Documentary History
of the Construction of the Buildings
at the University of Virginia, 1817-1828

Frank Edgar Grizzard, Jr.

Notes

367. Mumford, "The Universalism of Thomas Jefferson," in The South in Architecture, 71.

368. Wilson J. Cary, Weather Memorandum, 5 January 1820, ViU:JHC. Cary took these temperatures at Carysbrook, his plantation in Fluvanna County not too far from General John Hartwell Cocke's home. He also noted that at 8 o'clock on 3 and 4 January the temperature was 14 and 12 respectively.

369. TJ to Joseph Carrington Cabell, 22 January 1820, ViU:TJ; see also Cabell, Early History of the University of Virginia, 178, and Ford, Writings of Thomas Jefferson, 10:154-55.

370. Garrett to John Hartwell Cocke, 24 January 1820, ViU:JHC. "Instead of going on horse back, I shall take the stage on Saturday," Garrett wrote when informing Cocke of his impending trip to Richmond on university business.

371. Alexander Garrett, Estimate of University Costs, 7 February 1820, ViU:JCC; see also Cabell, Early History of the University of Virginia, 179-80. Brockenbrough apparently adapted Garrett's estimate when drafting an estimate to be enclosed in the university's report to the Literary Fund in the fall of 1820.

372. Brockenbrough to Cabell, 11 February 1820, ViU:JCC. Brockenbrough included a detailed statement of the debts owed to university contractors.

373. TJ to James Madison, 16 February 1820, DLC:TJ. Jefferson also updated his old friend on his illness, writing, "my health is as usual: no pain but low, weak, able to walk little, and venturing to ride little on account of suspicious symptoms in my legs which Dr. Watkins flatters himself will disappear in the spring."

374. For the default of the state treasurer, see the Richmond Enquirer, 15 January 1820, Cabell to TJ, 3 February 1820, in Cabell, Early History of the University of Virginia, 180-81, TJ to Thomas Cooper, 8 March 1820, in ViU:TJ, and Malone, Jefferson and Time: The Sage of Monticello, 375.

375. See Cabell to TJ, 24 February, and An Act Authorizing the Visitors to Borrow Money to Finish the Buildings, 24 February, and TJ to Thomas Cooper, 8 March 1820, all in ViU:TJ; see also Cabell, Early History of the University of Virginia, 182-83. The university borrowed the money from the Literary Fund (see the President and Directors of the Literary Fund, Extract from the Minutes, 28 February, 24 March, Resolutions, 25 March, and TJ to Thomas Mann Randolph, Jr., 10 March 1820, ViU:TJ).

376. Neilson to TJ, 15 February 1820, ViU:TJ.

377. Ware to Brockenbrough, 10 February 1820, ViU:PP. The Philadelphian's work began to pick up in late March (see Richard Ware's Account with the University of Virginia, 30 March 1820 to 19 September 1821, in ViU:PP).

378. TJ had written to Cooper on 19 November 1819 to inform him that the "Pavilion intended for you (far the best of the whole) is so far advanced in it's interior work as to be certainly finished in the course of the winter. the garden however is not inclosed, and as it is to be done with brick, there may be a doubt whether the season is not too far advanced to risk it. . . . the Pavilion, besides a large lecturing room, has 4. good rooms for family accomodation. one of them below, large enough for your study & library; a drawing room & 2 bedrooms above. kitchen & servant's rooms below. the adjacent dormitories (14. f. square) can be used for your apparatus & laboratory" (ViU:TJ).

379. TJ to John Vaughan, 8 March 1820, PPAmP:Maderia-Vaughan Collection. TJ also wrote to Cooper on the same day: "Your pavilion is finished except plaistering and painting. the former will require all this month, from the variableness of the season. the housejoiner asks a fortnight after removal of the rubbish of the plaisterer to hang his doors and windows, which are ready, & the glazing also done the painting will then take a fortnight, so that we believe of a certainty all will be ready by the 1st. day of May" (ViU:TJ).

380. James Glasgow, Proposal for Plastering, 18 March 1820, ViU:PP.

381. Joseph Antrim, Proposal for Plastering, 20 March, and Contract for Plastering, 22 March 1820, ViU:PP. James Glasgow eventually worked at the university too.

382. See Antrim to Brockenbrough, 14 May, and Loose Receipt, 12 May 1820, in ViU:PP. The materials cost $17.46.

383. John Bevan to TJ, 10 September 1819, ViU:PP.

384. Collins to Brockenbrough, 1 December 1819, ViU:PP.

385. Vowles to Carr, April 1820, ViU:PP. Some of the university's merchants also supplied paint (see John Van Lew & Co. to Brockenbrough, 26 October 1820, in ViU:PP, for instance). John Vowles (d. 1871), the brother-in-law of brickmason William B. Phillips' wife Barbara O. Pendleton, built a town house on one of the lots to the east of the university on the Three Notch'd Road that he purchased from James Dinsmore in 1823; the townhouse, on the corner of modern West Main and 12th streets, still stands and Vowles and the Phillips are buried in Charlottesville's Maplewood Cemetery (see Lay, "Charlottesville's Architectural Legacy," Magazine of Albemarle County History, 46:33, 34, 49, 57). Vowles received $999.36 for his work at the Rotunda and $253.35 at the Anatomical Hall (ViU:PP, Ledger 2).

