (1974)
Extent: 63-79

Notes: Well-researched account of the death and burial of TJ.

Reference: 103
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Mr. Jefferson's Nails."
Publication: Magazine of Albemarle County History
Volume: 16
Date: (1958)
Extent: 47-52

Notes: On TJ's nail-making business. Technically successful, its accounts were not well managed, and since all due bills were not collected, it probably lost money in its later years.

Reference: 104
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Monticello, Home of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Stamps
Volume: 94
Date: (1956)
Extent: 446-48

Notes: Account related to the issue of the 20¢ Monticello postage stamp on April 13, 1956.

Reference: 105
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Monticello: Jefferson's Palladian Retreat."
Publication: Museum News
Volume: 39
Date: (1961)
Extent: 20-23

Notes: Short account of the house as it was in TJ's time and a discussion of research resources used in restoration and preservation.

Reference: 106
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Ladies."
Publication: Augusta Historical Bulletin
Volume: 6
Date: (1970)
Extent: 4-19

Notes: Thoughtful account of TJ's relations with women. Finds him "more thoughtful than sentimental, more conventional and utilitarian than advanced.

Reference: 2563
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "The Furniture and Furnishings of Monticello."
Publication: Antiques
Volume: 102
Date: (1972)
Extent: 112-23

Notes: Good discussion of TJ's acquisition of furniture over the years. Illustrated.

Reference: 2564
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: Jefferson's Advice to His Children and Grandchildren on Their Reading
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1967)
Extent: pp. 33

Notes: While there is no list of TJ's recommendations for reading by the very young, there are indications of books recommended to and read by his children and grandchildren prior to their 16th birthdays. Books are described and documented.

Reference: 2565
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: Old Pictures of Monticello
Publisher: Univ. Press of Virginia
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1957)
Extent: pp. 31

Notes: Includes some of TJ's drawings; shows the changing appearance.

Reference: 2566
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Manufacturer."
Publication: The Iron Worker
Volume: 25
Date: (1961)
Extent: 1-11

Notes: Account of TJ's nailery, joinery, and weaving shop operations at Monticello based on account books and archeological explorations.

Reference: 2567
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Art Collection."
Publisher: n.p.
Date: (1967)
Extent: pp.6

Notes: Mimeographed sheets. Discusses the sale of part of TJ's collection in Boston in 1828-1833; lists 51 paintings with descriptions from TJ's 1809 catalogue.

Reference: 2568
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: Thomas Jefferson's Book-Marks
Publisher: Alderman Library of the Univ. of Virginia
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1958)
Extent: pp. 10

Notes: Issued to commemorate the visit of the Grolier Club to the University and to Monticello.

Reference: 2569
Author: Bear, James A., Jr.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Silver."
Publication: Antiques
Volume: 74
Date: (1958)
Extent: 33-36

Notes: Illustrated account of TJ's silver based on account books and letters, including an account of the basis for the widely reproduced "Jefferson cups."

Reference: 107
Author: Beard, Charles A.
Title: "Jefferson in America Now."
Publication: Yale Review
Volume: 25
Date: (1935)
Extent: 241-57

Notes: Argues that conservative appeals to TJ's authority against the New Deal are mistaken in their understanding of him.

Reference: 108
Author: Beard, Reed
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Brief Biographies of American Presidents, Embracing an Authentic Account of the Lives and Times of Our Presidents from the Ancestry of Washington to Cleveland's Administration.
Publisher: Spring, Emerson, and Co.
Place of Publication: Lafayette, Ind.
Date: (1886)
Extent: 102-42

Notes: no note

Reference: 1385
Author: Beard, Charles A
Title: Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy
Publisher: Macmillan
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1915)
Extent: pp. ix, 474

Notes: A classic study. Final chapter focuses on "Jefferson's Economics and Politics" (415-67), and claims that TJ recognized the antagonism between capitalistic and agrarian interests and made the latter the peculiar concern of the Republican party. He claimed the Constitution as a Republican document, favored judicial control of legislation (until crossed by John Marshall), and came to espouse a wide suffrage free of property qualifications.

Reference: 1386
Author: Beard, Charles A.
Title: Jefferson, Corporations and the Constitution
Publisher: National Home Library Foundation
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1936)
Extent: pp. 93

Notes: The Beard thesis popularized and applied to the development of corporations. TJ opposed to "monopolies," i.e. corporations, and thus he should not be co-opted by conservative politicians of 1936. TJ believed in strict construction, among other reasons, because of fears of the U. S. Bank's potential ability to drain the earnings of agriculture.

Reference: 1387
Author: Beard, Charles A.
Title: "Some Economic Origins of Jeffersonian Democracy."
Publication: AHR
Volume: 19
Date: (1913)
Extent: 282-98

Notes: Members of Congress in 1790 voting on funding securities to assume state debts "represented the dominant interest of their respective constituencies rather than their personal interests" as TJ later charged in the Anas.

Reference: 2128
Author: Beard, Charles A.
Title: "Jefferson and the New Freedom."
Publication: New Republic
Volume: l
Date: (1914)
Extent: 18-19

Notes: Argues that TJ's agrarianism is at the core of his political philosophy. If so, then in view of the triumph of capitalism and industrialism, what message has TJ for the Wilson Democrats who claim to derive their "New Freedom" from him?

Reference: 2129
Author: Beard, Charles A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: A Civilized Man."
Publication: MVHR
Volume: 30
Date: (1943)
Extent: 159-70

Notes: "... republic--res publica: the public good, as incorporated in the idea of civilization, was for Mr. Jefferson a more fitting conception than democracy to be applied to American society..."

Reference: 2570
Author: Beard, Eva
Title: "Father of His Country's Housing."
Publication: New York Times Magazine
Date: (1946)
Extent: 24

Notes: Note on TJ as architect.

Reference: 2571
Author: Beard, Eva
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Statesman and Scientist."
Publication: Nature Magazine
Volume: 51
Date: (1958)
Extent: 202-04

Notes: Survey of scientific interests, based on secondary sources.

Reference: 1232
Author: Beardsley, John
Title: “Doing Jefferson Wrong,”
Publication: Landscape Architecture
Volume: 86
Date: (July 1996)
Extent: 136, 135.

Notes: New buildings for the University of Virginia's Darden School of Business Administration fail to capture the spirit of TJ's original design for the University, particularly because they fail “to suggest the intimate connection with nature that Jefferson designed into the Lawn. ”

Reference: 1388
Author: Beatty, James Paul
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and Slavery."
Publication: M.A. thesis
Publisher: North Texas State Univ
Date: (1973)
Extent: pp. 141

Notes: no note

Reference: 109
Author: Beck, James M.
Title: The Memory of Jefferson, An Address Delivered at a Stated Meeting of the Sons of the Revolution in the District of Columbia on the 150th Anniversary of the Birth of Thomas Jefferson.
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1928)
Extent: pp. 8

Notes: Laudatory oration.

Reference: 110
Author: Beck, James M.
Title: The Scholar in Politics. An Oration Delivered at Celebration of the One Hundred and Seventy-first Anniversary of the Birthday of Thomas Jefferson on Founders Day, April 13, 1914, at the University of Virginia. n.p.,
Date: (1914)
Extent: pp. 27

Notes: Rambling praise.

Reference: 2130
Author: Becker, Carl
Title: The Declaration of Independence: A Study in the History of Political Ideas
Publisher: Harcourt Brace
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1922)
Extent: pp. x, 286

Notes: An important analysis of the premises underlaying the Declaration and its evolution from TJ's first draft. Considers also the literary qualities of the Declaration and its influence in the 18th century. A significant study which can be supplemented with but not replaced by Garry Wills' Inventing America. Rpt. with new introduction, New York: Knopf, 1942.

Reference: 2131
Author: Becker, Carl
Title: "What Is Still Living in the Political Philosophy of Thomas Jefferson?"
Publication: Proceedings of the APS
Volume: 87
Date: (1943)
Extent: 201-10

Notes: Also in AHR. 48(1943), 691-706. "In respect to fundamentals, Jefferson's political philosophy is still valid for us; in respect to what is more superficial: in respect to certain favorite institutional forms: it is outmoded." Latter particularly true in regard to "banks and speculation, cities and industrial communities," and TJ's laissez faire doctrines.

Reference: 1389
Author: Beckman, Gail M.
Title: "Three Penal Codes Compared."
Publication: American Journal of Legal History
Volume: 10
Date: (1976)
Extent: 148-73

Notes: Compares TJ's code of 1776 for Virginia, Edward Livingston's for Louisiana, and David Dudley Field's for New York. Claims that TJ's was an expression of the Enlightenment and made way for penal code reforms in other states.

Reference: 1
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Thomas Jefferson and Science. Exhibition Catalogue.
Publisher: National Museum of American History.
Place of Publication: Washington:
Date: (1981)
Extent: 16.

Notes: Listed as # 2574 in TJCAB . Surveys the range of TJ's scientific interests; see the author's 1990 scientific biography of TJ, listed below, for his fullest statement on this subject.

Reference: 2
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Declaration of Independence Desk: Relic of Revolution.
Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Place of Publication: Washington:
Date: (1981)
Extent: vii, 112.

Notes: Listed as # 111 in TJCAB. Pursues the history of TJ's lap desk and in the course of the discussion covers the occasion of the writing of the Declaration, the house in Philadelphia where he wrote it, the subsequent history of the desk up to its donation to the nation, and the manufacture and dispersal of several facsimile desks (which have sometimes been mistaken for the original). Illustrations of the desk, the Graff house in which TJ wrote the decoration, and of ancillary correspondence add to the value of this delightfully antiquarian study.

Reference: 75
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "Jefferson: Man of Science."
Publication: Frontiers (Annual of the American Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia)
Volume: 3
Date: (1982)
Extent: 10-23.

Notes: Excellent article-length treatment of TJ's interests in science. Makes the distinction that he should more accurately be termed a "man of science" rather than a "scientist." Traces subsequent history of his scientific collections; the fossils have ended up in the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

Reference: 170
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Thomas Jefferson and His Copying Machines.
Publisher: University Press of Virginia,
Place of Publication: Charlottesville:
Date: (1984)
Extent: xvi, 239.

Notes: Thoroughly researched account of TJ's efforts to preserve copies of his letters and papers, first through use of a copy press, later by means of the polygraph. Discussion focuses on the latter device, including its earlier versions, and provides insight on TJ's relationship with Charles Willson Peale, the manufacturer of his polygraphs. Explains the drawbacks and continuing problems with the device and illumines TJ's efforts to encourage its use by others. Although copying machines might be considered one more minor "gadget" in TJ's gallery of useful contrivances, the author's solid scholarship is both entertaining and finally suggestive in several directions concerning TJ's production of writing.

Reference: 184
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "The Scientific Instruments of the Lewis and Clark Expedition."
Publication: Great Plains Quarterly
Volume: 4
Date: (1984)
Extent: 54-69.

Notes: Informative account of the instruments used on the Lewis and Clark expedition. TJ had definite opinions about the scientific data to be collected and the instruments to be used. He made his library and instruments available to Lewis for his instruction in their use, and he consulted with numerous scientific experts for advice on the expedition's scientific program. Lewis selected the actual instruments which are now dispersed and lost. Discusses use of various instruments. Illustrated with photographs of similar period scientific instruments.

Reference: 234
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Thomas Jefferson and American Vertebrate Paleontology.
Publisher: Commonwealth of Virginia,
Place of Publication: Virginia Division of Mineral Resources Publication 61. Charlottesville:
Date: (1985)
Extent: [vi], 26.

Notes: If TJ was not the first American to collect and study vertebrate paleontological remains, he was more than any other American responsible for popularizing the subject and for preserving many fossil specimens. His interest developed as he began preparing the manuscript of Notes on the State of Virginia , and over the next three decades he expended considerable time, effort, and financial expense in pursuing new finds. An authoritative account, describing his interest in the finds at Big Bone Lick and elsewhere, the megalonyx, and his support of the American Philosophical Society's collection. Illustrated.

Reference: 303
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "Man of Science"
Publication: Thomas Jefferson: A Reference Biography, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (see above).
Publisher: Scribners,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1986)
Extent: 253-276.

Notes: Good survey of TJ's interests in science, including the role of science in modern education. Comments on his encouragement of scientific societies, his gathering of scientific and technological information while on his travels, and his willingness to encourage networks of information and practice, such as Benjamin Waterhouse's proposal for a nationwide vaccination program. See also the author's 1990 full length study of TJ and science, listed below.

Reference: 593
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Thomas Jefferson: Statesman of Science.
Publisher: Macmillan,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1990)
Extent: xviii, 616.

Notes: A biographical study of TJ which focuses on his interests in science and technology. This book differs from Edwin T. Martin's 1952 thematically organized monograph on TJ as scientist by putting his scientific activities and thinking more fully into the context of his everyday life, by showing his changing level of interest in particular areas of concern at different periods of his life, and by showing how his scientific imagination was crucially a social activity, something that revealed itself in his correspondence and conversations with those who shared his interests in science. The author is a master of the details of TJ's scientific life, but at time the details eclipse larger questions. The strictly biographic frame is marred by a tendency to impute psychological motives to TJ which are not often objectively supportable, but the book is, nevertheless, a valuable storehouse of information.

Reference: 111
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Declaration of Independence Desk, Relic of Revolution
Publisher: Smithsonian Institution Press
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1981)
Extent: pp.vii, 112

Notes: no note

Reference: 2572
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "Godfather of American Invention"
Publication: The Smithsonian Book of Invention
Publisher: Smithsonian Exposition Books/W. W. Norton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1978)
Extent: 82-85

Notes: TJ as tinkerer and first administrator of the patent office.

Reference: 2573
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and His Watches."
Publication: Hobbies
Volume: 61
Date: (1967)
Extent: 38-39

Notes: Brief, informative note.

Reference: 2574
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: Thomas Jefferson and Science. Exhibition Catalogue
Publication: National Museum of American History
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1981)
Extent: pp. (16)

Notes: Survey of TJ's scientific interests; abridged version in Colonial Homes. 7(November/December 1981), 80-83.

Reference: 2575
Author: Bedini, Silvio A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Clock Designer."
Publication: Proceedings of the APS
Volume: 108
Date: (1964)
Extent: 163-80

Notes: Interesting and extensive description of TJ's interests in time pieces and time keeping as well as of his designs for various clocks, including the Great Clock at Monticello. Illustrated.

Reference: 394
Author: Beebe, Lynn A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest."
Publication: Daughters of the American Revolution Magazine.
Volume: 121
Date: (no. 1, 1987)
Extent: 4-7.

Notes: Illustrated account of Poplar Forest and its recent purchase by the non-profit Corporation for Jefferson's Poplar Forest.

Reference: 716
Author: Beebe, Lynn A.
Title: "The Rescue and Restoration of Jefferson's Poplar Forest,"
Publication: Notes on the State of Poplar Forest
Volume: 1
Date: (1991)
Extent: 1-2

Notes: Brief overview of the restoration work going on at TJ's other home.

Reference: 304
Author: Beeman, Richard R.
Title: "The American Revolution"
Publication: Thomas Jefferson: A Reference Biography, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (see above).
Publisher: Scribners,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1986)
Extent: 25-46.

Notes: Looks at TJ's career from 1760 through his governorship of Virginia. Notes the contradictions between TJ's youth and education which would seem to fit him to be a supporter of the status quo and his genuine "streak of radicalism" which centers on his concern for "liberty." Thus, describes the Summary View as marked both by "an angry and belligerent tone" and a line of legal argument "based on a careful and meticulous reading of ancient English history." Suggests the same sort of split in his proposed Virginia Constitution and revision of the laws, and that the issue of slavery most clearly exposed the contradictions. Given the legislative limits on the Virginia governor, TJ did a creditable job, although Benedict Arnold's invasion did catch him off his guard. Informative.

