Reference: 111.

Notes: Keepsake of an exhibition, 16 October--31 December, 1983, with a brief introduction; the Library houses 152 titles once owned by TJ, mostly from his last library formed after the great library had been sold to the Library of Congress.

Reference: 112.

Notes: Well informed, elegantly written and presented treatment of TJ's life-long architectural project. Separate chapters cover his architectural reading and the buildings he would have known in Virginia before he began building Monticello, the first Monticello project, the second Monticello, his landscaping of the grounds, his furnishings for the house, and the subsequent history of Monticello. Illustrated with handsome photographs and with reproductions of TJ's architectural drawings. Argues more strongly than some other architectural historians do for a fairly direct, significant Palladian influence. A major book on Monticello.

Reference: 113.

Notes: "Second edition, revised." (1st in 1981, not seen). First 334 pages are a biography by Allison, "Thomas Jefferson, Champion of Liberty," and the rest is a collection of quotations arranged topically under the heading of "Timeless Treasures from Thomas Jefferson." In contradistinction to the "analyses" and "interpretations" of other historians, this volume purports to give the "real" TJ in his own words. Naive and uncritical.

Reference: 114.

Notes: Examines changing concepts of equal educational opportunity in order to develop better policies in the present. Examines what each man meant by the term equal educational opportunity [a term TJ never used as such] and relates it to each man's philosophical views regarding human nature, individual responsibility, and the "Good Society." TJ realized the threat of institutions to personal liberty, but because Mann and Dewey lived in a world beginning to view man more as a creature than a creator of his institutions, they sought to equalize opportunity by expanding rather than by limiting institutional power.

Reference: 115.

Notes: Intended to supplement O'Neal's 1969 bibliography of work on TJ's architectural activities. Annotated.

Reference: 116.

Notes: Examines the composition of the Seventh through the Tenth Congresses in order to consider the relationship between President and Congress on specific foreign policy issues. Contends that TJ's changing relationship with Congress helps explain the foreign policy successes of his first term and the failures of his second. In TJ's first term Congress was relatively docile, disciplined, and cooperative, and he was able to turn even the Federalist opposition to use in acquiring Western territory. Congress also gave him extensive authority to deal with the Barbary Pirates. In the Ninth Congress, however, the relationship began to break down relative to foreign affairs as a consequence of the revolt led by John Randolph and the Federalist opposition headed by Timothy Pickering. In the first session of the Tenth Congress TJ dominated Congress completely, but his support collapsed in the second session with the apparent failure of the embargo policy. He all but abdicated his authority during the last four months in office and left the Congress and nation virtually leaderless.

Reference: 117.

Notes: As the title suggests, the focus is not primarily on TJ but it offers a useful account of his foreign policy concerns after the Louisiana Purchase agreement. Argues for TJ's neutrality as president towards Great Britain and France and a deep-seated desire for peace. Neither his domestic opponents nor the British believed in his neutrality, however, and the British in consequence rode rough-shod over American rights. French diplomatic observers more correctly saw him as an American nationalist above all, even if he was sympathetic to France.

Reference: 118.

Notes: In discussing the work of Friends (Quakers) in the world, the author appeals to the examples of Jesus (especially Matthew 25:31-40) and TJ. TJ is interesting because his ideas "delimit the domain of politics" and because he exemplifies a hope necessary for survival in the world. This hope "that things in general will work out" is not the same as optimism, "hope made specific," and thus includes a necessary skepticism about any single human endeavor.

Reference: 119.

Notes: Only a few pages directly on TJ; analyzes the political system and practice rather than focusing on "leaders" as such.

Reference: 120.

Notes: Regrets that Wythe is not better known, since the better we knew him and his close relationship with TJ, the better, too, we would understand Jefferson. Wythe the revolutionary wished to establish an American jurisprudence within the framework of the English common law, and with TJ and Edmund Pendleton proposed a drastic, simplified redrafting of Virginia statutory law.

Reference: 121.