386. Lowber, who also supplied some glass for the university, initially was content with the arrangement. See Lowber to Brockenbrough, 8 June, 4 November 1820. Lowber received, for instance, $409.82 for furnishing the glass, glazing, paint, and two coats of paint for Pavilion IX, and $428.80 for Pavilion X (ViU:PP, Ledgers 1 and 2; see also Lay, "Charlottesville's Architectural Legacy," Magazine of Albemarle County History, 46:51).

387. Brockenbrough to TJ, 1 May 1820, ViU:PP.

388. Minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia, 3 April 1820, PPAmP:UVA Minutes.

389. Oldham to Brockenbrough, 3 April 1820, ViU:PP. For the list of sawmills see DNA: Records of the Bureau of Census, Manufactures of Fredericksville Parish, Albemarle County, 1820.

390. See TJ's Proposal for University Expenditures, 10 April, in ViU:TJ, TJ to Brockenbrough, ca 10 April, in ViU:PP. Also, compare the estimate with Alexander Garrett's Estimate of University Costs, 7 February, in ViU:JCC, and TJ's Statement of Probable Costs for the Buildings, 28 November 1820, in ViU:TJ. TJ revised his estimate to include the building of the Rotunda in the Spring of 1821.

391. TJ to José Francesco Corrêa Da Serra, 11 April 1820, DLC:TJ.

392. Brockenbrough to TJ, 1 May 1820, ViU:PP. Micaja Wood sent Oldham 775 feet of plank on 29 April and 5,304 feet on 3 June by David Owens, who operated a sawmill in Albemarle County (Loose Receipt, 29 April, and Oldham to Brockenbrough, 3 June 1820, ViU:PP, and DNA: Records of the Bureau of Census, Manufactures of Fredericksville Parish, Albemarle County, 1820).

393. Brockenbrough to Cocke, 4 May 1820, ViU:JHC.

394. George to Brockenbrough, 16 May 1820, ViU:PP. Brockenbrough's docket indicates Craddock charged $13.34 for boating the stone to Milton.

395. George to Brockenbrough, 22 May 1820, ViU:PP.

396. Loose Receipt, 4 June 1827, ViU:PP.

397. Brockenbrough to Wood, 28 May 1820, ViU:PP.

398. Brockenbrough to TJ, 7 June 1820, ViU:TJ.

399. TJ to Appleton, 13 July 1820, DLC:TJ.

400. Appleton to TJ, 10 October 1820, DLC:TJ. Jefferson's docket reads: "Appleton Thos. Leghorn. Oct. 10. 20. recd. Feb. 6."

401. August was Richard Ware's busiest month in 1820. See Ware's Account, 30 March 1820 to 19 September 1821.

402. Brockenbrough to TJ, 7 June 1820, ViU:TJ. Brockenbrough designated Pavilions VI, VIII and X on the east lawn as 3, 4, and 5 (or III, IV, and V), and Jefferson and the university workmen sometimes followed the same practice.

403. Neilson to John Hartwell Cocke, 29 June 1820, ViU:JHC.

404. James Leitch, Account, 8 April 1820 to 10 February 1821, ViU:PP.

405. Brockenbrough & Harvie to Brockenbrough, 22 May 1820, ViU:PP.

406. John Van Lew & Co. to Brockenbrough, 14 June, 1, 20, 21 July 1820, ViU:PP; see also John van Lew & Co., Account, 20 July 1820 to 22 March 1821, and John Van Lew & Co. to Brockenbrough, 7 August 1820, in ViU:PP.

407. Perkins to Brockenbrough, 12 June 1820, ViU:PP.

408. Oldham to Brockenbrough, 13 June 1820, ViU:PP.

409. See Literary Fund, Resolution Authorizing Loan, 30 July, TJ to William Munford, 13 August, and TJ to Thomas Mann Randolph, 16 September and 8 October 1820, in ViU:TJ.

410. TJ to John Wayles Eppes, 30 June 1820, ViU:TJ. John Wayles Eppes (Jack; 1773-1823) married his childhood playmate and half first cousin Mary Jefferson (Maria, Polly; 1178-1804) at Monticello in October 1797. Eppes was elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1802 and served to 1811 when he was defeated by John Randolph of Roanoke. Re-elected in 1812, Eppes was defeated once again by Randolph in 1814. Eppes served in the United States Senate from 1816 to his resignation in 1819, and he died at Mill Brook in Buckingham County in September 1823. See Betts and Bear, The Family Letters of Thomas Jefferson, 9-11, 145-47, 241, 321, 432, 445, 447, 449.