Reference: 296
Author: Beilenson, Nick, ed.
Title: Thomas Jefferson, His Life and Words
Publisher: Peter Pauper Press,
Place of Publication: White Plains, NY:
Date: (1986)
Extent: 63.

Notes: Brief introduction and selected quotations, including the "quotations" on the walls of the Memorial in Washington D.C.

Reference: 132
Author: Beiswanger, William L.
Title: "The Temple in the Garden: Thomas Jefferson's Vision of the Monticello Landscape."
Publication: Eighteenth-Century Life
Volume: 8
Date: (January, 1983)
Extent: 170-88.

Notes: Surveys TJ's proposed temples and garden buildings for Monticello, only one of which was built. The temple he built on the edge of the stone wall overlooking the vegetable garden collapsed by 1827, perhaps because of a poorly laid foundation. His earliest projects were inspired by literary and romantic associations, but he was also interested in constructing historically and archaeologically accurate designs of Chinese, classical, and Palladian architecture. By 1800 he showed more interest in the symbolic values of structures, with a preference for classic forms suggesting the republican vision.

Reference: 647
Author: Beiswanger, William
Title: "Thomas Jefferson" in
Publication: Master Builders: A Guide to American Architecture, ed. Diane Madden.
Publisher: Preservation Press,
Place of Publication: Washington, D.C.:
Date: (1985)
Extent: 24-27.

Notes: Brief but informed account of TJ as architect.

Reference: 854
Author: Beiswanger, William L.
Title: "Jefferson's Sources from Antiquity in the Design of Monticello"
Publication: The Magazine Antiques
Volume: 144
Date: (July, 1993)
Extent: 58-69.

Notes: Well-informed account of TJ's use of classical models and orders in the first and second Monticellos. Illustrated.

Reference: 2576
Author: Beiswanger, William L.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Designs for Garden Structures at Monticello."
Publication: M.A. thesis
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Date: (1977)
Extent: pp. 72

Notes: no note

Reference: 2577
Author: Beiswanger, William
Title: "Jefferson's Designs for Garden Structures at Monticello."
Publication: Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
Volume: 35
Date: (1976)
Extent: 310-12

Notes: Describes plans and ideas from TJ's memorandum books and other sources; discusses the influence of Kames, Whately, and others. Only one garden structure is actually known to have been built.

Reference: 305
Author: Beitzinger, A.
Title: "Political Theorist"
Publication: Thomas Jefferson: A Reference Biography, ed. Merrill D. Peterson (see above).
Publisher: Scribners,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1986)
Extent: 81-100.

Notes: Since TJ's political theory was inextricably linked to his ideas about nature, the moral sense, and natural law, this essay, in fact, looks at TJ's larger philosophical understanding of the world. Suggests that in some ways TJ is more interested in theorizing about society than about politics, and describes his political thought as "predicated more on man's relation to nature than to government." Perhaps accepts too uncritically Morton White's claim for the importance of the influence of Burlamaqui on TJ, but a thoughtful essay nevertheless.

Reference: 76
Author: Bell, Ian F.
Title: "`Speaking in Figures': The Mechanical Thomas Jefferson of Canto 31"
Publication: Ezra Pound: Tactics for Reading, ed. Ian F. Bell
Publisher: Barnes & Noble
Place of Publication: Vision Press / Totowa, NJ
Place of Publication: London:
Date: (1982)
Extent: 148-86.

Notes: Pound was composing Canto 31 in 1933, the same year in which he was writing Jefferson and/or Mussolini . The image of TJ which dominates this poem is the practical, scientific man, the espouser of a materialistic philosophy a la Cabanis and Flourens, and the friend to neology. Pound wished to oppose the factory system, the "masses," and a debased currency by reviving the liberating potential of science and constructive technology as embodied in heroes who got things done, while apparently failing to recognize this Enlightenment program as the source of the modern problem in the first place. With the exception of six lines, all the language of this Canto comes from the correspondence of TJ (mostly) and Adams, emphasizing features of repeatability and autoreflection, "a sense of itself as having been made." One of the best essays on Pound and TJ.

Reference: 133
Author: Bell, Barry
Title: "Reading and `Misreading' the Declaration of Independence."
Publication: Early American Literature
Volume: 18
Date: (1983)
Extent: 71-83.

Notes: Notes the tendency many of our most persuasive readings of the Declaration to map its text against the tradition which supposedly contains its key terms; if it seems hopeless to assess the precise degree of credit each contending "tradition" bears, the history of the Declaration's interpretations points to the complex problem of intertextuality, here evidenced by one of its first interpreters, Peter Whitney, a minister in Northborough, Massachusetts, in 1776. His sermon, American Independence Vindicated , "misreads," i.e. creatively interprets, the Declaration as congruent with the political concerns of Real Whigs as well as with those of evangelical Christians. Encouraged by textual images of slavery, of paternal and Christian responsibility, and of involuntary social and historical rupture, Whitney exploited the protean qualities of the Declaration's text which allowed diverse and even divergent interpretations.

Reference: 134
Author: Bell, David
Title: "Knowledge and The Middle Landscape: Thomas Jefferson's University of Virginia."
Publication: Journal of Architectural Education
Volume: 37
Date: (Winter, 1983)
Extent: 18-26.

Notes: Argues that TJ's plans for the University of Virginia reflect his awareness of his own mediating position between the natural and cultural universes. he thus invented a "middle landscape," one neither wild nor refined, for America, and the University represents his "architectural incarnation." Interesting analysis of the pavilions, concentrating upon the elevations.

Reference: 855
Author: Bell, Judith
Title: "Jefferson's Real Monticello."
Publication: Art & Antiques
Volume: 15
Date: (April, 1993)
Extent: 50-57.

Notes: Account of the 1993 Monticello exhibit curated by Susan Stein sketches the contents of Monticello and TJ's life there. Notes some of the reactions of visitors in TJ's lifetime. Illustrated with photographs by Tria Giovan.

Reference: 112
Author: Bell, Landon C.
Title: Thomas Jefferson, An Address Before the Columbus Chapter of the National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution, n.p
Date: (193?)
Extent: pp. 19

Notes: Loosely organized survey.

Reference: 1390
Author: Bell, Whitfield J., Jr.
Title: The Declaration of Independence, Four 1776 Versions: Jefferson's Manuscript Copy. The First Official Printing by John Dunlap, The First Newspaper Printing, A Unique Printing on Parchment by John Dunlap
Publisher: American Philosophical Society
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1976)
Extent: pp. (24)

Notes: Historical introduction and notes.

Reference: 2132
Author: Bell, Barry Ray
Title: "The Ideology and Rhetoric of the American Revolution."
Publication: Ph.D. dissertation
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Date: (1977)
Extent: pp. 237

Notes: TJ masked ideological differences among the Patriots by conflating the ideology of the Real Whigs with that of the Evangelicals. DAI 39/02A, p. 879.

Reference: 395
Author: Bellah, Robert N.
Title: "The Quest for Common Commitments in a Pluralistic Society."
Publication: Philosophy and Theology
Volume: 2
Date: (Fall, 1987)
Extent: 20-34.

Notes: Arguing for a "deep pluralism" which balances the conflicting appeals of radical individualism and absolutist communalism, offers TJ as an exemplary figure and points to the continuity of his brand of pluralism in the thinking of Emerson and Royce.

Reference: 1391
Author: Bellamy, Francis
Title: Presidents of the United States in the Century, From Jefferson to Fillmore
Publisher: Linscott
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1905)
Extent: 17-108

Notes: A volume in "The Nineteenth Century Series." Brief but perceptive account of TJ's administration tends to be critical of his inability to assess correctly practical problems of government.

Reference: 113
Author: Bellot, H. Hale
Title: "Thomas Jefferson in American Historiography."
Publication: Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
Volume: 5th ser. 4
Date: (1954)
Extent: 135-55

Notes: Considers the treatment particularly after the Civil War of TJ as prophet of national democracy and the embarrassing question of his responsibility for the concept of nullification. Claims there has been no effect reinterpretation of TJ's ideas in light of the distinction drawn between allegiance to the rule of law and primary trust in the rule of the people

Reference: 1392
Author: Belmont, Perry
Title: Survival of the Democratic Principle Including the Tariff Issue
Publisher: Putnam's
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1926)
Extent: pp. vi, 334

Notes: Rambling, discursive account of the way in which TJ has been misread and underrated by subsequent political historians, often for partisan reasons, but also by thoughtlessly accepting the authority of Henry Adams.

Reference: 2133
Author: Belmont, Perry
Title: "Jefferson"
Publication: Political Equality: Religious Toleration from Roger Williams to Jefferson
Publisher: Putnam's
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1927)
Extent: 1 33-36

Notes: Mostly quotations showing TJ was in favor of toleration.

Reference: 114
Author: Beloff, Max
Title: "A 'Founding Father': The Sally Hemings Affair."
Publication: Encounter
Volume: 43
Date: (1974)
Extent: 52-56

Notes: Inconclusive discussion of Fawn Brodie's claims.

Reference: 115
Author: Beloff, Max
Title: Thomas Jefferson and American Democracy
Publisher: Hodder and Stoughton
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1948)
Extent: pp. xi, 271

Notes: A volume in the Teach Yourself History Library, points out the difficult questions about TJ but evades answering them.

Reference: 717
Author: Belohlavek, John M
Title: "Politics, Principle, and Pragmatism in the Early Republic: Thomas Jefferson and the Quest for American Empire."
Publication: Diplomatic History
Volume: 15
Date: (1991)
Extent: 599-605

Notes: Review article on Tucker and Hendrickson's Empire of Liberty (1990) that puts it in context of other studies of TJ's statecraft. Classes it with other recent "neofederalist tracts" on TJ that will "cause concern in Charlottesville."

Reference: 1038
Author: Belz, Herman
Title: “In Pursuit of Jeffersonian Constitutionalism,”
Publication: Capital University Law Review
Volume: 23
Date: (1994)
Extent: 1139-48.

Notes: Review essay of David Mayer's Constitutional Thought of Thomas Jefferson . Contends contra Mayer, however, that it is difficult to claim TJ as a conservative because of his “zeal for constitutional change,” but argues that “the best feature of his constitutional thought” was his awareness of the need to “bind down government. ” A view of TJ that tries to understand his thinking in the context of his time creates difficulties in articulating why is thought is of continuing theoretical importance.

Reference: 1393
Author: Bemis, Samuel Flagg
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The American Secretaries of State and Their Diplomacy
Publisher: Knopf
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1927)
Extent: 3-93

Notes: TJ was the best man of his time to guide the diplomacy of his country, even though his handling of affairs was hampered by his rivalry with Hamilton and by Hamilton's actions.

Reference: 819
Author: Ben-Atar, Doron S.
Title: The Origins of Jeffersonian Commercial Policy and Diplomacy .
Publisher: Macmillan/New York: St. Martin's Press
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1993)
Extent: pp. ix, 261.

Notes: Thoroughly grounded in contemporary scholarship, but a tendency to generalize, to be reductive, and to use quotations from TJ rather unhistorically significantly lessens the value of this study. Sees TJ's thinking as caught in the paradoxical endorsement of free trade and suspicion or contempt for commerce without discriminating sufficiently between internal and external commerce, commerce as a medium for exchanging goods and commerce that is, in TJ's understanding, “gambling” or “speculation. ” Admittedly TJ was seldom explicit on these distinctions, but they seem important in his thinking about commerce even if unarticulated. Ultimately sees TJ's commercial ideology, diplomacy and policy as bankrupt, revealed as such by the Embargo, “the disaster Jefferson had been courting for over thirty-five years. ”

Reference: 1233
Author: Ben-Atar, Doron
Title: “Private Friendship and Political Harmony?”
Publication: Reviews in American History
Volume: 24
Date: (1996)
Extent: 8-14.

Notes: Review essay of 1996 works by James Morton Smith and Lance Banning on the TJ-Madison relationship. Emphasizes the distance between the two, rather than their “great collaboration,” and their failure to live up to their rhetoric, and their “parochial claims. ”

Reference: 396
Author: Bender, Thomas
Title: "New York as a Center of 'Difference': How America's Metropolis Counters American Myths."
Publication: Dissent.
Volume: 34
Date: (1987)
Extent: 429-35.

Notes: Compares Puritan dream of a city upon a hill and TJ's agrarian ideals with New York's cosmopolitan experience. Claims that while "the New York experience and the outlook associated with that experience posit a political and cultural life based upon difference , the myth of rural and small town America excludes difference from politics and culture. Such exclusion impoverishes civic life, thinning and trivializing the notion of a public culture." TJ's trust in democracy was based upon his assumption of a societal consensus on values. In the agrarian, communal society he envisioned, Leviathan was not needed. His fear of heterogeneity associated with immigration touched on his inability to envision a republic made up of former masters and former slaves.

Reference: 2578
Author: Benet, Stephen Vincent
Title: "Thomas Jefferson 1743-1826"
Publication: A Book of Americans, Rosemary and Stephen Vincent Benet
Publisher: Farrar and Rinehart
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1933)
Extent: 39-41

Notes: TJ's life in ballad form.

Reference: 116
Author: Benjamin, Mary
Title: "More Fun!"
Publication: Collector
Volume: 65
Date: (1952)
Extent: 194-95

Notes: Describes an invitation from TJ, in Meriwether Lewis' hand, to DeWitt Clinton for "dinner and chess."

Reference: 2579
Author: Bennet, Hugh M.
Title: Thomas Jefferson Soil Conservationist
Publisher: Department of Agriculture
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1944)
Extent: pp. 16

Notes: Soil Conservation Service Misc. Pub. 548. TJ as pioneer soil conservationist who practiced crop rotation, deep plowing, and contour plowing. Discusses mid-20th-century condition of his land.

Reference: 117
Author: Bennett, Lerone
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Negro Grandchildren."
Publication: Ebony
Volume: 10
Date: (1954)
Extent: 78-80

Notes: Descendents of Joseph Fossett, supposedly a son of Sally Hemings and TJ. Photographs.

Reference: 118
Author: Bennett, Paul L.
Title: "A Virginian and a Man from Massachusetts."
Publication: New York Times Magazine
Date: (1955)
Extent: 5

Notes: Brief sketch of TJ and John Adams.

Reference: 2134
Author: Bennett, H. Omer
Title: "The Religion of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Social Science
Volume: 5
Date: (1930)
Extent: 460-65

Notes: General survey.

Reference: 2580
Author: Bennett, Richard
Title: "A Confident Idealist."
Publication: House and Garden
Volume: 83
Date: (1943)
Extent: 20-23

Notes: On the architecture and furnishings of Monticello.

Reference: 119
Author: Benson, Samuel P.
Title: "Origin of Article VIII., Literature in the Constitution of Maine."
Publication: Collections of the Maine Historical Society
Volume: 7
Date: (1876)
Extent: 239-42

Notes: Governor William King stated that TJ wrote "the substance if not the exact words" of the article on education in the Maine Constitution.

Reference: 2135
Author: Benson, Carl W. Randolph
Title: "Sociological Elements in Selected Writings and Works of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Ph.D. dissertation
Publisher: Louisiana State Univ
Date: (1966)
Extent: pp. 369

Notes: TJ's thinking was based especially upon Locke's and Kames's theories on natural law and natural rights. He can be considered a protosociologist because of his insights into the elements of social control and socio-psychological determinants of human behavior. He was both a theorist and activist, a "practical idealist." DAI 27/08A, p. 2622.

Reference: 2136
Author: Benson, C. Randolph
Title: Thomas Jefferson as Social Scientist
Publisher: Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press
Place of Publication: Rutherford, N.J.
Date: (1971)
Extent: pp. 333

Notes: Revised version of dissertation noted above; as a man interested in finding a science of society, TJ was a precursor of modern social science.