Notes: Not specifically about TJ but discusses him and members of his family in passing through the book. First rate social history which has much to say about the values and experience of family life in Virginia, particularly among the literate middle and upper classes at the end of the eighteenth and the beginning of the nineteenth centuries. After an opening portrayal of the pre-Revolutionary gentry, chapters are organized thematically around religion, death (TJ's response to his wife's death bridged two modes of mourning; his determination to reenter public life and obliterate the traces of his grief was typical of the eighteenth century, but his near collapse after her death prefigured later sentimental responses), worldly success, and love. A final chapter considers the transformation of values that took place between the revolutionary generation for whom civic affairs had been a way of life and the generation of their grandchildren who found greatest meaning in private family life.

Reference: 122.

Notes: A collection of handsome color photographs taken by Llewellyn; foreword by Dumas Malone; commentary by Charles Granquist.

Reference: 123.

Reference: 129.

Notes: Brief account, generously illustrated with photographs by Langdon Clay.

Reference: 130.

Notes: Not seen.

Reference: 131.

Notes: Argues for a connection between the ideas of the pursuit of happiness and a spirit of enterprise, "a sense of venturesome self-reliance which is essential to happiness" and is grounded in the thinking of Bacon and Hobbes. Claims their "psychology of endeavor" differs from Locke's denial of the freedom of the will, (although it is debatable if TJ and most of his compatriots would have read Locke in this way). Interestingly suggests that Bacon's conception of science as a disciplining of the mind through deliberate experience figures in the tradition of American republicanism which notably differed from classical republicanism in its acceptance of time as a medium of change and chance. Concedes that Hobbes had no overt influence in Revolutionary America, but suggests that his ideas made their influence felt through the works of Priestley, Blackstone, Hume, Hutcheson, and Locke. An ambitious and challenging essay.

Reference: 132.

Notes: Surveys TJ's proposed temples and garden buildings for Monticello, only one of which was built. The temple he built on the edge of the stone wall overlooking the vegetable garden collapsed by 1827, perhaps because of a poorly laid foundation. His earliest projects were inspired by literary and romantic associations, but he was also interested in constructing historically and archaeologically accurate designs of Chinese, classical, and Palladian architecture. By 1800 he showed more interest in the symbolic values of structures, with a preference for classic forms suggesting the republican vision.

Reference: 133.

Notes: Notes the tendency many of our most persuasive readings of the Declaration to map its text against the tradition which supposedly contains its key terms; if it seems hopeless to assess the precise degree of credit each contending "tradition" bears, the history of the Declaration's interpretations points to the complex problem of intertextuality, here evidenced by one of its first interpreters, Peter Whitney, a minister in Northborough, Massachusetts, in 1776. His sermon, American Independence Vindicated , "misreads," i.e. creatively interprets, the Declaration as congruent with the political concerns of Real Whigs as well as with those of evangelical Christians. Encouraged by textual images of slavery, of paternal and Christian responsibility, and of involuntary social and historical rupture, Whitney exploited the protean qualities of the Declaration's text which allowed diverse and even divergent interpretations.

Reference: 134.

Notes: Argues that TJ's plans for the University of Virginia reflect his awareness of his own mediating position between the natural and cultural universes. he thus invented a "middle landscape," one neither wild nor refined, for America, and the University represents his "architectural incarnation." Interesting analysis of the pavilions, concentrating upon the elevations.

Reference: 135.

Notes: Using "analog-criticism," compares the 1801 and 1981 inaugural speeches, both addresses following a "pivotal election," for responses to questions about excessive federal powers, mistaken foreign policy, and the large number of citizens with negative perceptions of each man. Claims both men developed effective rhetorical strategies of conciliation and moderation to gain voter approval, and goes on to contend that this similarity in two pivotal election inaugurals suggests the high degree to which rhetorical response is contingent upon the situation. "The situation controls the rhetorical response," in effect. See below for critique by Gregg Phifer which exposes the simplistic attitude toward comparison of texts from different historical periods.

Reference: 136.

Notes: Rebuts Phifer's critique (see below) of the preceding piece by accusing it of being politically biased.

Reference: 137.