411. TJ to Madison, 13 August 1820, DLC:TJ.

412. TJ to Adams, 15 August 1820, DLC:TJ.

413. Coffee to TJ, 1 September 1820, DLC:TJ. Contrast New York's fire fighting apparatus with Dr. James Mease's description of that of Philadelphia's nine hose companies in The Picture of Philadelphia, Giving An Account of Its Origin, Increase and Improvements in Arts, Sciences, Manufactures, Commerce and Revenue. . . . (Philadelphia, 1811): "The occurrence of a fire in 1803 . . . gave the idea of attaching a hose to the fire plugs of the hydrants in the streets, by which the fire engines might be more rapidly filled than by means of men standing in a lane, or even before a lane could be formed . . . and through which the water would also be forced, and might be directed to the part of a house on fire. . . . The hose is of leather, two and a half, or two and one eighth inches diameter; generally a thousand feet in extent, and divided into sections of fifty feet, all capable of being united, each section being connected by brass swivell screws." Philadelphia owned 7,850 feet of hose for 35 engines, or 221 feet for each engine, and its total fire fighting apparatus was valued at $65,000.

414. Coffee to TJ, 8 September 1820, DLC:TJ.

415. See O'Neal, An Intelligent Interest in Architecture, volume 6 of The American Association of Architectural Bibliographers, 75-80, and Betts, "Groundplans and Prints of the University of Virginia, 1822-1826," Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 90:87. O'Neal's chronology of the production of the two American editions of the Maverick engravings does not begin until 30 November 1821.

416. John Hartwell Cocke to Brockenbrough, 9 October 1819, ViU:PP.

417. Michele and Giacomo Raggi to TJ and Cocke, ca 1 September 1820, ViU:TJ; see also O'Neal, "Michele and Giacomo Raggi at the University of Virginia," Magazine of Albemarle County History, 18:20-21.

418. See TJ to Cocke, 5 September, in ViU:JHC, and Cocke to TJ, 7 September 1820, CSmH:TJ.

419. TJ and Cocke to Brockenbrough, 7 September 1820, ViU:PP; see also Brockenbrough's Memorandum on Michael Raggi, 8 September, in ViU:PP, and TJ's Memorandum on Michele and Giacomo Raggi, ca 8 September 1820, in ViU:TJ.

420. When writing Michele Raggi on 8 October 1820, Jefferson reminded the artisan of the terms of the "settlement of your account with the Proctor, the balance of 293. D. 60 cents was agreed to be due, and were paid you, as appears by a receipt signed by your own hand and now lying before me in these words. `University of Virginia Sep. 9. 1820. Recieved of A. S. Brockenbrough Proctor of the University of Virginia a draught on the bursar of the same for two hundred & ninety three dollars 60. cents, being the balance in full for my wages as Sculptor; and I do hereby relinquish all further claim for wages and expences of my journey & voyage back to Italy, in consideration of my being permitted to withdraw my obligation to continue three years in the service of Thomas Jefferson esq. as Agent for the said University of Virginia, or on him individually. witness my hand the day & year above written. Michele Raggi.'" (DLC:TJ).

421. Michele Raggi to TJ, 26 September 1820, ViU:TJ; see also O'Neal, "Michele and Giacomo Raggi at the University of Virginia," Magazine of Albemarle County History, 18:24-25.

422. TJ to Michele Raggi, 8 October 1820, DLC:TJ. Raggi wrote Jefferson from New York on 28 October and from Gibraltar on 4 December 1820 (DLC:TJ).

423. See TJ to William Munford, 13 August 1820, ViU:TJ.

424. TJ to Randolph, 8 October 1820, ViU:TJ; see also Literary Fund, Resolution Authorizing Loan, 30 July, and TJ to Thomas Mann Randolph, 16 September 1820, in ViU:TJ.

425. See Minutes of the Board of Visitors of the University of Virginia, 2-3 October 1820, PPAmP:UVA Minutes; see also Alexander Garrett's Estimate of University Costs, 7 February, in ViU:JCC, TJ's Proposal for University Expenditures, 10 April, in ViU:TJ, TJ to Brockenbrough, ca 10 April, in ViU:PP, and TJ's Statement of Probable Costs for the Buildings, 28 November 1820, in ViU:TJ.

426. Jefferson drafted a letter to Randolph in early November explaining the differences between the two statements but inadvertently failed to include it with the visitors' report to the legislature. See TJ to Randolph, 9 November and 25 December, and TJ to Joseph Carrington Cabell, 25 December 1820, all in ViU:TJ.

427. Arthur Spicer Brockenbrough, Statement of Expenditures, 30 September 1820, in DLC:TJ.

428. TJ, Statement of Probable Costs for the Buildings, 28 November 1820, ViU:TJ.

429. TJ to Cabell, 28 November 1820, ViU:JCC; see also Randolph, Memoir, Correspondence, and Miscellanies, from the Papers of Jefferson, 4:333-36, and Cabell, Early History of the University of Virginia, 184-88, and Lipscomb and Bergh, Writings of Thomas Jefferson, 15:289-94.

430. Cabell to TJ, 22 and 25 December 1820, ViU:TJ.