Reference: 648
Author: Benton, Stanley T.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Lover of Books and Learning."
Publication: M.A. thesis.
Publisher: University of Toledo,
Place of Publication: Toledo
Date: (1967)

Notes: Not seen.

Reference: 120
Author: Berenger, Henry
Title: "Jefferson and France"
Publication: Paroles d'Amerique
Publisher: Imprimerie F. Paillart
Place of Publication: Abbeville
Date: (1926)
Extent: 41-66

Notes: Tribute to TJ's affection for France.

Reference: 604
Author: Berger, Raoul
Title: "Justice Samuel Chase v. Thomas Jefferson: A Reply to Stephen Presser."
Publication: Brigham Young University Law Review.
Date: (1990)
Extent: 873-908.

Notes: Attacks Presser's characterization (# 627 below) of TJ as a demagogue, made as part of his argument for an "original intent" of the Framers which involved more of a belief in aristocracy than commonly believed. Contends that aristocracy and monarchy were among the framers' chief fears, and that TJ was indeed the idealist he has been portrayed to be. Chase is no model for a present day conservative jurisprudence, but TJ's democratic values remain central to American life. Presser's essay (1990) cited below.

Reference: 1315
Author: Berger, Raoul
Title: "Jefferson and the Law"
Publication: Reason and Republicanism , ed. McDowell and Noble
Publisher: Rowman and Littlefield
Place of Publication: Lanham MD.
Date: (1997)
Extent: 133-48.

Notes: Comment on TJ's attitudes toward the law, lawyers, and the courts. He respected the first highly, came to deprecate excesses of lawerly behavior ("morbid rage of debate"), and was suspicious of Federalist, partisan judges. Rejects charge that TJ disrespected the law and justifies the attempt to impeach Samuel Chase for judicial misbehavior.

Reference: 1394
Author: Berger, Raoul
Title: "The President, Congress, and the Courts."
Publication: Yale Law Review
Volume: 83
Date: (1974)
Extent: 111-55

Notes: Examines TJ's subpoena by Marshall in the Burr case and contends Marshall never recognized a principle of "executive privilege" exempting presidents from the force of law; goes on to examine the relevance of this for the Nixon-Watergate case. Shorter version published as "Jefferson v. Marshall in the Burr Case." American Bar Association Journal. 69(1974), 702-06.

Reference: 1129
Author: Bergland, Betty
Title: “Patriarchal Rage and the Great Men of Eighteenth-Century Virginia,”
Publication: Journal of Southwest Georgia History
Volume: 10
Date: (1995)
Extent: 85-90.

Notes: Review essay on Kenneth Lockridge's Patriarchal Rage , mostly a summary, that applauds the insight it gives into “the deeper and broader misogyny at the foundation of American culture. ” Suggests that Lockridge does not sufficiently explore a “male ideology” of patriarchy but points to specific women and events as sources for the commonplace entries of William Byrd and TJ. Too easily accepts a simplified version of Lockridge's description of TJ as misogynistic.

Reference: 282
Author: Bergmair, Peter
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Republikanische Theorie."
Publication: Druckerie Blasaditsch
Place of Publication:
Place of Publication: Augsburg
Date: (1986)
Extent: iv, 229.

Notes: "Inaugural-Dissertation zur Elangung des Doktorgrades der Philosophie an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität zu München." Sets TJ's political theory in the context of the American Revolution and the republican possibilities in its discourse, then examines his conceptions of the citizen and of government. In German.

Reference: 2581
Author: Berkeley, Francis L.
Title: "Farmer Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Wisdom
Volume: 1
Date: (1956)
Extent: 72-75

Notes: Shortened version of an essay which originally appeared in Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, ed. Betts.

Reference: 2582
Author: Berkeley, Francis L., Jr.
Title: "Mr. Jefferson's Rotunda: Myths and Realities."
Publication: Univ. of Virginia Alumni News
Volume: 59
Date: (1972)
Extent: 4-9

Notes: Emphasizes TJ's innovative design for the Rotunda, pointing out it is no mere slavish copy of earlier buildings.

Reference: 1395
Author: Berkhofer, Robert P., Jr.
Title: "Jefferson, the Ordinance of 1784, and the Origins of the American Territorial System."
Publication: WMQ
Volume: 3rd ser. 29
Date: (1972)
Extent: 231-62

Notes: Argues that the Ordinance of 1784 is not so strictly in accord with TJ's views as has been previously assumed, nor is the Northwest Ordinance so divergent from his opinions on new territories or from the Ordinance of 1784 itself.

Reference: 2583
Author: Berman, Eleanor
Title: Thomas Jefferson Among the Arts, An Essay in Early Aesthetics
Publication: Philosophical Library
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1947)
Extent: pp. xviii, 305

Notes: Although TJ "had no philosophy of art, ... His esthetic ideas express ... a constellation of attitudes." TJ was "art as one of the first steps toward freedom." Claims a key to TJ's aesthetic principles is Hogarth's serpentine curve. A standard work, but a better is needed.

Reference: 2584
Author: Berman, Eleanor Davidson and E. C. McClintock, Jr.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and Rhetoric."
Publication: Quarterly Journal of Speech
Volume: 33
Date: (1947)
Extent: 1-8

Notes: Claims TJ's views on the art of rhetoric are valid and modern because he emphasized the social values of communication, the importance of accuracy, brevity and simplicity, and a balance between sound reasoning and effective presentation.

Reference: 121
Author: Bernard, John
Title: "Recollections of President Jefferson"
Publication: Retrospectives of America 1797-1811.
Publication: Harper
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1887)
Extent: 232-42

Notes: "His heart was warmed with a love for the whole human race; a bonhomie which fixed your attention the instant he spoke ... his conversational powers capable of discussing moral questions of deepest seriousness, or the lightest themes of humor and fantasy."

Reference: 122
Author: Bernhard, Karl, Duke of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach.
Title: Reise Sr. Hoheit der Herzos Bernhard zu Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach durch Nord-Amerika in den Jahren 1825 und 1826. Hrs. von Heinrich Luden.
Publisher: Wilhelm Hoffman
Place of Publication: Weimar
Date: (1828)
Extent: 1: 296-99

Notes: These pages describe a visit to the Univ. of Virginia and Monticello in November 1825, noting especially TJ's art collection.

Reference: 397
Author: Berns, Walter
Title: "The New Pursuit of Happiness."
Publication: Public Interest
Volume: 86
Date: (1987)
Extent: 65-76.

Notes: Claims the basis of the move by TJ and the Framers of the Constitution to take religion out of politics was provided by the philosophers of natural right, beginning with Hobbes and Locke. In giving Congress power to promote science and the useful arts, the Framers joined America to science and industry; suggests that in this way TJ's "pursuit of happiness" came to be understood as, in Tocqueville's words, pursuing the "good things of life."

Reference: 2137
Author: Bernstein, Samuel
Title: "Jefferson on the French Revolution"
Publication: Essays in Political and Intellectual History
Publisher: Paine-Whitman Publishers
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1955)
Extent: 57-76

Notes: Surveys TJ's views of French society and character and gives a Marxist analysis of him as a thinker shocked by the "ugly manifestations" of capitalism in order to suggest that he had more in common with Robespierre and the Jacobins than with the Girondins. But since he derived most of his information from anti-Robespierrist sources, he leaned more toward the Girondins during their struggle with the Jacobins.

Reference: 2138
Author: Berryman, Charles
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: From Wilderness to Wasteland: The Trial of the Puritan God in the American Imagination
Publisher: Kennikat
Place of Publication: Port Washington, N.Y.
Date: (1979)
Extent: 98-103

Notes: Jejune account of a deist TJ who waged rhetorical warfare on the Puritans.

Reference: 2585
Author: Bestor, Arthur
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Freedom of Books"
Publication: Three Presidents and Their Books
Publisher: Univ. of Illinois Press
Place of Publication: Urbana
Date: (1955)
Extent: 1-44

Notes: Resolves TJ's defence of intellectual liberty and his seemingly contradictory attempts to combat erroneous positions he found in books like Montesquieu's Spirit, Hume's History, and Blackstone's Commentaries. Defends rationale of the Univ. of Virginia Board Visitor's resolution of March 4, 1825.

Reference: 283
Author: Betts, Edwin M., Hazelhurst Bolton Perkins, and Peter J. Hatch
Title: Thomas Jefferson's Flower Garden at Monticello.
Publisher: University Press of Virginia.
Place of Publication: Charlottesville:
Date: (1986)
Extent: ix,96.

Notes: Third edition of book first printed in 1941 (see # 2590 in TJCAB ), now revised and enlarged by Hatch, superintendent of the grounds at Monticello. Useful list of TJ's plants, their common and botanical names, and their characteristics. Handsomely illustrated with color photographs.

Reference: 123
Author: Betts, Edwin Morris and James A. Bear, Jr.
Title: "Introduction" to The Family Letters of Thomas Jefferson.
Publisher: Univ. of Missouri Press
Place of Publication: Columbia
Date: (1966)
Extent: 3-14

Notes: Discusses TJ's family life and family. Letters printed in this collection are annotated and arranged chronologically.

Reference: 2586
Author: Betts, Edwin. M.
Title: "The Correspondence Between Constantine Samuel Rafinesque and Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Proceedings of the APS
Volume: 87
Date: (1943)
Extent: 368-80

Notes: Correspondence reprinted with notes and commentary.

Reference: 2587
Author: Betts, Edwin M.
Title: "Groundplans and Prints of the University of Virginia, 1822-1826."
Publication: Proceedings of the APS
Volume: 90
Date: (1946)
Extent: 81-90

Notes: Using TJ's letters and early views, discusses his interest in the early iconography of the University.

Reference: 2588
Author: Betts, Edwin M.
Title: "Jefferson's Gardens at Monticello."
Publication: Agricultural History
Volume: 19
Date: (1945)
Extent: 180-82

Notes: Brief account of the Monticello gardens.

Reference: 2589
Author: Betts, Edwin Morris, ed.
Title: Thomas Jefferson's Farm Book, With Commentary and Relevant Extracts from Other Writings
Publisher: Princeton Univ. Press. for the American Philosophical Society
Place of Publication: Princeton
Date: (1953)
Extent: pp. xxii, 552

Notes: Facsimile of the Farm Book with transcription, commentary, and supporting material arranged topically. Invaluable.

Reference: 2590
Author: Betts, Edwin M. and Hazlehurst B. Perkins
Title: Thomas Jefferson's Flower Garden at Monticello
Publisher: Dietz Press
Place of Publication: Richmond
Date: (1941)
Extent: pp. 56

Notes: Account of TJ's interest in gardening and the plans of his original gardens as now restored at Monticello. Rpt. Charlottesville: Univ. Press of Virginia, 1971. pp. ix, 60.

Reference: 2591
Author: Betts, Edwin Morris, ed.
Title: Thomas Jefferson's Garden Book, 1766-1824, With relevant extracts from his other writings
Publisher: American Philosophical Society
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1944)
Extent: pp. xiv, 704

Notes: TJ's record of his gardens, substantially augmented by relevant passages from his correspondence, and by significant annotations. A veritable botanical biography.

Reference: 124
Author: Beutin, Ludwig
Title: "Hamilton und Jefferson."
Publication: Historische Zeitschrift
Volume: 177
Date: (1954)
Extent: 495-516

Notes: Surveys twentieth-century historical writing on TJ and Hamilton, arguing that treatment of them reflects both the prejudices of the writers and an increasing scholarly sophistication.

Reference: 125
Author: Bevan, Edith Rossiter, ed.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson in Annapolis, November 25, 1783: May 11, 1784."
Publication: Maryland Historical Magazine
Volume: 41
Date: (1946)
Extent: 115-24

Notes: Transcribes his expense account while delegate to Congress.

Reference: 1396
Author: Beveridge, Albert J.
Title: "Sources of the Declaration of Independence."
Publication: PMHB
Volume: 50
Date: (1926)
Extent: 289-315

Notes: "All the ideas and much of the language" came from the Virginia Bill of Rights, but TJ gave final expression to "the general American thought and feeling."

Reference: 2592
Author: Biancolli, Louis
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Fiddler."
Publication: Life
Volume: 22
Date: (1947)
Extent: 13+

Notes: TJ, his Amati "fiddle," and its supposed peregrinations after his death. Folklore, treated here with little skepticism.

Reference: 1397
Author: Bias, Randolph
Title: "Jefferson and Hamilton."
Publication: West Virginia Law Quarterly
Volume: 33
Date: (1926)
Extent: 1-28

Notes: Address to the State Bar Association; two giants.

Reference: 781
Author: Bice, Raymond C., Jr
Title: “Historical Vignette: Mr. Jefferson's Rotunda.”
Publication: Journal of Neurosurgery
Volume: 76
Date: (May, 1992)
Extent: 883-84.

Notes: Brief history of the Rotunda and its restoration in 1976 to TJ's original design, albeit with modern “amenities” and safety features.

Reference: 126
Author: Biddle, Nicholas
Title: Eulogium on Thomas Jefferson, Delivered Before the American Philosophical Society, on the Eleventh Day of April 1827.
Publisher: Robert H. Small
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1827)
Extent: pp. 55

Notes: TJ was a force for reason, science, and enlightened leadership. One of the most interesting of the eulogies.

Reference: 127
Author: Bierstadt, Edward Hale
Title: "Was Jefferson Right?"
Publication: Reviewer
Volume: 2
Date: (1922)
Extent: 301-05

Notes: no note

Reference: 820
Author: Bigelow, Alden E. C.
Title: “Edward Livingston vs. Thomas Jefferson in the Batture Affair.”
Publication: M.A. thesis, University of Virginia,
Date: (1993)
Extent: pp. 67.

Notes: On the land dispute over riparian lands in New Orleans. Not seen.

Reference: 128
Author: Bigelow, John
Title: "Jefferson's Financial Diary."
Publication: Harper's Magazine
Volume: 70
Date: (1885)
Extent: 534-42

Notes: Detailed description with extracts from TJ's account book from 17911803.

Reference: 129
Author: Bigelow, John
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The Louisiana Purchase of 1803: A History from the Earliest Explorations to the Present Time, of the Territory Acquired by the Louisiana Purchase; Together With Some Account of the Famous Men Connected Therewith, ....
Publisher: Encyclopedia Brittanica Co.
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1904)
Extent: 9-21

Notes: no note

Reference: 1398
Author: Binder, Frederick Melvin
Title: "The Color Problem in Early National America as Viewed by John Adams, Jefferson and Jackson."
Publication: Ph.D. dissertation
Publisher: Columbia Univ
Date: (1962)
Extent: pp. 259

Notes: TJ wished to lighten the burden of the negro slave and the Indian, but he was "governed by a desire to assure national unity ..." and he attempted to discourage the entry of slavery into national deliberation. DAI 24/05, p. 1987.

Reference: 1399
Author: Binder, Frederick M.
Title: The Color Problem in Early National America as Viewed by John Adams, Jefferson, and Jackson.
Publisher: Mouton
Place of Publication: The Hague
Date: (1968)
Extent: 177

Notes: Slightly revised version of the 1962 dissertation (#1398)

Reference: 130
Author: Binger, Carl
Title: "Conflicts in the Life of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: American Journal of Psychiatry
Volume: 125
Date: (1969)
Extent: 1098-1106

Notes: Argues that TJ "achieved an extraordinary mastery of his life." Also suggests TJ and Hamilton were competing for the love of a father figure (Washington) and this rivalry was complicated by their mutual admiration. Lyman H. Butterfield in reply generally agrees, but points to TJ's deficient sense of humor, his avoidance of conflict, his silences. Suggestive exchange.

Reference: 131
Author: Binger, Carl
Title: Thomas Jefferson: A Well-Tempered Mind.
Publisher: Norton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1970)
Extent: pp. 209

Notes: Psychological study claiming to demonstrate the inner harmony of TJ's mind as a result of his reconciliation of masculine, aggressive, executive characteristics with feminine, aesthetic, care-taking attributes.

Reference: 2594
Author: Binney, Marcus
Title: "University of Virginia."
Publication: Country Life
Volume: 163
Date: (1978)
Extent: 74-77; 163(January 19, 1978), 142-45.

Notes: Discussion of TJ's architectural designs, the possible influences on them: most interestingly by Charles Kelsall: and their realization.

Reference: 133
Author: Birch, John J.
Title: "The Ride of Jack Jouett, the Hero of Virginia."
Publication: Americana
Volume: 23
Date: (1929)
Extent: 454-57

Notes: Ride to warn TJ of Tarleton's approach to Monticello.

Reference: 134
Author: Birdwell, A. W.
Title: Thomas Jefferson, Author of American Liberty.
Publisher: Star Engraving Co.
Place of Publication: Houston
Date: (194?)
Extent: pp. 14

Notes: Sketch.

Reference: A1
Author: Bishop, Joseph Bucklin
Title: "The Truth About Jeffersonian Simplicity"
Publication: Our Political Drama: Conventions, Campaigns, Candidates
Publisher: Scott & Thaw Co.,
Place of Publication: New York :
Date: (1904)
Extent: 179-83.

Notes: Punctures the myth of TJ's riding unescorted to the oath-taking in 1801 as an invention of John Davis in his Travels . Edward Thornton, the British legate, described TJ's passage as "on foot" and accompanied by a body of militia, the Secretaries of the Navy and Treasury, and other political friends.

Reference: 2
Author: Bishop, Arthur, ed.
Title: Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826: Chronology: Documents: Bibliographic Aids.
Publication: Oceana
Place of Publication: Dobbs Ferry
Date: (1971)
Extent: 122

Notes: A "research tool ... for the student;" very basic.

Reference: 136
Author: Bishop, H. O.
Title: "Twenty Minutes with Jefferson."
Publication: National Republic
Volume: 25
Date: (1938)
Extent: 1-2, 16

Notes: TJ gives a lesson in Americanism.

Reference: 2595
Author: Bishop, William Warner
Title: "Training in the Use of Books"
Publication: The Backs of Books and Other Essays on Librarianship
Publisher: Williams and Wilkins
Place of Publication: Baltimore
Date: (1926)
Extent: 99-124

Notes: Discusses TJ's library and compares it to the size and complexity of modern libraries.

Reference: 2596
Author: Bitter, Karl
Title: "Thomas Jefferson from the Statue."
Publication: Century
Volume: 86
Date: (1913)
Extent: 27

Notes: Photograph of statue for the St. Louis Jefferson Memorial.

Reference: 137
Author: Bizardel, Yvon
Title: "Les Americains de l'An II"
Publication: Informations & Documents
Volume: 216
Date: (1965)
Extent: 24-29

Notes: How TJ and other Americans in Paris coped with the Revolution.

Reference: 138
Author: Bizardel, Yvon and Howard C. Rice, Jr.
Title: '"Poor in Love Mr. Short."'
Publication: WMQ
Volume: 3rd ser. 21
Date: (1964)
Extent: 516-32

Notes: Account of the "sentimental life" of TJ's protege and secretary in France, 1784-1789, deals with the relationship between Short and TJ.

Reference: 398
Author: Black, Christine M.
Title: "In the Spirit of Jefferson: An Exercise on Our Living Constitution."
Publication: NASSP Bulletin
Volume: 71
Date: (September, 1987)
Extent: 76-79.

Notes: Recommends a Jefferson Meeting, a program inspired by TJ's 1816 letter recommending the periodic re-examination and amendment of the Constitution, as an innovative and memorable way to help students develop an understanding of the Constitution as a living document.

Reference: 399
Author: Black Christine M. and Douglas J. Coburn
Title: "The Spirit of Jefferson."
Publication: The Quarterly: A Newsletter to Update Resources for Teaching Virginia Government
Volume: 2
Date: (January, 1987)

Notes: Not seen, but presumably similar to the previous item.

Reference: A2
Author: Black, George F.
Title: "President Jefferson and Macpherson's Ossian."
Publication: Transactions of the Gaelic Society of Inverness.
Volume: 33
Date: (1925-27)
Extent: 355-61.

Notes: Reports on Gilbert Chinard's 1923 article (TJCAB # 2678) and reprints the letters of TJ, Charles, and James Macpherson printed there. Adds nothing to Chinard.

Reference: 1401
Author: Black, Chauncey F.
Title: A Contrast. Jefferson and Hamilton, Democracy and Federalism. 1800-1881. The Same Parties and the Same Principles. A Plain Question. Shall the People Rule or Shall They Be Ruled
Publisher: O. Stuck
Place of Publication: York, Pa.
Date: (1880?)
Extent: pp. 13

Notes: no note

Reference: 1402
Author: Black, Chauncey F.
Title: "1800-1900, Jefferson and Bryan."
Publication: The Jeffersonian Democrat
Volume: 2
Date: (1899)
Extent: 489-500

Notes: "Where Jefferson stood then, William Jennings Bryan stands now." Draws parallels.

Reference: 782
Author: Blackman, James A.
Title: "Confronting Thomas Jefferson, Slave Owner."
Publication: Phi Delta Kappan
Volume: 74
Date: (November, 1992)
Extent: 220-22.

Notes: Notes difficulty of reconciling TJ as author of Declaration and as a slave owner. Describes a teaching unit for secondary students developed by the Monticello Education Department about Isaac Jefferson which also exposes students to the processes of historical research and interpretation.

Reference: 1400
Author: Blair, Albert L.
Title: "Was Jefferson a Democrat?"
Publication: Arena
Volume: 21
Date: (1899)
Extent: 633-45

Notes: "He was far more the father of the second republican party than of the democracy.

Reference: 1039
Author: Blake, David Haven, Jr
Title: "`Posterity Must Judge': Private and Public Discourse in the Adams-Jefferson Letters"
Publication: Arizona Quarterly
Volume: 50
Date: (1994)
Extent: 1-30.

Notes: Situates the correspondence as private discourse in a politicized late republican culture in order to “restore its conversation with other kinds of discourse, to recognize the textual and cultural import of its resistance to public texts. ” Thoughtful, suggestive discussion.

Reference: 1040
Author: Blake, David Haven, Jr
Title: “Writing the Republic: Whitman and the Emergence of a Republican Poetics.”
Publication: Ph. D. dissertation, Washington University
Publication: DAI-A, 56/03, 928
Date: (1994)
Extent: Pp. 203.

Notes: First two chapters argue that the Federalist Papers , Paine's Rights of Man , and the correspondence of TJ and Adams work to create a distinctly civic voice which draws upon the authority of American print culture. TJ and Adams escape the partisanship of civic discourse while retaining its authority. This creates a context for Whitman, whose affinities with TJ and Adams are later considered.

Reference: 2597
Author: Blanck, Jacob
Title: "News from the Rare Book Sellers."
Publication: Publisher's Weekly
Volume: 143
Date: (1943)
Extent: 1530-31

Notes: Brief comments on TJ's library and its acquisition by the nation.

Reference: 1403
Author: Blanken, Maurice C.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Imperialist."
Publication: Social Studies
Volume: 53
Date: (1962)
Extent: 140-42

Notes: TJ made possible the dream of manifest destiny; minor.

Reference: 765
Author: Blardinelli, Lola
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: The Making of a Republican"
Publication: Ph. D. dissertation, Washington University
Publication: DAI 53-09A, p. 3343
Date: (1992)
Extent: pp. 757.

Notes: In order to study the growth of TJ's republican principles, looks to his reading and to the influence on him of William Small and George Wythe. Argues that despite recent corrective scholarship that notes the influence of the Scottish Enlightenment, Lockean ideas pervade his thought, not least because the Scottish Enlightenment itself responded to Locke. Also examines his religious beliefs and rejects the idea that there was a "conversion in the White House," arguing instead for the continuing influence of the anticlerical writings of Rapin, Milton, and Bolingbroke.

Reference: 185
Author: Blau, Joseph L.
Title: "The Wall of Separation."
Publication: Union Seminary Quarterly Review
Volume: 38
Date: (1984)
Extent: 263-88.

Notes: Examines how American opinion on church-state relations shifted from Roger Williams's tolerationist position to TJ's advocacy of full religious freedom. TJ's position necessitates a separation of church and state, which should be maintained against threats in our day.

Reference: 2139
Author: Blau, Joseph
Title: "Enlightened Politics: Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Men and Movements in American Philosophy
Publisher: Prentice-Hall
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1952)
Extent: 46-55

Notes: Sketch of TJ as philosopher; argues that he thinks of the moral sense in utilitarian terms and as answerable to reason and calculation. Therefore, it is not a conscience and its judgments are relative.

Reference: 2140
Author: Blinderman, Charles S.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: Humanist."
Publication: Humanist
Volume: 20
Date: (1960)
Extent: 203-11

Notes: Claims TJ can be a polemical weapon for the modern humanist in "proselytizing of the masses."

Reference: 2598
Author: Blinderman, Abraham
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Administrator, Practitioner, and Patient."
Publication: New York State Journal of Medicine
Volume: 70
Date: (1970)
Extent: 690-96

Notes: TJ's interest in science led him to pioneer in medical education.

Reference: 139
Author: Bliven, Bruce
Title: "Our Legacy from Mr. Jefferson."
Publication: Reader's Digest
Volume: 82
Date: (1963)
Extent: 160-68

Notes: Superficial; rpt. in A Mirror for Greatness. New York: McGraw Hill, 1975. 107-35 in revised form.

Reference: 2599
Author: Bloch, Harry
Title: "Thomas Jefferson 1743 to 1826, Thoughts on Medicine, Child Care and Welfare."
Publication: New York State Journal of Medicine
Volume: 72
Date: (1972)
Extent: 3030-32

Notes: TJ's concern for children's diseases, mostly in his own family.

Reference: 476
Author: Blodgett, Bonnie, and D.
Title: "The Architect of Democracy: Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: At Home With the Presidents
Publisher: Overlook Press,
Place of Publication: Woodstock NY:
Date: (1988)
Extent: 31-40.

Notes: Illustrated sketch of TJ at Monticello. Coffee table.

Reference: 140
Author: Bloss, George M. D.
Title: "Jefferson, the Second Vice-President and the Third President of the United States"
Publication: Historic and Literary Miscellany
Publisher: R. Clarke and Co.
Place of Publication: Cincinnati
Date: (1875)
Extent: pp. 62-67

Notes: Laudatory sketch.

Reference: 2600
Author: Bo, Jorgen and Borge Glahn
Title: En Amerikansk Arkitekt
Publisher: Schonbergske Forlag
Place of Publication: Kobenhavn
Date: (1953)
Extent: pp. (28)

Notes: On TJ as architect, in Danish.

Reference: 1404
Author: Boardman, Fon W., Jr.
Title: America and the Virginia Dynasty, 1800-1825
Publisher: Henry Z. Walck
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1974)
Extent: pp. 218

Notes: Sketchy coverage of TJ as president, pp. 1-32.

Reference: 2141
Author: Boas, George
Title: "La Philosophie dans la Vie de Jefferson."
Publication: A.B.A. Bulletin de l'Association Belgo-Americaine
Volume: 6
Date: (1949)
Extent: 4-7

Notes: Discusses natural law doctrine and contends that TJ's use and understanding of this was dominated by a curious complex of traditions: protestant, Aristotelian, Epicurean: which seemed axiomatic to him. But he used his philosophy to regulate his life.

Reference: 460
Author: Bober, Natalie
Title: Thomas Jefferson: Man on a Mountain.
Publisher: Atheneum,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1988)
Extent: xii, 274.

Notes: Juvenile biography intended for teenagers. Thoroughly researched, but marred, perhaps, by an overly adulatory portrayal, a tendency to ascribe possible feelings to TJ as if they were fact, and somewhat misjudged attempts to familiarize him as "Tom." Discusses the Sally Hemings controversy, but claims it was Peter Carr who "developed a deep and lasting emotional involvement" with Sally and fathered all her children.

Reference: 2601
Author: Boehm, Dwight and Edward Schwartz
Title: "Jefferson and the Theory of Degeneracy."
Publication: American Quarterly
Volume: 9
Date: (1957)
Extent: 448-53

Notes: TJ performed valuable service in refuting Buffon's theories which were used for political and propaganda purposes.

Reference: 141
Author: Bogart, William H. ("Sentinel")
Title: Who Goes There? or, Men and Events.
Publisher: Carleton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1866)
Extent: 37-40

Notes: Anecdotes about TJ stressing his sociability.

Reference: 142
Author: Bok-Van Bork, Jacoba Johanna
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: "Bijdrage tot de Psychologie van den Staatsman." Ph.D. dissertation.
Publisher: Univ. of Amsterdam
Place of Publication: Amsterdam
Date: (1924)
Extent: 37-64

Notes: Printed: Haarlem: H. D. Tjeenk Willink & Zoon, 1924. Psychological portrait, but based on Morse's and Parton's lives of TJ.

Reference: 1316
Author: Boland, Martha Jo Eleam
Title: "Render Unto Caesar: Sources of the Political Thought of John Leland"
Publication: Ph. D. dissertation, New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary
Publication: DAI 59/04-A, 1216
Date: (1997)
Extent: pp. 174

Notes: First chapter analyzes selected political writings of TJ, emphasizing themes of natural rights and toleration; final chapter assesses impact of TJ's and Madison's ideas on Leland.

Reference: 186
Author: Bolick, Charles H.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: A Great American's Life and Ideas."
Publication: G/C/T
Volume: 35
Date: (November/December, 1984)
Extent: 31-34.

Notes: Presents an instructional unit in which academically gifted students analyze the contributions of TJ to American society. Suggests various instructional strategies such as a background assignment, study activities, discussion questions based on a text, culminating activities, and differentiated activities. Lists filmstrips and other resources.

Reference: 20
Author: Boller, Paul
Title: "Thomas Jefferson--1801-1809"
Publication: Presidential Anecdotes
Publisher: Oxford University Press,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1981)
Extent: 34-44.

Notes: Brief discussion of the impact of anecdotes on TJ's public reputation, followed by several anecdotes illustrating various of his attributed virtues.

Reference: 187
Author: Boller, Paul F., Jr.
Title: "1800--Republican Takeover: Jefferson's Revolution"

Title: "1804--Jefferson's Landslide"
Publication: Presidential Campaigns
Publisher: Oxford University Press,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1984)
Extent: 10-21.

Notes: Brief accounts, with anecdotes.

Reference: 477
Author: Boller, Paul F., Jr.
Title: "Martha Jefferson (1749-1782)"
Publication: Presidential Wives
Publisher: Oxford University Press,
Place of Publication: New York:
Date: (1988)
Extent: 31-35.

Notes: Sketch of TJ's wife and their relationship.

Reference: 2142
Author: Boller, Paul F., Jr.
Title: "Jefferson's Dreams of the Future."
Publication: Southwestern Review
Volume: 44
Date: (1959)
Extent: 109-14

Notes: TJ the Apostle of Democracy, etc.

Reference: 306
Author: Bolster, William Jeffrey
Title: "The Impact of Jefferson's Embargo on Coastal Commerce."
Publication: Log of Mystic Seaport
Volume: 37
Date: (1986)
Extent: 111-23.

Notes: Focusing on the case of Providence, R. I., contends that while the embargo hurt American commerce as a whole, it spurred an unprecedented level of coastwise shipping. This activity strengthened connections with ports which had previously traded only infrequently with Providence and encouraged development of trade in items like bricks and cordwood. Argues that both TJ and his contemporaries as well as later historians have underestimated the importance of coastwise shipping in the early decades of the nineteenth century.

Reference: 143
Author: Bolton, Sarah Knowles
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Famous American Statesmen
Publisher: Crowell
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1888)
Extent: 67-98

Notes: Chapter in a companion book to her Poor Boys Who Became Famous; often reprinted.

Reference: 1405
Author: Bonger, Hendrik
Title: Leraar der Mensenrechten: Thomas Jefferson
Publisher: Van Loghum Slaterus
Place of Publication: Arnhem
Date: (1951)
Extent: pp. 73

Notes: On his work for civil rights with focus on years 1775-76.

Reference: 2143
Author: Bonn, Franklyn George, Jr.
Title: "The Idea of Political Party in the Thought of Thomas Jefferson and James Madison."
Publication: Ph.D. dissertation
Publisher: Univ. of Minnesota
Date: (1964)
Extent: pp. 305

Notes: Both TJ and Madison disapproved of parties, but in "the face of an opposition whose unity they exaggerated" they became increasingly aware of the need for a cohesive and organized party. Yet, their "suspicions of party activities in general ... account for a number of their mistaken comments on the changed nature of American parties as evident by the early 1800's." DAI 26/02, p. 1135.

Reference: 144
Author: Bonnell, Ulane
Title: "The World of Franklin and Jefferson."
Publication: Manuscripts
Volume: 28
Date: (1976)
Extent: 213-15

Notes: Describes an exhibit which opened in Paris in January, 1975.

Reference: 856
Author: Bonwick, Colin
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: Pragmatist or Visionary?"
Publication: History Today
Volume: 43
Date: (April, 1993)
Extent: 18-23.

Notes: Thoughtful assessment of TJ's significance for the new American republic. Sees him as both a man of high principle and a pragmatic politician. Claims that the correct question to be asked is not how frequently TJ diverged from his principles, but how close to them he succeeded in remaining under differing political circumstances. TJ's success as a working politician legitimized his democratic theory (even if he did not live it out fully in his own experience) and enabled it to acquire prescriptive authority.

Reference: 1317
Author: Bonwick, Colin
Title: "Jefferson as Nationalist"
Publication: Reason and Republicanism , ed. McDowell and Noble
Publisher: Rowman and Littlefield
Place of Publication: Lanham MD.
Date: (1997)
Extent: 149-68.

Notes: Suggests that TJ's three major contributions as a nationalist were setting "an ideological agenda," allowing for an expansive union with western development, and "understanding the need to maintain the existing union of states if the nation was to consolidate and expand." Sees the last as perhaps the least clearly understood and explores how TJ's nationalism operates within his recognition of the importance (in his time) of the individual states.

Reference: 1406
Author: Boorstin, Daniel J.
Title: "The American Revolution: Revolution Without Dogma"
Publication: The Genius of American Politics
Publisher: Univ. of Chicago Press
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1953)
Extent: 66-98

Notes: Discusses the implications of the Declaration, arguing, "The awareness of the peculiarity of America had not yet by any means led Jefferson to a rash desire to remake all society and institutions."

Reference: 2144
Author: Boorstin, Daniel J.
Title: The Lost World of Thomas Jefferson
Publisher: Holt
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1948)
Extent: pp. xii, 306

Notes: On the scientific ideas and work of a group of men associated for the most part with the American Philosophical Society, called by Boorstin "the Jeffersonian Circle" with TJ as the ordering center for their discrete investigations. Valuable, informative study of scientific ideas of the age, but generalizes too easily from one particular figure to "Jeffersonian" in general. TJ treated passim.

Reference: 145
Author: Booth, Edward Townsend
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: Piedmont Villa"
Publication: Country Life in America as Lived by Ten Presidents of the United States.
Publisher: Knopf
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1947)
Extent: 76-103

Notes: Life at Monticello. TJ, like Washington, "took to broad and impersonal a view of farming. He and Washington, in effect, ran two very expensive agricultural experiment stations.

Reference: 1407
Author: Borden, Morton
Title: "A Neo-Federalist View of the Jeffersonians."
Publication: Reviews in American History
Volume: 5
Date: (1977)
Extent: 196-202

Notes: Review essay taking to task Forrest McDonald's Presidency of Thomas Jefferson.

Reference: 1408
Author: Borden, Morton
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: America's Ten Greatest Presidents, ed. Borden
Publisher: Rand McNally
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1961)
Extent: 57-80

Notes: TJ's administration was "compounded of three ingredients: liberalism, nationalism, and a healthy dose of common sense." Emphasizes TJ's pragmatic approach, but on debatable strategies like the embargo simply weighs up the pros and cons.

Reference: 146
Author: Borne, O. S.
Title: "Jefferson and the Dark Days of '14."
Publication: National Magazine
Volume: 11
Date: (1900)
Extent: 551-56

Notes: Fanciful portrait of TJ in despair, unaware of the Treaty of Ghent; blames the war on him.

Reference: 147
Author: Bottorf, William K.
Title: "Mr. Jefferson Tours New England."
Publication: New England Galaxy
Volume: 20
Date: (1979)
Extent: 3-7

Notes: no note

Reference: 148
Author: Bottorf, William K.
Title: Thomas Jefferson
Publisher: Twayne
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1979)
Extent: pp. 162

Notes: A volume in the Twayne United States Authors Series; competent introduction which pays particular attention to his aesthetic interests and literary gifts.

Reference: 1130
Author: Boulton, Alexander O.
Title: “The American Paradox: Jeffersonian Equality and Racial Science, ”
Publication: American Quarterly
Volume: 47
Date: (1995)
Extent: 467-92.

Notes: Examines the paradox of TJ as slave owner and critic of slavery, champion of equality but supporter of racial inferiority of blacks, by considering his use of the two leading scientific models available to him that explained man's place in nature, those of Linnaeus and of Buffon. Shows how TJ in trying to explain racial difference combines perspectives of these two theoretical positions (an attempted synthesis that prefigured the lines nineteenth-century science would follow, leading ultimately to Darwin). TJ's elaborate theory of human and animal biology rests upon a fundamental contradiction because of the conflicting assumptions of Linnaeus and Buffon. A good reading of Notes on the State of Virginia and its position in the scientific discourse of the late eighteenth century.

Reference: 1409
Author: Bourgin, Frank P. and Charles E. Merriam
Title: "Jefferson as a Planner of National Resources."
Publication: Ethics
Volume: 53
Date: (1943)
Extent: 284-92

Notes: "Jefferson not only set forth the ends but also planned constructively the means of attaining liberty, equality, the pursuit of happiness, and the consent of the governed." He took at various times an interest in land planning, education, transportation, industrial enterprise, and planning for the general welfare.

Reference: 1004
Author: Bourne, Miriam Anne
Title: Patsy Jefferson's Diary .
Publisher: Coaward, McCann & Geohegan
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1976)
Extent: pp. 96.

Notes: Juvenile fiction records highlights of her life from her father's election as governor in 1779 until her return from France in 1789.

Reference: 2603
Author: Boutell, Lewis Henry
Title: Thomas Jefferson, The Man of Letters
Publisher: Privately Printed
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1891)
Extent: pp. 73

Notes: Uncritical sketch of TJ's education, his interest in the classics, and early days at the Univ. of Virginia. Nothing of value on his literary art or practice.

Reference: 149
Author: Bowen, Dorothy
Title: "Thomas Jefferson: 1743-1943: A Bicentennial Exhibition."
Publication: Huntington Library Quarterly
Volume: 6
Date: (1943)
Extent: 495-504

Notes: Account of material from the Huntington on exhibit there.

Reference: 150
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Founder's Day Address."
Publication: Univ. of Virginia Alumni Newsletter
Volume: 16
Date: (1928)
Extent: 185-93

Notes: TJ is a "living, vital principle" who opposes the enemies of democracy at home and abroad.

Reference: 151
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: The Founders of the Republic
Publisher: American Library Association
Place of Publication: Chicago
Date: (1927)
Extent: pp. 36

Notes: An introduction to a course of readings which includes Bower's Jefferson and Hamilton.

Reference: 152
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Jefferson and the American Way of Life"
Publication: The Heritage of Jefferson.
Publisher: International Publishers
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1944)
Extent: 13-29

Notes: Argues for TJ as a revolutionist, iconoclast, and radical who defined the American way of life.

Reference: 153
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Patriotic Editorials Written ... Expressly for The Sesqui-Centennial of American Independence and the Thomas Jefferson Centennial Commission.
Publisher: Thomas Jefferson Memorial Foundation
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1926)
Extent: unpag.

Notes: Fund raising effort for Monticello.

Reference: 154
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: High Moment, ed. Wallace Brockway.
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1955)
Extent: 129-46

Notes: no note

Reference: 155
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Thomas Jefferson; An Address Before the Democratic Women's Luncheon Club of Philadelphia, February 7th 1927.
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1927)
Extent: pp. 21

Notes: no note

Reference: 156
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson of Monticello."
Publication: New York Times Magazine
Date: (1943)
Extent: 5, 33

Notes: no note

Reference: 157
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: The Young Jefferson, 1743-1789.
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1945)
Extent: pp. xxx, 544

Notes: The first volume in Bowers' biographic trilogy, but the last written; concentrates on the "human Jefferson" as the foundation for the successes of the later political Jefferson.

Reference: 1410
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Architect of the All-American System."
Publication: VQR
Volume: 19
Date: (1943)
Extent: 178-88

Notes: TJ's Summary View justified the revolutionary movements of South America and led up to the Monroe Doctrine; discusses connections with South American revolutions.

Reference: 1411
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Jefferson and Civil Liberties."
Publication: Atlantic Monthly
Volume: 191
Date: (1953)
Extent: 52-58

Notes: Claims that the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions and the election of TJ in 1800 forestalled "the most powerful attempt in our history to destroy the elemental freedoms."

Reference: 1412
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Jefferson and Hamilton; The Struggle for Democracy in America
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1925)
Extent: pp. xvii, 531

Notes: The first installment of this influential biography of TJ, this volume focuses on the years from 1789 to 1801 and on the political events and life of these years.

Reference: 1413
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Jefferson and the Bill of Rights."
Publication: Virginia Law Review
Volume: 41
Date: (1955)
Extent: 709-29

Notes: TJ's demand for a bill of rights was justified by the threats to civil liberty periodically generated by demagogues and sensationalists.

Reference: 1414
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Jefferson in Power: The Death Struggle of the Federalists
Publisher: Houghton Mifflin
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1936)
Extent: pp. xix, 538

Notes: TJ's presidency which "marked the consolidation of the triumph of democracy."

Reference: 1415
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Jefferson, Master Politician."
Publication: VQR
Volume: 2
Date: (1926)
Extent: 321-33

Notes: TJ was a master politician in the service of democracy because of his "soul." Impressionistic.

Reference: 1416
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Making Democracy a Reality, Jefferson, Jackson, and Polk
Publisher: Memphis State College Press
Place of Publication: Memphis
Date: (1954)
Extent: 1-39

Notes: TJ chapter is a sentimental and imprecise paean to him as a defender of democratic freedom.

Reference: 1417
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and South America."
Publication: Bulletin of the Pan American Union
Volume: 77
Date: (1943)
Extent: 183-91

Notes: Discusses TJ's South American connections: the Brazilian revolutionaries he met in Nimes, Francisco Miranda, etc., and his support of inter-American solidarity.

Reference: 1418
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Courts."
Publication: Proceedings of the North Carolina Bar Association
Volume: 29
Date: (1927)
Extent: 26-45

Notes: no note

Reference: 2145
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: Civil and Religious Liberty, Jefferson: O'Connell: Two Orations
Publisher: Holy Cross College
Place of Publication: Worcester, Mass.
Date: (1930)
Extent: pp. viii, 88

Notes: TJ as an advocate of religious freedom, particularly as it has touched Roman Catholics.

Reference: 2146
Author: Bowers, Claude G.
Title: "Jefferson and the Freedom of the Human Spirit."
Publication: Ethics
Volume: 53
Date: (1943)
Extent: 237-45

Notes: TJ fought for the freedom of speech, religious freedom, and academic freedom.

Reference: 2604
Author: Bowes, Mary M.
Title: "The Spirit of Jefferson: Wine Growing, The Adlum Letters"
Publication: Jefferson and Wine, ed. R. deTreville Lawrence, Sr.
Publisher: Vinifera Wine Growers Association
Place of Publication: The Plains, Va.
Date: (1976)
Extent: 121-31

Notes: Discusses TJ's difficulties in trying to grow vinifera grapes and his encouragement of efforts to use native grapes. Prints correspondence with John Adlum, who was growing vines on his estates in Maryland and Washington, D. C.

Reference: 1419
Author: Bowling, Kenneth R.
Title: "Dinner at Jefferson's: A Note on Jacob E. Cooke's 'The Compromise of 1790'."
Publication: WMQ
Volume: 3rd ser. 28
Date: (1971)
Extent: 629-48

Notes: Rejects Cooke's argument (see below, #1501) that there was no real connection between the federal assumption of state debts and the decision to put the capital on the Potomac. Rejoinder by Cooke.

Reference: 1318
Author: Bowman, James
Title: "Ken Burns Does Jefferson"
Publication: The New Criterion
Volume: 15
Date: (April, 1997)
Extent: 53-58.

Notes: A waspish critique of Ken Burns's Jefferson project and of the liberal attitudes it embodies. Claims that TJ was "America's first limousine liberal."

Reference: 1420
Author: Bowman, Albert H.
Title: "Jefferson, Hamilton, and American Foreign Policy."
Publication: Political Science Quarterly
Volume: 71
Date: (1956)
Extent: 18-41

Notes: Argues that TJ and not Hamilton was the realist in foreign policy; TJ understood the national interest, but "Hamilton's foreign policy was based constantly upon what he wanted the United States to become, not upon what it was or was likely to be." The Nootka Sound crisis revealed the distance between their policies; the Jay Treaty "made war inevitable."

Reference: 2605
Author: Bowman, Isaiah
Title: "Jeffersonian 'Freedom of Speech' from the Standpoint of Science."
Publication: Science
Volume: n.s. 82
Date: (1935)
Extent: 529-32

Notes: The Jeffersonian demand for freedom of speech is crucial for the protection and advancement of science, especially at a time when politicians are attempting to direct and dictate the course of science.

Reference: 68
Author: Julian P. Boyd and Ruth W. Lester, ed.
Title: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson. Volume 20, 1 April to 4 August 1791. Volume 20, 1 April to 4 August 1791.
Publisher: Princeton University Press,
Place of Publication: Princeton:
Date: (1982)
Extent: xxxii, 759.

Notes: Contains Boyd's last long Editorial Note, entitled "Fixing the Seat of Government," which brings together papers concerning the planning for the new national capital. Boyd argues that "Jefferson's impress upon the plan for the capital is far greater than realized," and Pierre L'Enfant's has been accordingly somewhat exaggerated. Also includes a block of letters to Gouverneur Morris and others on "Sources of Foreign Intelligence."

Reference: 158
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Adrienne Koch: Historian."
Publication: Maryland Historian
Volume: 3
Date: (1972)
Extent: 5-8

Notes: Evaluates an eminent Jefferson scholar's work on TJ.

Reference: 159
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: The Enduring World of Thomas Jefferson.
Publisher: College of William and Mary
Place of Publication: Williamsburg
Date: (1963)
Extent: pp. 20

Notes: "What the world of Jefferson has to offer us ... is only an abstraction and an example drawn from an era that may be wholly irrelevant in the world we face."

Reference: 160
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Introduction"
Publication: The Jeffersonian Cyclopedia, ed. John P. Foley.
Publisher: Russell and Russell
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1967)
Extent: not given

Notes: Rpt. separately; comments on the range of TJ's opinions and the usefulness of Foley's compilation.

Reference: 161
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: A Geranium for Lyman
Publisher: Princeton Univ. Press
Place of Publication: Princeton
Date: (1951)
Extent: pp. 6

Notes: Farewell note to Lyman Butterfield, recalls TJ's gift to Margaret Bayard Smith of a potted geranium when he left Washington in 1809.

Reference: 162
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Jefferson's Final Testament of Faith."
Publication: New York Times Magazine
Date: (1949)
Extent: 11, 33-39

Notes: On the June 21, 1826 letter to R. S. Weightman.

Reference: 163
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Jefferson's French Baggage, Crated and Uncrated."
Publication: Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society
Volume: 83
Date: (1971)
Extent: 16-27

Notes: Account of the shipment in 1790 of TJ's acquisitions in France.

Reference: 164
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Mr. Jefferson to Dr. Rush with Affection."
Publication: Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress
Volume: l
Date: (1944)
Extent: 3-9

Notes: Discusses context and prints correct copy of the letter of September 23, 1800 to Rush in which he swears eternal hostility against tyranny over the mind of man.

Reference: 165
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Relevance of Thomas Jefferson for the Twentieth Century."
Publication: American Scholar
Volume: 22
Date: (1953)
Extent: 61-76

Notes: Applauds TJ's faith in principle, in the rights of man, and in knowledge, but notes that, paradoxically, increasingly exact, predictive

Reference: 166
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Report to the Thomas Jefferson Bicentennial Commission on the need, scope, proposed method of preparation, probably cost, and possible mens of publishing a comprehensive edition of the Writings of Thomas Jefferson."
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1943)
Extent: pp.32(mimeographed)

Notes: Boyd was historian of the Commission; this report helped lay the way for the Princeton edition of the papers.

Reference: 167
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Smooth Handle"; A Challenge to the Organization Man
Publisher: College of William and Mary
Place of Publication: Williamsburg
Date: (1957)
Extent: pp.10

Notes: Rpt. from Seminar, An Academic Journal. 2(Spring 1957). TJ illustrates the proper behavior of a citizen in a republic, a challenger of conventional beliefs but a respecter of people's right to govern themselves.

Reference: 168
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Some Animadversions on Being Struck by Lightning"
Publication: Daedalus
Volume: 86
Date: (1955)
Extent: 49-56

Notes: On editing the Papers of Thomas Jefferson

Reference: 169
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: The Spirit of Christmas at Monticello
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1964)
Extent: pp.60

Notes: Surveys the variety of Christmas celebration in 18th century Virginia and discusses in particular TJ's visit at Christmas, 1759, to Colonel Nathaniel Dandridtge. TJ, however, does not mention in his letters festive activities at Christmas, even though he clearly practiced some of the traditions. Best piece on the subject.

Reference: 170
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: Thomas Jefferson Survives
Publication: American Scholar
Volume: 20
Date: (1951)
Extent: 163-73

Notes: Even so, few of the voices now claiming TJ's authority are authentic echoes of his.

Reference: 171
Author: Boyd, Julian P and Alfred L. Bush
Title: While the Art of Printing is Left to Us, Science Can Never Be Retrograde
Publication: Let Every Sluice of Knowledge be Open'd and set a Flowing. A Tribute to Philip May Hamer
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1960)
Extent: unpag.

Notes: Three page discussion of TJ's letter to William Green Munford, June 18, 1799; facsimile and transcription.

Reference: 1421
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Chasm That Separated Thomas Jefferson and John Marshall"
Publication: Essays on the American Constitution: A Commemorative Volume in Honor of Alpheus T. Mason, ed. Gottfried Dietze
Publisher: Prentice-Hall
Place of Publication: Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Date: (1964)
Extent: 3-20

Notes: Suggestive study of the "inexplorable protagonists of two opposed views of society." If neither was suited for the other's position, TJ ultimately is the more significant figure because of his relativism which enabled him to respect the role of an independent judiciary in spite of his temptations to curb it.

Reference: 1422
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: The Declaration of Independence: The Evolution of the Text as Shown in Facsimiles of Various Drafts by Its Author, THOMAS JEFFERSON
Publisher: Princeton Univ. Press
Place of Publication: Princeton
Date: (1945)
Extent: pp. 46

Notes: Analyzes facsimiles of all known drafts. Useful.

Reference: 1423
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Declaration of Independence: The Mystery of the Lost Original."
Publication: PMHB
Volume: 100
Date: (1976)
Extent: 438-67

Notes: Conjectural account of the now missing draft of the Declaration as approved by Congress. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania has a unique proof copy of the first half of the Declaration as printed by John Dunlap.

Reference: 1424
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Disputed Authorship of the Declaration on the Causes and Necessity of Taking up Arms, 1775."
Publication: PMHB
Volume: 74
Date: (1950)
Extent: 51-73

Notes: The text finally adopted by Congress was the result of collaboration upon the part of TJ and John Dickinson, "however unwilling each was to accept the work of the other."

Reference: 1425
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Jefferson's Expression of the American Mind."
Publication: VQR
Volume: 50
Date: (1974)
Extent: 538-62

Notes: Examines the conditions surrounding TJ's writing of A Summary View; discusses relationship of this to his Declaration of Rights for the Albemarle freeholders, and suggests the Survey may in its earliest form have been intended for delivery by Patrick Henry.

Reference: 1427
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Two Diplomats Between Revolutions: John Jay and Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: VMHB
Volume: 66
Date: (1958)
Extent: 133-46

Notes: TJ's diplomatic skill played an important role in gaining an acceptable consular convention with France, despite Jay's opposition.

Reference: 1428a
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "New Light on Jefferson and His Great Task."
Publication: New York Times Magazine
Date: (1947)
Extent: 17, 64-70

Notes: On the discovery of a mss. fragment of the Declaration, in TJ's hand.

Reference: 2147
Author: Boyd, Julian Parks
Title: "A Perspective View from Monticello ... Phi Beta Kappa Address, Sweet Briar College, February 28, 1961."
Publication: Bulletin of Sweet Briar College
Volume: 44
Date: (1961)
Extent: 1-26

Notes: Rpt. separately and thus seen. The importance of learning at a time of transition, illustrated with reference to TJ; peripheral.

Reference: 2148
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Subversive of What?"
Publication: Atlantic Monthly
Volume: 132
Date: (1948)
Extent: 19-23

Notes: TJ's defense of freedom of speech and of opinion used as the basis for a tract for the times. Brief discussion of his defense of Nicholas Dufief, his Philadelphia provider of French books.

Reference: 2149
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's 'Empire of Liberty' "
Publication: VQR
Volume: 24
Date: (1948)
Extent: 538-54

Notes: Argues that TJ's belief in reason and individual freedom was neither naive nor shallow and that "his understanding of the relation of a people to its land" was an important contribution to the bond of national union.

Reference: 2150
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Police State."
Publication: North Carolina Historical Review
Volume: 25
Date: (1948)
Extent: 233-53

Notes: Contends that TJ as political realist understood the need for, in Blackstone's words, "due regulation and domestic order," but he never swerved from opposition to any attempt to coerce opinion. "Dissent and the threat of revolution ... would serve as proof of our courage and strength." The Jeffersonian example particularly needs to be remembered today (1948).

Reference: 2606
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Foreward"
Publication: Thomas Jefferson on Science and Freedom: The Letter to the Student William Greene Munford, June 18, 1799. With a Foreward by Julian P. Boyd
Publisher: Achille J. St. Onge
Place of Publication: Worcester, Mass.
Date: (1964)
Extent: pp. 60

Notes: Discusses TJ as letter writer and identifies Munford; a miniature book.

Reference: 2607
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "The Megalonyx, the Megatherium, and Thomas Jefferson's Lapse of Memory."
Publication: Proceedings of the APS
Volume: 102
Date: (1958)
Extent: 420-35

Notes: Careful, extensive account of TJ's writing of his memoir on the megalonyx: how he initially was led to believe it was "of the lion kind," how he came to realize it was in fact related to the megatherium, a recently discovered fossil sloth. He might have avoided the initial error had he remembered the drawing of the megatherium by Juan Bautista Bru he had acquired in Paris.

Reference: 2608
Author: Boyd, Julian P., Lyman H. Butterfield, and Walter M. Whitehill
Title: Thomas Jefferson Among the Antiquities of Southern France in 1787. A Tribute to E. Harold Hugo
Publisher: Princeton Univ. Press
Place of Publication: Princeton
Date: (1954)
Extent: pp. (23)

Notes: Historical introduction to a letter dated March 20, 1787, from TJ to the Comtesse de Tesse on his travels in southern France and her reply.

Reference: 2609
Author: Boyd, Julian P.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Roman Askos of Nimes."
Publication: Antiques
Volume: 104
Date: (1973)
Extent: 116-24

Notes: Detailed, thorough account of TJ's wooden copy and subsequent model in silver of the askos belonging to Francois Seguier of Nimes. Information also on TJ's visit to Nimes and his relations with Charles Louis Clerisseau.

Reference: 172
Author: Boykin, Edward
Title: Affectionately Yours, Thomas Jefferson
Publication: Ladies Home Journal
Volume: 81
Date: (1964)
Extent: 136-42

Notes: Introductory note and family correspondence selected from the author's To the Girls and Boys

Reference: 173
Author: Boykin, Edward, comp.
Title: Thomas Jeffeson Quiz Book
Publisher: Thomas Jefferson Bicentennial Commission
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1943)
Extent: pp. 30

Notes: 91 questions and answers for students.

Reference: 174
Author: Boykin, Edward
Title: To the Girls and Boys, Being The Delightful, Little-Known Letters of Thomas Jefferson to and from His Children and Grandchildren
Publisher: Funk and Wagnalls
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1964)
Extent: pp. x, 210

Notes: Historical notes and commentary accompany the letters.

Reference: 2151
Author: Boykin, Edward
Title: Thomas Jefferson and Religious Freedom
Publisher: Thomas Jefferson Bicentennial Commission
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1942)
Extent: pp. 15

Notes: Illustrated pamphlet.

Reference: 175
Author: Brackenridge, Henry M.
Title: A Eulogy on the Lives and Characters of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson. By the Hon. H. M. Brackenridge.
Publisher: W. Hasell Hunt
Place of Publication: Pensacola
Date: (1826)
Extent: pp. 18

Notes: Touches comprehensively on the careers and accomplishments of both Adams and TJ and delivers equal praise.

Reference: 2610
Author: Brackenridge, Henry M.
Title: Speeches on the Jew Bill, in the House of Delegates of Maryland, by H. M. Brackenridge, Col. W.G.D. Worthington, and John S. Tyson, Esquire. Together with an Argument on the Chancery Powers. and An Eulogy of Thomas Jefferson and John Adams, etc by H. M. Brackenridge
Publisher: J. Dobson
Place of Publication: Philadelphia
Date: (1829)
Extent: pp.276

Notes: Reprints the Pensacola eulogy of August 1826, 157-82; includes also "Western Antiquities, Communicated in a Letter to Thomas Jefferson," 192-205, arguing for Mexican influence on the moundbuilders.

Reference: A3
Author: Bradford, M. E.
Title: "Franklin and Jefferson: The Making and Binding of the Self"
Publication: A Better Guide Than Reason
Publisher: Sherwood Sugden,
Place of Publication: Lasalle, IL:
Date: (1979)
Extent: 137-52.

Notes: Compares the Autobiography of Franklin, " l'homme moyen sensuel , in a very low key," with TJ's Notes . Argues that TJ, unlike Franklin, never forgets his position within an extant order which is a "`closed,' agrarian regime." Hence TJ was not a real egalitarian or "uniformitarian," and his words supporting equality and universal freedom were merely "ceremonial" articulations in the interest of amity and public peace. Claims that the touchstone to separate the authentic TJ from the merely "ceremonial" mask is the commitment to "popular sovereignty in the deepest sense." Enclosed by the extant order of ante-bellum Virginia, TJ's vision was pastoral, traditionally "a product of the submissive imagination, which says yes to the providential in the human condition" and like classic pastoral has room for "a little benevolent slavery." Does not say how much slavery a "little" is.

Reference: 1428
Author: Bradford, Alden
Title: History of the Federal Government for Fifty Years: From March 1789 to March 1839
Publisher: Samuel G. Simpkins
Place of Publication: Boston
Date: (1840)
Extent: 119-68

Notes: A federalist view of TJ's presidency, charging that ultimately "his political opinions and conduct served to lessen, in some measure, the stability and permanency of the republic; by emboldening visionary and unprincipled men, many of whom were aliens, and who could vociferate most loudly for liberty, but had not a due respect for law or the Constitution."

Reference: 2611
Author: Bradford, Gamaliel
Title: "Thomas Jefferson" and "Ode to Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The Enchanted Years, ed. John Calvin Metcalf and James Southall Wilson
Publisher: Harcourt Brace
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1921)
Extent: 34-37

Notes: Two poems.

Reference: 2612
Author: Bradford, M. E.
Title: "Faulkner and the Jefferson Dream: Nationalism in 'Two Soldiers' and 'Shall Not Perish."'
Publication: Mississippi Quarterly
Volume: 18
Date: (1965)
Extent: 94-100

Notes: Asserts that Faulkner's admiration for his furmers and hill folk is an allegiance to "the Jeffersonian ideal of 'independent' men.

Reference: 135
Author: Bradley, Bert E.
Title: "Jefferson and Reagan: The Rhetoric of Two Inaugurals."
Publication: Southern Speech Communication Journal
Volume: 48
Date: (1983)
Extent: 119-36.

Notes: Using "analog-criticism," compares the 1801 and 1981 inaugural speeches, both addresses following a "pivotal election," for responses to questions about excessive federal powers, mistaken foreign policy, and the large number of citizens with negative perceptions of each man. Claims both men developed effective rhetorical strategies of conciliation and moderation to gain voter approval, and goes on to contend that this similarity in two pivotal election inaugurals suggests the high degree to which rhetorical response is contingent upon the situation. "The situation controls the rhetorical response," in effect. See below for critique by Gregg Phifer which exposes the simplistic attitude toward comparison of texts from different historical periods.

Reference: 136
Author: Bradley, Bert E.
Title: "A Response to `Two Inaugurals: A Second Look'."
Publication: Southern Speech Communication Journal
Volume: 48
Date: (1983)
Extent: 386-90.

Notes: Rebuts Phifer's critique (see below) of the preceding piece by accusing it of being politically biased.

Reference: 1429
Author: Bradley, Jared W.
Title: "William C. C. Claiborne, the Old Southwest and the Development of American Indian Policy."
Publication: Tennessee Historical Quarterly
Volume: 33
Date: (1974)
Extent: 265-78

Notes: "...before Jefferson became President in 1801, the basic principles of his administration's Indian policy had been pre-determined for him by the 1796 Indian trade and intercourse act, and by Representative William C. C. Claiborne of Tennessee."

Reference: 1430
Author: Bradley, Jared W.
Title: "W.C.C. Claiborne and Spain: Foreign Affairs Under Jefferson and Madison."
Publication: Louisiana History
Volume: 12
Date: (1971)
Extent: 297-314; 13(1972),5-28.

Notes: Claiborne's recommendations were far more bellicose than TJ's responses.

Reference: A4
Author: Brann, Eva
Title: "Concerning the Declaration of Independence."
Publisher: The College (of St. John College)
Volume: 28
Date: (July, 1976)
Extent: 1-17.

Notes: Thoughtful, intricately reasoned meditation about the question of equality and the significance for Americans of TJ's Declaration. Notes Lincoln's comments about the Declaration and suggests that his characterization of the "axioms of a free society" recognizes the quality of TJ's intellect "which had a peculiar power of levitation, a power of making energetic and convincing formulations without deep delving." Unlike more systematic theorists, TJ created axioms capable of surviving their time and finding a new context for later generations.

Reference: A5
Author: Brann, Eva T. H.
Title: Paradoxes of Education in a Republic.
Publisher: University of Chicago Press,
Place of Publication: Chicago:
Date: (1979)
Extent: pp. 172.

Notes: Uses TJ's writings on education both as critical and exemplary texts in considering the paradoxes of education for republican citizens which treat learning as both an end in itself and as a means, which assert the need for knowledge of originating texts even as it separates itself from those origins, and which supports each citizen thinking rationally for herself or himself and thus risks the confusion of truth with opinion.

Reference: 1431
Author: Brant, Irving
Title: "James Madison and His Time."
Publication: AHR
Volume: 57
Date: (1952)
Extent: 853-70

Notes: Argues that Madison was not a mere satellite of TJ as suggested by Henry Adams and others; Madison in many cases led TJ in policy making, for example in pointing out to him the political implications of the French loss of Haiti, a base of support needed if the French were to retain Louisiana.

Reference: 1432
Author: Brant, Irving
Title: "Two of a Size."
Publication: Magazine of Albemarle County History
Volume: 16
Date: (1958)
Extent: 5-17

Notes: Good sketch of the Madison-TJ relationship, arguing for Madison as an independent thinker equal to TJ.

Reference: 2613
Author: Brasch, Frederick E.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, the Scientist."
Publication: Science
Volume: n.s. 97
Date: (1943)
Extent: 300-01

Notes: Sketch.

Reference: 1017
Author: Brawne, Michael
Title: University of Virginia, The Lawn: Thomas Jefferson .
Publisher: Phaidon
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1994)
Extent: pp. 60.

Notes: Account of TJ's architectural designs for the University of Virginia that gives a history of his evolving plans and drawings and discusses his architectural sources, especially the Chateau de Marly and the work of Palladio. Notes the precise detail of his drawings and specifications. Illustrated with architectural plates, photographs,and reproductions of TJ's drawings.

Reference: 243
Author: Breitwieser, Mitchell Robert
Title: "Jefferson's Prospect."
Publication: Prospects
Volume: 10
Date: (1985)
Extent: 315-52.

Notes: Argues against those who claim to discover a unity between theory and experience in TJ as well as against interpreters who see simply contradiction; claims instead that TJ's writing, particularly in Notes , demonstrates an "antithetical unity" in which theory and experience "are bound together in a dynamic, internally contradictory whole, in which the function of experience is its interruption and resistance of thought's tendency toward complacent self-enclosure and self-consistency." By employing a "diverse cognitive repertoire" of sometimes discrepant understandings, TJ is simultaneously able to discover sufficient categories for the object of his attention even as he can suggest that the object retains a mysteriousness, a plurality of possibilities beyond the limits of any single category. He also, as the treatment of Native Americans and blacks reveals, voices historically particular attitudes even as he suspects his attitudes are historically determined, and parallel to this movement of self-correction is his vision of a republic defined not by an homogeneous vision of society but by the free argument of endlessly recurring differences. A rich and stimulating essay.

Reference: 176
Author: Brent, Robert A.
Title: Mr. Jefferson of Virginia; Renaissance Gentleman in America.
Place of Publication: Quezon City?
Date: (1966?)
Extent: pp. xii, 150

Notes: Has a "Foreward" by Edward Mattos and "On Jefferson" by 1. P. Soliongco.

Reference: 177
Author: Brent, Robert A.
Title: "Nicholas Philip Trist: A Link Between Jefferson and Jackson?"
Publication: Southern Quarterly
Volume: I(no. 2, 1963)
Date: (1963)
Extent: 87-97

Notes: Sketch of Trist as TJ's secretary and grandson-in-law and friend of Jackson.

Reference: 178
Author: Brent, Robert Arthur
Title: "Nicholas Philip Trist's Search for a Career." M.A. thesis.
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Date: (1947)
Extent: pp. 92

Notes: A short biographical sketch of Trist, who was TJ's last private secretary and who married his granddaughter, Virginia Randolph.

Reference: 1433
Author: Brent, Robert A.
Title: "The Triumph of Jacksonian Democracy in the United States."
Publication: Southern Quarterly
Volume: 7
Date: (1968)
Extent: 43-57

Notes: American voters have accepted Jackson's version of democracy and rejected TJ's, partly because TJ preserves strong aristocratic tendencies.

Reference: 2152
Author: Brent, Robert A.
Title: "The Jeffersonian Outlook on Religion."
Publication: Southern Quarterly
Volume: 5
Date: (1967)
Extent: 417-32

Notes: Contends TJ was "a deeply spiritual man,~ although his opposition to established churches and the doctrine of the Trinity antagonized various of his contemporaries. "In all things religious or political he was motivated by one consuming passion: that of the necessity of freedom for the human body, mind, and spirit."

Reference: 2153
Author: Brent, Robert A.
Title: "Two Jeffersonian Myths Explored."
Publication: American Studies in the Philippines
Volume: l
Date: (1965)
Extent: 47-61

Notes: His belief in absolute equality, his being a thorough-going democrat are myths. Punctures straw men. Revised version published as "Puncturing Some Jeffersonian Mythology." Southern Quarterly. 6(1968), 175-90.

Reference: 605
Author: Bresler, Robert J.
Title: "Jefferson Triumphs Over Lenin."
Publication: USA Today
Volume: 118
Date: (March, 1990)
Extent: 7.

Notes: On the collapse of Soviet hegemony in Eastern Europe. Not about TJ, beyond the mention in the title.

Reference: 1319
Author: Brewer, Holly
Title: "Entailing Aristocracy in Colonial Virginia: 'Ancient Feudal Restraints' and Revolutionary Reform"
Publication: William and Mary Quarterly
Volume: 54
Date: (1997)
Extent: 307-46.

Notes: Argues with careful support from evidence that entail in pre-revolutionary Virginia was attached to a far greater amount of land than has been recently supposed. TJ's assertion that ending entail as an effort to eradicate "every fibre ... of ancient or future aristocracy" has merit on the basis of the facts, although the picture is somewhat more complicated than he suggests. An important essay in support of the radical implications of the American Revolution.

Reference: 1434
Author: Brewer, Paul W.
Title: "Jefferson's Administration of Patronage: New York, 1801-1804."
Publication: M.A. thesis
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Date: (1968)
Extent: pp. 76

Notes: There were only a small number of appointments made in New York, but they were moderately successful in the long run in helping to build a base for the Republican party.

Reference: 400
Author: Briceland, Alan V.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Epitaph: Symbol of a Lifelong Crusade Against Those Who Would `Usurp the Throne of God'."
Publication: Journal of Church and State
Volume: 29
Date: (1987)
Extent: 285-303.

Notes: TJ's epitaph reminds Americans of their independence from all kings and politicians claiming a divine right, from all religious leaders, "priests," who claim special knowledge of God's intentions, and from public ignorance. Discusses in some detail TJ's anti-clericalism, his persistent criticism of religious authorities who exploit human ignorance and weakness.

Reference: 1435
Author: Briceland, Alan V.
Title: "The Philadelphia Aurora, The New England Illuminati, and the Election of 1800."
Publication: PMHB
Volume: 100
Date: (1976)
Extent: 3-36

Notes: John C. Ogden wrote for Duane's Aurora a series of attacks upon New England Federalists, hurling the charges of illuminatism back upon them. Peripherally about TJ.

Reference: 114
Author: Brick, Blanche Henderson
Title: "Changing Concepts of Equal Educational Opportunity: A Comparison of the Views of Thomas Jefferson, Horace Mann, and John Dewey." Ph.D. dissertation. Texas A & M University
Publication: DAI; 435-A.
Volume: 45
Date: (1983)
Date: (1984)
Extent: pp.248.

Notes: Examines changing concepts of equal educational opportunity in order to develop better policies in the present. Examines what each man meant by the term equal educational opportunity [a term TJ never used as such] and relates it to each man's philosophical views regarding human nature, individual responsibility, and the "Good Society." TJ realized the threat of institutions to personal liberty, but because Mann and Dewey lived in a world beginning to view man more as a creature than a creator of his institutions, they sought to equalize opportunity by expanding rather than by limiting institutional power.

Reference: 857
Author: Brick, Blanche H.
Title: “Changing Concepts of Equal Educational Opportunity: A Comparison of the Views of Thomas Jefferson, Horace Mann, and John Dewey,”
Publication: Thresholds in Education
Volume: 19
Date: (no. 1-2, 1993)
Extent: 2-8.

Notes: Comparatively little on TJ. Points out that TJ believed schools should compensate for lack of opportunity, but not for lack of readiness to learn, and that education was not a means to equalize society.

Reference: 606
Author: Bricker, Lauren Weiss
Title: "The Writings of Fiske Kimball: A Synthesis of Architectural History and Practice."
Publication: Studies in the History of Art
Volume: 35
Date: (1990)
Extent: 215-35.

Notes: Discussion of Kimball's career which considers both TJ's impact on him and his important position vis a vis scholarship on TJ's architecture. Useful for those interested in reception theory, less so for those interested in TJ's work as such.

Reference: 179
Author: Bridges, David L.
Title: "A Historical Study of Thomas Jefferson." M.A. thesis.
Publisher: North Texas State Univ
Date: (1958)
Extent: none given

Notes: no note

Reference: 2615
Author: Bridgman, Richard
Title: "Jefferson's Farmer Before Jefferson."
Publication: American Quarterly
Volume: 14
Date: (1962)
Extent: 567-77

Notes: Pre-revolutionary literature on farming was adapted for the most part from English sources and had little relevance for the American situation. Despite the idealizations of pastoral poetry, observers of actual American farmers often found them lazy and ignorant. "Jefferson's forceful idealism" claims the author, "rescued American pride."

Reference: 180
Author: Bridgwater, Dorothy
Title: "A New Letter to Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Yale Univ. Library Gazette
Volume: 30
Date: (1955)
Extent: 29-30

Notes: Letter of Harry Innes, November 29, 1781, noted as unlocated in the Papers, 6:159.

Reference: 478
Author: Brietzke, Paul H.
Title: "The Constitutionalization of Antitrust: Jefferson, Madison, Hamilton, and Thomas C. Arthur."
Publication: Valparaiso University Law Review
Volume: 22
Date: (1988)
Extent: 275-330.

Notes: Argues against Arthur that once the politics of antitrust are taken into account the constitutionalizing of antitrust becomes desirable and inevitable. Antitrust law has resulted in part from an attempt to adapt Hamiltonian means for Jeffersonian ends. Peripheral to TJ.

Reference: 2154
Author: Brigham, Johnson
Title: "Jefferson on Christianity and the Common Law. A Forgotten Chapter in the Life of Jefferson."
Publisher: Green Bag
Volume: 12
Date: (1900)
Extent: 44 1-44

Notes: Describes in some detail TJ's "Whether Christianity Is a Part of the Common Law" and his subsequent opinion on this.

Reference: 181
Author: Bright, Robert
Title: Address...Before the Society of the Descendants of the Signers of the Declaration of Independence, on the Occasion of the One Hundred and Thirty-fourth Anniversary of the Adoption of the Declaration
Publisher: n.p.
Date: (1910?)
Extent: pp.21

Notes: TJ as philosopher of free enterprise and individualism

Reference: 858
Author: Bringhurst, Newell G.
Title: "Fawn Brodie's Thomas Jefferson: The Making of a Popular and Controversial Biography."
Publication: Pacific Historical Review
Volume: 62
Date: (1993)
Extent: 433-54.

Notes: Extensive account of the genesis and publication of Brodie's controversial biography, including her initial support from the Jefferson establishment, then sharp criticism. Focuses on responses by readers, other historians, reviewers, but has less to say about Brodie's own research methods.

Reference: 1131
Author: Brinkley, Alan
Title: "When Thomas Met Sally"
Publication: Newsweek
Volume: 125
Date: (April 3, 1995)
Extent: 70-71.

Notes: Context for an account of the Merchant/Ivory film.

Reference: 1436
Author: Brisbane, Robert H., Jr.
Title: "Interposition: Theory and Practice."
Publication: Phylon
Volume: 17
Date: (1956)
Extent: 12-16

Notes: TJ set forward the doctrine of interposition in its classic form in the Kentucky Resolutions.

Reference: 2616
Author: Brock, Macon A.
Title: "Roman Possesses Historical Clock."
Publication: The Pendulum (Rome Georgia)
Volume: l
Date: (1929)
Extent: 1

Notes: TJ's descendant, H. P. Meikleham, owned a clock made in Paris for TJ by Paul Moinet; illustrated.

Reference: 182
Author: Brodie, Fawn M.
Title: "The Great Jefferson Taboo."
Publication: American Heritage
Volume: 22
Date: (1972)
Extent: 48-57, 97-100

Notes: Claims that the evidence showing TJ as the father of Sally Hemings' children, while not conclusive, is suggestive.

Reference: 183
Author: Brodie, Fawn M.
Title: "Jefferson Biographers and the Psychology of Canonization."
Publication: Journal of Interdisciplinary History
Volume: 2
Date: (1971)
Extent: 155-71

Notes: Review essay of biographical volumes by Dumas Malone and Merrill Peterson, criticizing them for being "extremely protective of (TJ's) inner life," particularly in regard to his sex life and Sally Hemings.

Reference: 184
Author: Brodie, Fawn M.
Title: "The Political Hero in America: His Fate and His Future."
Publication: VQR
Volume: 46
Date: (1974)
Extent: 46-60

Notes: Discusses the difficulties in maintaining American political heroes; even TJ is in question because of his attitudes toward blacks and the Sally Hemings affair.

Reference: 185
Author: Brodie, Fawn M.
Title: Thomas Jefferson: An Intimate History.
Publisher: Norton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1974)
Extent: pp. 591

Notes: Controversial biography focusing on TJ's private life and its relation to his public life. Has been criticized both on the grounds of historical accuracy and psychological method, but if the claims for TJ's sexual liaisons are fully unsupported, the handling of his response to the death of his wife and his dealing with grief is interesting.

Reference: 186
Author: Brodie, Fawn M.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Unknown Grandchildren: A Study in Historical Silence."
Publication: American Heritage
Volume: 27
Date: (1976)
Extent: 28-33, 94-99

Notes: On Sally Hemings' descendants and family traditions linking them to TJ as ancestor; a more assertive continuation of claims made in the author's Thomas Jefferson.

Reference: 187
Author: Brogan,, Denis W.
Title: "The Ghost of Jefferson."
Publication: Fortnightly
Volume: 146
Date: (1936)
Extent: 88-92

Notes: Explaining to a British audience why American politicians of different persuasions all appeal to the authority of TJ.

Reference: 188
Author: Brogan, Denis W.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: American Themes
Publisher: Hamish Hamilton
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1948)
Extent: 175-80

Notes: Review essay occasioned by Saul Padover's biography; suggests that TJ's self-chosen epitaph is not a rejection of public honors but an underlying "scepticism of the permanence of any political form."

Reference: 189
Author: Broglie, Axelle de
Title: "Jefferson's Pursuit of Happiness."
Publication: Realities
Volume: 250
Date: (1971)
Extent: 39-45

Notes: TJ's life at Monticello. Illustrated.

Reference: 2617
Author: Broglie, Axelle de
Title: "Une Visite a Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Connaisance des Arts
Volume: No. 229
Date: (1971)
Extent: 67-75

Notes: TJ at Monticello was visited by Frenchmen like Chastellux, and his style of living showed the influence of his stay in France.

Reference: 1437
Author: Bromfield, Louis
Title: "Thomas Jefferson vs. Karl Marx"
Publication: A Pew Brass Tacks
Publication: Harper
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1946)
Extent: 171-22

Notes: Because of spoliation of the land and poor government planning TJ's dream of an independent citizenry is threatened by the specter of Marx's proletariat.

Reference: 1438
Author: Bronowski, Jacob and Bruce Mazlish
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the American Revolution"
Publication: The Western Intellectual Tradition from Leonardo to Hegel
Publication: Harper
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1960)
Extent: 373-91

Notes: Sympathetic but only vaguely accurate sketch of TJ as a revolutionary politician.

Reference: 1234
Author: Brookhiser, Richard
Title: “The Open Question,”
Publication: National Review
Volume: 48
Date: (December 31, 1996)
Extent: 40, 56.

Notes: Whatever Jefferson's flaws as a “dilettante, dreamer, fanatic, crackpot, bon vivant, and pol,” his place in history is secure as the author of the Declaration of Independence. Although he did have the advice of his committee and Congress edited his text, he is responsible for the power and appeal of the language, and he was the only person available who could have done this so well.

Reference: 479
Author: Brooks, Colette
Title: "Notes on American Mythology."
Publication: Partisan Review
Volume: 55
Date: (1988)
Extent: 309-21.

Notes: Claims that "the foremost American icon ... must be considered the map ," and considers TJ as the archetypal explorer of this mode of perception in Notes , "a willful mix of science and art, practicality emboldened by, infused with, vision." Uses this supposed Jeffersonian vision as a frame to discuss a larger vision of American culture as experimental, technological, and, sometimes, catastrophic. Impressionistic.

Reference: 190
Author: Brooks, Elbridge Streeter
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Historic Americans
Publisher: Crowell
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1899)
Extent: 100-14

Notes: no note

Reference: 191
Author: Brooks, Erastus
Title: Address by Hon. Erastus Brooks. What True Democracy Means: as Illustrated in the Life and Character of Thomas Jefferson. Delivered Before the Jefferson Club of New Brighton, S.I.... Printed for Circulation on the Birthday Anniversary April 2, 1884.
Publication: Richmond County Democrat Steam Job Print
Place of Publication: Tompkinsville, NY
Date: (1884)
Extent: pp. 27

Notes: no note

Reference: 192
Author: Brooks, Geraldine
Title: "Martha Jefferson, Daughter of Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Dames and Daughters of the Young Republic.
Publisher: T. Y. Crowell
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1901)
Extent: 176-215

Notes: no note

Reference: 193
Author: Brooks, Van Wyck
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The World of Washington Irving.
Publisher: Dutton
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1944)
Extent: 133-51

Notes: TJ an important referential figure throughout, but here drawn as a democratic idealist shaped by the French Enlightenment and "the earliest crystallization of what might be called the American prophetic tradition, of Whitman's Pioneers, the 'trust thyself' of Emerson and Lincoln's mystical faith in the wisdom of the people."

Reference: 2618
Author: Brooks, Joan Louise
Title: "Jefferson and Bryant: The Embargoes."
Publication: M.A. thesis
Publisher: Univ. of Virginia
Date: (1966)
Extent: pp. 26

Notes: Focus on Bryant and the composition of his anti-TJ satire.

Reference: 2619
Author: Brooks, Van Wyck
Title: "Thomas Jefferson, Man of Letters."
Publication: American Academy of Arts and Letters, Academy Papers
Volume: 2
Date: (1951)
Extent: 174-82

Notes: Character sketch, praising TJ as a prophetic idealist.

Reference: 194
Author: Brougham, Henry Peter, Lord
Title: "Professor Tucker's Life of Jefferson."
Publication: Edinburgh Review
Volume: 66
Date: (1837)
Extent: 156-86

Notes: Review essay proclaiming TJ as the greatest American after Washington and Franklin.

Reference: 195
Author: Brougham, Henry Peter, Lord
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Historical Sketches of Statesmen Who Flourished in the Time of George III.
Volume: Third Series
Publisher: Richard Griffin and Co.
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1843)
Extent: 280-90

Notes: no note

Reference: 1439
Author: Broun, Heywood
Title: "Shades of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: New Republic
Volume: 95
Date: (1938)
Extent: 305

Notes: It is less preposterous for Earl Browder and the Communist Party to claim TJ as comrade than it is for the extreme right to claim him as one of their own.

Reference: 1440
Author: Browder, Earl
Title: "Jefferson and the People's Revolution"
Publication: The Heritage of Jefferson
Publisher: International Publishers
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1944)
Extent: 30-39

Notes: "Jefferson was no Communist, but the Communist Party can claim his as one of its principal precursors."

Reference: 77
Author: Brown, Sharon A.
Title: "Creating the Dream: Jefferson National Expansion Memorial, 1933-1935."
Publication: Missouri Historical Review
Volume: 76
Date: (1982)
Extent: 302-26.

Notes: On the origins of the project to memorialize "the vision of Thomas Jefferson" which emerged three decades later as the Gateway Arch.

Reference: 244
Author: Brown, Gwen O.
Title: "Transformation of Identity in Presidential Inauguration Addresses." Ph.D. dissertation. University of Maryland,
Publication: DAI 1114-A.
Volume: 47
Date: (1985)
Extent: 174.

Notes: Uses Kenneth Burke's rhetorical theory to examine the first inaugural speeches by Washington, TJ, Lincoln, Franklin Roosevelt, and Kennedy. Demonstrates the presence of image patterns of time, space, violence, and transcendence. Concludes that the inaugural speeches communicate transformation of identity by defining the people, defining the relationship between them and the President, and by defining their joint purpose. Hardly surprising.

Reference: 374
Author: Brown, C.
Title: "Poplar Forest: Thomas Jefferson and the Ideal Villa."
Publication: M.A. thesis. University of Virginia
Place of Publication: Charlottesville
Date: (1987)

Notes: See the 1990 essay, cited below, based upon this important study.

Reference: 607
Author: Brown, C.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Poplar Forest: The Mathematics of an Ideal Villa."
Publication: Journal of Garden History
Volume: 10
Date: (April/June, 1990)
Extent: 117-39.

Notes: Demonstrates that Poplar Forest was not merely a simple, rustic retreat but one upon which TJ lavished a great deal of thought and care in extending the geometry of the house into the design of the grounds. The landscape design is remarkable for the mathematical relation of the parts to each other as well as for the whole design. The geometrical symmetry of the Poplar Forest design, involving a biaxial plan centered on the house, contrasts surprisingly with the asymmetrical landscape designs at Monticello. Describes TJ's careful siting of buildings with regard to views, privacy, etc. A significant essay on Poplar Forest.

Reference: 1320
Author: Brown, Dale Mackenzie
Title: "Jefferson's Other Home"
Publication: House Beautiful
Volume: 139
Date: (December 1997)
Extent: 48-50, 139.

Notes: Informative article about progress made in restoring Poplar Forest, including the restoration of the skylight originally placed over the central dining room.

Reference: 196
Author: Brown, B. Bolton
Title: "Thomas Jefferson at Monticello."
Publication: Mentor
Volume: 13
Date: (1925)
Extent: 37-44

Notes: Photographic illustrations.

Reference: 197
Author: Brown, Marel
Title: "Monticello Was Jefferson's Dream Home."
Publication: Home Life
Volume: 4
Date: (1950)
Extent: 4, 10-13

Notes: no note

Reference: 198
Author: Brown, Margaret Washington
Title: "The Story of the Declaration of Independence Desk and How It Came to the National Museum."
Publication: Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution 1953.
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Place of Publication: Washington
Date: (1954)
Extent: 455-62

Notes: Provenance of TJ's portable desk and an account of the copies made of it.

Reference: 1441
Author: Brown, Edward A.
Title: "An Investigation of the Attitudes Expressed by Richmond's Press toward Thomas Jefferson in the Presidential Elections of 1800, 1804, and 1808."
Publication: M.A. thesis
Publisher: Univ. of Richmond
Date: (1964)
Extent: none given

Notes: no note

Reference: 1442
Author: Brown, Everett Somerville
Title: The Constitutional History of the Louisiana Purchase 1803-1812
Publisher: Univ. of California Press
Place of Publication: Berkeley
Date: (1920)
Extent: pp. xi,248

Notes: Detailed account of the constitutional issues raised by the Louisiana Purchase and the deliberations by TJ and Congress over them.

Reference: 1443
Author: Brown, Everett Somerville
Title: "Intimate Sketches of Jefferson's Day."
Publication: Michigan Alumnus Quarterly Review
Volume: 41
Date: (1935)
Extent: 299-306

Notes: Rpt. in The Territorial Delegate to Congress and Other Essays. Ann Arbor: G. Wahr, 1950. Anecdotes from William Plumer's diary, including dining at the White House with TJ.

Reference: 1444
Author: Brown, Everett S.
Title: "Jefferson's Manual of Parliamentary Practice."
Publication: Michigan Alumnus Quarterly Review
Volume: 49
Date: (1943)
Extent: 144-48

Notes: Discusses TJ's preparation of his manual of parliamentary usage done for the U. S. Senate.

Reference: 1445
Author: Brown, Everett. S.
Title: "Jefferson's Plans for a Military Colony in Orleans Territory."
Publication: MVHR
Volume: 8
Date: (1921)
Extent: 373-76

Notes: TJ proposed granting land in Orleans territory to recipients willing to perform military service if needed.

Reference: 1446
Author: Brown, Robert E. and Katherine Brown
Title: "The Revolution as a Social Movement"
Publication: Virginia 1705-1786: Democracy or Aristocracy?
Publisher: Michigan State Univ. Press
Place of Publication: East Lansing
Date: (1964)
Extent: 284-306

Notes: Argues that there was little if any internal revolution in Virginia and that TJ himself was not very radical; discusses legislative action on entail, primogeniture, franchise, education, and religion to show that only in the last two areas was TJ in advance of his peers.

Reference: 2155
Author: Brown, Barbara
Title: "Jefferson Bible: Compilation of the Words of Jesus."
Publication: Mentor
Volume: 17
Date: (1929)
Extent: 57-59

Notes: Account of The Life and Morals of Jesus.

Reference: 2156
Author: Brown, Esther Ernestine
Title: The French Revolution and the American Man of Letters
Publication: University of Missouri Studies
Volume: Vol. 24, No. 1.
Publisher: Curators of the Univ. of Missouri
Place of Publication: Columbia
Date: (1951)
Extent: pp. 171

Notes: TJ discussed passim; argues that after his election to the presidency he was "able in his thinking to detach the principles of democracy from the French Revolution and attach them solely to America, where he believed they were assured by the Republican victory" of 1800.

Reference: 2157
Author: Brown, Stuart Gerry
Title: The First Republicans: Political Philosophy and Public Policy in the Party of Jefferson and Madison
Publisher: Syracuse University Press
Place of Publication: Syracuse
Date: (1954)
Extent: pp. vii, 186

Notes: Survey of the commonplaces of republican ideology.

Reference: 2158
Author: Brown, Stuart Gerry
Title: "The Mind of Thomas Jefferson."
Publication: Ethics
Volume: 73
Date: (1963)
Extent: 79-99

Notes: TJ's philosophical background, particularly Bacon, Locke, and Epicurus. This essay incorporated in the author's Thomas Jefferson.

Reference: 2159
Author: Brown, Stuart Gerry
Title: Thomas Jefferson
Publisher: Washington Square Press
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1966)
Extent: pp. viii, 247

Notes: A volume in the Great American Thinkers series; competent introduction to TJ for non-specialists.

Reference: 2620
Author: Brown, Elizabeth Gaspar
Title: "A Jeffersonian's Recommendations for a Lawyer's Education: 1802."
Publication: American Journal of Legal History
Volume: 13
Date: (1969)
Extent: 139-44

Notes: Compares TJ's recommendations for aspiring lawyers with Augustus B. Woodward's memorandum of 1802.

Reference: 2621
Author: Brown, Glenn
Title: "Letters from Thomas Jefferson and William Thornton, Architect, Relating to the University of Virginia."
Publication: Journal of the American Institute of Architects
Volume: l
Date: (1913)
Extent: 21-27

Notes: TJ asks Thornton for some sketches and gets a lengthy reply. Minimal supporting comment.

Reference: 2622
Author: Brown, J. Carter and Perry Wolff
Title: On Thomas Jefferson
Publication: Encyclopedia Americana/CBS News Audio Resource Library
Place of Publication: New York
Date: (1971)
Extent: none

Notes: Cassette tape. "Vital History Cassettes, May 1976, no. 1." Brown and Wolff discuss TJ's aesthetic and political ideas.

Reference: 2623
Author: Brown, Ralph H.
Title: "Jefferson's Notes on Virginia."
Publication: Geographical Review
Volume: 33
Date: (1943)
Extent: 467-73

Notes: Commentary on scientific aspects of Notes; claims the essay on climate in query vii may be the most influential section of the book.

Reference: 2624
Author: Brown, Roland W.
Title: "Jefferson's Contributions to Paleontology."
Publication: Journal of the Washington Academy of Science
Volume: 33
Date: (1943)
Extent: 257-59

Notes: Recounts TJ's paper on the megalonyx.

Reference: 2625
Author: Brown, William Wells
Title: Cloteli or The President's Daughter: A Narrative of Slave Life in the United States
Publisher: Partridge and Oakey
Place of Publication: London
Date: (1853)
Extent: pp. 253

Notes: An antislavery novel, the first by an American black writer, it does not make a great deal of TJ's parentage of Clotel, but it does quote him on the evils of slavery and then accuse him of hypocrisy.

Reference: 199
Author: Browne, C. A.
Title: "Elder John Leland and the Mammoth Cheshire Cheese."
Publication: Agricultural History
Volume: 18
Date: (1944)
Extent: 145-53

Notes: Leland thought up and organized the presentation of the mammoth cheese on New Years Day, 1802.

Reference: 200
Author: Browne, Edythe H.
Title: "The Great Simplicity of Jefferson."
Publication: Commonwealth
Volume: 4
Date: (1926)
Extent: 261-62

Notes: TJ as friend of the common man.

Reference: 1447
Author: Browne, Waldo R.
Title: "Backward Glance in History."
Publication: Nation
Volume: 165
Date: (1947)
Extent: 256-57

Notes: TJ's resistance to the anti-French war hysteria of 1798 is worth thinking about for Americans in 1947.

Reference: 2626
Author: Browne, Charles Albert
Title: "Joseph Priestley and the American Fathers."
Publication: American Scholar
Volume: 4
Date: (1935)
Extent: 133-47

Notes: Priestley found in TJ his most agreeable contact among the leaders of the American Revolution.

Reference: 2627
Author: Browne, C. A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and Agricultural Chemistry."
Publication: Scientific Monthly
Volume: 60
Date: (1945)
Extent: 55-62

Notes: Well-informed paper puts TJ's chemical ideas in historical context.

Reference: 2628
Author: Browne, Charles A.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson and the Scientific Trends of His Time."
Publication: Chronica Botanica
Volume: 8
Date: (1944)
Extent: 363-423

Notes: Wide-ranging but somewhat disjointed survey of TJ's scientific interests. Also bound separately.

Reference: 2629
Author: Browne, Charles Albert
Title: "Thomas Jefferson's Relation to Chemistry."
Publication: Journal of Chemical Education
Volume: 20
Date: (1943)
Extent: 574

Notes: Note on TJ's chemical interests; pp. 575-76 reprint his 1791 "Report on the Method for Obtaining Fresh Water from Salt," the first document of a chemical nature to be published by the U. S. government.

Reference: 783
Author: Brownell, Charles E.
Title: "A Treasury of Designs. "
Publication: Arts in Virginia
Volume: 30
Date: (Fall/Winter, 1992)
Extent: 26-47.

Notes: Discusses TJ use of architectural pattern books on pp. 32-35. Illustrated

Reference: 201
Author: Bruce, David K. E.
Title: "Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: Seven Pillars of the Republic
Publisher: privately printed
Place of Publication: Garden City, NY
Date: (1936)
Extent: none given

Notes: Brief sketch, rpt. in Revolution to Reconstruction. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran, 1939. 85-133.

Reference: 202
Author: Bruce, Philip Alexander
Title: "President Thomas Jefferson"
Publication: The Virginia Plutarch.
Publisher: Univ. of North Carolina Press
Place of Publication: Chapel Hill
Date: (1929)
Extent: 2:19-37

Notes: no note